Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th Ed.) — Complete Chapter-
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
1)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care
Question Stem: A 6-week-old infant is brought for a well-child
visit. The parent reports frequent, forceful vomiting after feeds
but the infant is gaining weight appropriately and has normal
urine output. Which approach best reflects the primary-care
pediatrician’s role?
A. Refer immediately to pediatric surgery for evaluation of
pyloric stenosis.
B. Reassure the family, provide feeding technique guidance, and
plan short-interval follow-up.
C. Order an urgent abdominal ultrasound and admit for IV
hydration.
D. Prescribe a proton pump inhibitor and re-evaluate in 3
months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct (B): In primary care, common feeding-related
spitting up with normal growth and hydration is often
, managed with education on feeding technique and close
follow-up; this avoids unnecessary invasive testing.
• A: Immediate surgical referral is unnecessary without red
flags (poor weight gain, dehydration, palpated olive).
• C: Urgent imaging/admission is reserved for signs of
obstruction, dehydration, or failure to thrive; not
appropriate for a well-hydrated, growing infant.
• D: Empiric PPI therapy is not first-line for physiologic
spitting up and risks unnecessary medication exposure.
Teaching Point: Manage physiologic feeding problems with
education and timely follow-up.
Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
2)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Primary Care Versus Primary Prevention
Question Stem: A clinic designs a program to reduce lead
exposure in a neighborhood with older housing. Which activity
is primarily an example of primary prevention?
A. Screening children for elevated blood lead levels at age 12
months.
B. Educating landlords and families about lead-safe renovation
and paint abatement.
C. Starting chelation therapy for a child with a blood lead level
of 45 μg/dL.
,D. Referring affected children to developmental therapy after
detection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct (B): Primary prevention prevents exposure before
harm occurs (education and abatement to remove lead
hazards).
• A: Screening is secondary prevention—early detection
after exposure risk.
• C: Chelation is tertiary/clinical intervention to reduce harm
from established poisoning.
• D: Referral for developmental therapy addresses sequelae;
tertiary prevention.
Teaching Point: Primary prevention eliminates hazards before
exposure occurs.
Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
3)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care Providers
Question Stem: A 14-year-old with type 1 diabetes presents for
routine care. The family requests medication regimen changes
without endocrinology availability for 2 months. As the primary
care provider, which action balances scope of practice and
, safety?
A. Make insulin dose adjustments based on reviewed glucose
logs and consult endocrinology by phone.
B. Decline any medication changes until the endocrinologist is
available.
C. Start an advanced insulin pump protocol without specialist
input.
D. Refer immediately to the emergency department for
diabetes management.
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
• Correct (A): Primary care providers can manage ongoing
diabetes care within scope by using data (glucose logs),
making evidence-based adjustments, and coordinating
specialist input.
• B: Refusing to act when safe, data-driven adjustments are
possible may harm glycemic control.
• C: Initiating complex device protocols without specialist
collaboration risks safety.
• D: ED referral is unnecessary for routine regimen
adjustments absent acute issues.
Teaching Point: Primary care can safely titrate chronic therapy
with data and specialist collaboration.
Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
by-Chapter Test Bank: Verified Answers & Detailed Rationales
(New Edition)
1)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care
Question Stem: A 6-week-old infant is brought for a well-child
visit. The parent reports frequent, forceful vomiting after feeds
but the infant is gaining weight appropriately and has normal
urine output. Which approach best reflects the primary-care
pediatrician’s role?
A. Refer immediately to pediatric surgery for evaluation of
pyloric stenosis.
B. Reassure the family, provide feeding technique guidance, and
plan short-interval follow-up.
C. Order an urgent abdominal ultrasound and admit for IV
hydration.
D. Prescribe a proton pump inhibitor and re-evaluate in 3
months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct (B): In primary care, common feeding-related
spitting up with normal growth and hydration is often
, managed with education on feeding technique and close
follow-up; this avoids unnecessary invasive testing.
• A: Immediate surgical referral is unnecessary without red
flags (poor weight gain, dehydration, palpated olive).
• C: Urgent imaging/admission is reserved for signs of
obstruction, dehydration, or failure to thrive; not
appropriate for a well-hydrated, growing infant.
• D: Empiric PPI therapy is not first-line for physiologic
spitting up and risks unnecessary medication exposure.
Teaching Point: Manage physiologic feeding problems with
education and timely follow-up.
Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
2)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Primary Care Versus Primary Prevention
Question Stem: A clinic designs a program to reduce lead
exposure in a neighborhood with older housing. Which activity
is primarily an example of primary prevention?
A. Screening children for elevated blood lead levels at age 12
months.
B. Educating landlords and families about lead-safe renovation
and paint abatement.
C. Starting chelation therapy for a child with a blood lead level
of 45 μg/dL.
,D. Referring affected children to developmental therapy after
detection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationales:
• Correct (B): Primary prevention prevents exposure before
harm occurs (education and abatement to remove lead
hazards).
• A: Screening is secondary prevention—early detection
after exposure risk.
• C: Chelation is tertiary/clinical intervention to reduce harm
from established poisoning.
• D: Referral for developmental therapy addresses sequelae;
tertiary prevention.
Teaching Point: Primary prevention eliminates hazards before
exposure occurs.
Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
3)
Reference: Ch. 1 — Pediatric Primary Care Providers
Question Stem: A 14-year-old with type 1 diabetes presents for
routine care. The family requests medication regimen changes
without endocrinology availability for 2 months. As the primary
care provider, which action balances scope of practice and
, safety?
A. Make insulin dose adjustments based on reviewed glucose
logs and consult endocrinology by phone.
B. Decline any medication changes until the endocrinologist is
available.
C. Start an advanced insulin pump protocol without specialist
input.
D. Refer immediately to the emergency department for
diabetes management.
Correct Answer: A
Rationales:
• Correct (A): Primary care providers can manage ongoing
diabetes care within scope by using data (glucose logs),
making evidence-based adjustments, and coordinating
specialist input.
• B: Refusing to act when safe, data-driven adjustments are
possible may harm glycemic control.
• C: Initiating complex device protocols without specialist
collaboration risks safety.
• D: ED referral is unnecessary for routine regimen
adjustments absent acute issues.
Teaching Point: Primary care can safely titrate chronic therapy
with data and specialist collaboration.
Citation: Burns, C. E. (2025). Burns’ Pediatric Primary Care (8th
Ed.). Ch. 1.
