BIOL133 Fall 2025 Week 2-6 : Chapter quizzes | Complete latest Fall 2025/26 | Already graded A -American Public University.

BIOL133 Fall 2025 Week 2-6 : Chapter quizzes | Complete latest Fall 2025/26 | Already graded A -American Public University. Chapter 3-wk 2 Study Questions - Results X Attempt 1 of 2 Written Oct 16, 2025 9:02 AM - Oct 16, 2025 9:13 AM Released Oct 25, 2025 12:00 AM Attempt Score 10/ 10 - 100 % Overall Grade (Highest Attempt) 10 / 10 - 100 % Question 1 1/ 1 point At a meal, you are served a hamburger with cheese, onions, and beef on a bun. What ingredients represent the most carbohydrates? Select all that apply. (7] cheese [v) onion bun () beef Question 2 1/ 1 point The building blocks of nucleic acids are (O nitrogenous bases. @ nucleotides. O peptides. Q susgars. Question 3 1/ 1 point The R group interactions, B-pleated sheets and «-helix structure can be denatured, but what interaction relevant to structure cannot be denatured? (O disulfide bridge @ peptide bonds (O hydrophobic interactions (O hydrogen bonds (O ionic bondsQuestion 4 1/ 1 point are used for energy storage. (O Phospholipids QO Waxes (O Steroids @ Triglycerides (O Cholesterol Question 5 1/ 1 point What factors allow a pool of 20 amino acids to produce thousands of unique proteins? (Select all that apply.) variation in length of amino acid backbone C] each protein is encoded by a distinct gene variation in tertiary structure variations in which amino acids are used D variations in glycosidic linkage D variations in the type of peptide bond Question 6 1/ 1 point You are served dessert at a restaurant. You want to know what % of the calories in the dessert are from fat. The menu states that there are 10 grams of fat, 30 grams of carbohydrates and 4 grams of protein in the dessert. You know that the number of calories per gram is roughly the same for both protein and carbohydrates. What percentage of calories comes from fat for your dessert? O 10.5% ® 37% O 53% O 28Question 7 1/ 1 point In an experiment, a researcher grew cells in medium containing radiolabeled phosphate. What macromolecules would you expect to be radiolabeled when cellular components were later separated? phospholipids () starch RNA () fatty acids DNA (7] cholesterol O protein Question 8 1/ 1 point Indicate the statements that support the relationship between protein and structure. A protein that unfolds or is incorrectly folded can use chaperones to correct the structure. when some proteins are denatured, with return of the normal environmental conditions they might refold. D A proteins final shape is determined by the secondary structure. D pH, temperature and agitation can denature proteins rendering them active. A disease may occur if proteins do not fold correctly. Question 9 1/ 1 point You and your roommate are grocery shopping. “l don’t get it,” she says. “My doctor said | should buy this special milk because | don't digest it well. But this brand says ‘lactose-free’ and this brand says ‘lactase added’ - which do | want?” You reply: “The is a sugar in milk that you have trouble digesting, and is an enzyme that will digest it for you. QO lactase, lactose @ lactoselactaseQuestion 10 1/ 1 point Organisms must use macromolecules that have properties to match their functional requirements. In the list below, choose the appropriate macromolecule whose properties meet the requirement. Requirement: Short term energy storage "~ (animals) 1. cellulose __2 _ Requirement: Stable storage of information 2. DNA __3 __ Requirement: Energy storage for seeds 3. starch Requirement: Transient transmission of 4. glycogen — information 5. RNA __1 _Requirement: Strong cell walls bioChapter 4-wk 3 Study Questions - Results Attempt 1 of 2 Written Oct 22, 2025 11:27 PM - Oct 22, 2025 11:38 PM Attempt Score 9 /10-90 % Overall Grade (Highest Attempt) 10/ 10 - 100 % Question 1 1/ 1 point Plants, fungi and bacteria all have what similarity? (O central vacuole O centrioles (O centrosomes @ cellwall (O mitochondria Question 2 0/ 1 point What is the pathway in which a protein moves through the endomembrane system? rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, transport vesicle, plasma membrane plasma membrane, transport vesicle, Golgi apparatus, rough ER rough ER, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicle, plasma membrane OO00® smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicle, plasma membrane Question 3 1/ 1 point The cell theory states (O all organisms are composed of multiple cells, all cells arise spontaneously and all cells require nutrients all cells will contain DNA, all cells are the smallest living things that can divide and all organisms are composed of cells arise spontaneously all organisms are composed of one or more cells, all cells are the smallest living things and all cells o all cells are the smallest living things, all organisms are composed of one or more cells and all cells ® arise from other cellsQuestion 4 1/ 1 point Cardiac muscle requires junctions that allow electrical signals through. Cardiac muscle also relies on calcium to contract. What junction is involved and what organelle stores calcium? (O desmosomes, smooth ER (O plasmodesmata, rough ER @® gap, smooth ER QO tight, rough ER Question 5 1/ 1 point If an integrin protein is mutated what cell function might be affected? (@® communication between cytoskeleton and proteglycan O fluidity of phospholipids O cellular motility O cytoplasmic communication Question 6 1/ 1 point Larger cells function less effectively because as they increase in size, the surface area to volume ratio O stays the same Q increases @ decreases Question 7 1/ 1 point e _______prevent material from moving in or out of the brain's capillaries (O Desmosomes (O Plasmodesmatas (O Gap junctions @ Tight junctionsQuestion 8 1/ 1 point The shape of the cell is predominantly maintained by the (O plasma membrane @ cytoskeleton O cytoplasm (O endomembrane system Question 9 1/ 1 point Decondensed chromatin is located within the (O nucleolus during cell division (O nucleus during cell division (O nucleolus during maintenance nucleus during cell maintenance Question 10 1/ 1 point When comparing prokaryotes and eukaryotes, flagella (O aid in structural support (O aid in phagocytosis (O are composed of a 9+2 array @ are use for movementChapter 5-wk 3 Study Questions - Results Attempt 2 of 2 Written Oct 23, 2025 10:30 PM - Oct 23, 2025 10:32 PM Attempt Score 10/ 10 - 100 % Overall Grade (Highest Attempt) 10 / 10 - 100 % Question 1 1/ 1 point If sodium does not move down its gradient in the co-transport pump, what would be the outcome? (O Sugar would not be affected (O Sugar would not be able to move down the gradient @ Sugar would not be able to move up the gradient Question 2 1/ 1 point What protein is matched with its function? (O aquaporins - move water through the membrane by active transport (O carrier protein - nonspecific and will allow material to pass directly through @® channel protein - allow passage of material through the hydrophilic pore transport proteins - allow passage of material with the aid of ATP Question 3 1/ 1 point What molecule(s) could diffuse across the plasma membrane? (O disaccharides O Fe (O tryptophan amino acid ® cHQuestion 4 1/ 1 point The impermeability of cell plasma membranes is a major barrier to using drugs to kill tumor cells or affect cells transgenically. CPPs are peptides that were discovered to have the ability to transport themselves (and even attached cargo) into cells. How they get into cells is still a mystery, but CPPs all have multiple positively charged groups. Which of the following membrane components are they most likely to be interacting with? (O phospholipid tails (O intrinsic membrane proteins (O cholesterol @ phospholipid heads Question 5 1/ 1 point What substance would have the slowest speed of passage across a selectively permeable membrane? (O nonpolar large molecules (O nonpolar small molecules @ large polar molecules O small polar molecules Question 6 1/ 1 point The fluid mosaic model describes membranes as fluid due to (O phospholipids sporadically placed throughout the membrane (O the membrane is mostly composed of water @ the proteins and the phospholipids can move laterally throughout the membrane (O higher amounts of cholesterol (O higher amounts of cholesterolQuestion 7 1/ 1 point How are the membrane components oriented? The hydrophobic heads are oriented towards the outside of the cell and the hydrophilic tails are oriented towards the inside of the cell. The hydrophilic heads are oriented towards the outside and the inside of the cell and the hydrophobic tails are oriented towards each other. The hydrophobic heads are oriented towards each other and the hydrophilic tails are oriented towards the outside and inside of the cell. The hydrophobic heads are oriented towards the inside of the cell and the hydrophilic tails are (O oriented towards the outside of the cell. Question 8 1/ 1 point What is the first step in Na+-K+ pump? (O ATPis hydrolyzed by a protein carrier @ Carrier protein binds to 3 Na+ (O shape change increases the carrier's affinity for K+ ions (O Phosphate group is removed and K+ attach (O The carrier protein has a reduced affinity for Na+ Question 9 1/ 1 point What components are or can be present in cellular passive transport? concentration gradient carrier proteins amphiphilic molecules Question 10 1/ 1 point Molecules move from a high to low concentration in (O isotonic solutions (O hypotonic solutions (O hypertonic solutions @ diffusion (O osmosisBIOL133 Fall 2025 Week 4: Chapter 6 Study Questions Question 1 1/ 1 point How does ATP differ from a RNA nucleotide? @® ATP has 3 phosphate group (O ATP has deoxyribose instead of ribose (O ATP has a 3C sugar (O ATP and RNA nucleotide and identical (O ATP lacks an adenine Question 2 1/ 1 point Making popsicles the entropy of the system. O increases @ decreases O does not effect Question 3 1/ 1 point After many years of difficult research, your company invented a drug that increases the enzyme rate for the synthesis of an important metabolite. Patients with mutations in the enzyme lack the metabolite and have devastating symptoms. Your team is thrilled to have a drug that speeds up the enzymatic rate. At your celebration, the new intern pipes up: "You guys didn't have to do all that work after all! Instead of giving patients this new drug, you could have just given them the metabolite directly." Your response? Products of metabolic reactions are not easily digestible, so it would pass through the patient O undigested. Each enzyme can catalyze multiple reactions. It is not feasible to provide enough of the metabolite to ® each cell directly. She is correct - this is an example of how pharmaceutical companies create expensive drugs when a O cheap solution would solve the problem. O It would have been much easier to give patients a small pill once a week containing the product of the reaction. But that compound was already patented by another company.Question 4 1/ 1 point CgH1204 + 60, — 6H,0 + 6CO5 is an example of @ catabolism (O anabolism (O synthesis Question 5 1/ 1 point Since metabolism involves the synthesis and breakdown of non-protein cell components like mono- and polysaccharides, lipids, and ATP, there is not much role for gene mutations to influence the process. O True @ False Question 6 1/ 1 point What is an example of potential energy? Select all that apply. concentration gradients O heat D sound () light energy in chemical bonds Question 7 1/ 1 point Researchers are working to develop biofuels to free us from dependence on fossil fuels. Based on what you know about cellulose, what do you predict are the major advantage and disadvantage of using cellulose-rich plant material as biofuel? (O There is not much energy in the glycosidic bonds of cellulose, but at least there is a lot of it. There is not much energy in the peptide bonds of cellulose, but at least it is very easy to break down The breakdown of cellulose into fructose is an endergonic reaction, but an enzyme can reverse the O O equilibrium. ® Cellulose is very difficult to break down into glucose, but it contains a lot of energy.Question 8 1/ 1 point Neostigmine is a drug used to treat the disease myasthenia gravis. The drug binds to the active site of acetylcholinesterase preventing breakdown of acetylcholine. This drug is a(n) QO allosteric inhibitor (O noncompetitive inhibitor Q allosteric activator @ competitive inhibitor Question 9 1/ 1 point Glycerol and fatty acids can combine to make triglycerides. This represents a(n) catabolic reaction anabolic reaction hydrolysis reaction aerobic reaction degredation reaction OO0OO0O®O Question 10 0.5/ 1 point What examples describe the second law of thermodynamics? Select all that apply. Select 2 correct answer(s) A penny will fall when you pick it up and let it drop. A frying pan is on a hot stove. When removed it will cool. () Ice cubes will melt in a warm room. D Donuts nutrients are used to help you exercise.Attempt Score 9.5/10-95% Overall Grade (Highest Attempt) 9.5/10-95% Question 1 1/ 1 point How does ATP differ from a RNA nucleotide? O ATP lacks an adenine (O ATP has a 3C sugar O ATP and RNA nucleotide and identical @® ATP has 3 phosphate group (O ATP has deoxyribose instead of ribose Question 2 1/ 1 point Making popsicles the entropy of the system. O increases ® decreases O does not effect Question 3 1/ 1 point After many years of difficult research, your company invented a drug that increases the enzyme rate for the synthesis of an important metabolite. Patients with mutations in the enzyme lack the metabolite and have devastating symptoms. Your team is thrilled to have a drug that speeds up the enzymatic rate. At your celebration, the new intern pipes up: "You guys didn't have to do all that work after all! Instead of giving patients this new drug, you could have just given them the metabolite directly." Your response? Products of metabolic reactions are not easily digestible, so it would pass through the patient undigested. It would have been much easier to give patients a small pill once a week containing the product of the reaction. But that compound was already patented by another company. Each enzyme can catalyze multiple reactions. It is not feasible to provide enough of the metabolite to each cell directly. O @ O O She is correct - this is an example of how pharmaceutical companies create expensive drugs when a cheap solution would solve the problem.Question 4 1/ 1 point CgH1204 + 60, — 6H,0 + 6COzis anexampleof (@ catabolism (O anabolism (O synthesis Question 5 1/ 1 point Since metabolism involves the synthesis and breakdown of non-protein cell components like mono- and polysaccharides, lipids, and ATP, there is not much role for gene mutations to influence the process. O True @ False Question 6 1/ 1 point What is an example of potential energy? Select all that apply. [ ] light (] heat (v| concentration gradients (v energy in chemical bonds [ ] sound Question 7 1/ 1 point Researchers are working to develop biofuels to free us from dependence on fossil fuels. Based on what you know about cellulose, what do you predict are the major advantage and disadvantage of using cellulose-rich plant material as biofuel? (O There is not much energy in the glycosidic bonds of cellulose, but at least there is a lot of it. (O There is not much energy in the peptide bonds of cellulose, but at least it is very easy to break down The breakdown of cellulose into fructose is an endergonic reaction, but an enzyme can reverse the equilibrium. @ Cellulose is very difficult to break down into glucose, but it contains a lot of energy.Question 8 1/ 1 point Neostigmine is a drug used to treat the disease myasthenia gravis. The drug binds to the active site of acetylcholinesterase preventing breakdown of acetylcholine. This drug is a(n) @ competitive inhibitor (O noncompetitive inhibitor (O allosteric inhibitor (O allosteric activator Question 9 1/ 1 point Glycerol and fatty acids can combine to make triglycerides. This represents a(n) (O aerobic reaction (O catabolic reaction (O hydrolysis reaction @® anabolic reaction (O degredation reaction Question 10 0.5/ 1 point What examples describe the second law of thermodynamics? Select all that apply. Select 2 correct answer(s) [Z[ A penny will fall when you pick it up and let it drop. O A frying pan is on a hot stove. When removed it will cool. (v| lce cubes will melt in a warm room. |':] Donuts nutrients are used to help you exercise.BIOL133 Fall 2025 W5: Chapter 7 Study Questions Chapter 7- wk 5 Study Questions - Results X Attempt 1 of 2 Written Nov 3, 2025 12:37 PM - Nov 3, 2025 12:49 PM Attempt Score 10/10-100% Overall Grade (Highest Attempt) 10/ 10- 100 % Question 1 1/ 1 point When has glucose been broken down from its original 6 carbon molecule to 6 molecules of carbon dioxide? (O oxidation of pyruvate (O slycolysis (O whenisocitrate is oxidized to x-Ketoglutarate @® when x-Ketoglutarate is oxidized to Succinyl CoA Question 2 1/ 1 point Assuming 2 ATPs are produced per FADH2, how many ATPs will be produced in oxidative phosphorylation per glucose molecule? O 0 O 2 @ 4 O 6 D View question 2 feedback Question 3 1/ 1 pointQuestion 3 1/ 1 point ____________ carbon dioxide molecules are given off during three turns of the Krebs cycle? ®@ 0000 o A WN e Question 4 1/ 1 point What area is not involved with pumping protons to the intermembrane space? O complex | @® complex Il QO complex I (O complex IV Question 5 1/ 1 point What vitamin derivative accepts hydrogen for complex | during ETC? QO thiamine @ riboflavin (O niacin (O pantothenic acid Question 6 1/ 1 point NADH and FADH2 are products of oxidation/reduction reactions glycolysis chemiosmosis 0O00® substrate level phosphorylationQuestion 7 What is not a good biological oxidizing agent? @ re* O 2 O NAD+ O FAD Question 8 1/ 1 point 1/ 1 point In gluconeogenesis, organisms use ATP to make glucose, then in cellular respiration they break down the glucose again to get energy. Why not just store the ATP? (Select all that apply.) D ATP does not have high-energy bonds. ATP is not energy dense enough. ATP only has energy after it is activated by glucose. ATP only has energy when it is attached to glucose. ATP without a cofactor forms crystalline structures. Using glucose directly to power enzymes is more efficient. @) @) ATP is not stable enough. O @) Question 9 Removal of NH3 is best described as (O beta oxidation @ deamination O lipolysis QO sglycolysis Question 10 Molecules generated from butter will enter aerobic cellular respiration at @ pyruvate oxidation O sglycolysis O Krebs cycle (O oxidative phosphorylation 1/ 1 point 1/ 1 pointBIOL133 Fall 2025 W5: Chapter 8 Study Questions Chapter 8- wk 5 Study Questions - Results X Attempt 2 of 2 Written Nov 4, 2025 3:06 PM - Nov 4, 2025 3:08 PM Attempt Score 10/ 10-100 % Overall Grade (Highest Attempt) 10/ 10 - 100 % Question 1 1/ 1 point The light independent reactions are important because they (O make ATP and NADPH @ convert CO2 into glucose (O split H20 to harvest electrons (O release O2 Question 2 1/ 1 point What properties are expressed by wavelengths? Select all that apply. Chlorophyll b absorbs a lot of energy from 460nm wavelengths Red absorbs little energy D Chlorophyll a reflects red light well Visible light's wavelengths are between 400-740nm D Green is useful in absorbing light during photosynthesis Question 3 1/ 1 point What is the flow of energy in order from source to end? (O human—sun—grass—cow (O cow—human—grass—sun @ sun—grass—cow—human O plant—sun—human—cowQuestion 4 1/ 1 point What statement shows the relationship among chloroplasts and mitochondria? (O both reduce NADP+ @ both generate ATP by proton gradient (O both use oxygen as the final electron acceptor (O both release carbon dioxide Question 5 1/ 1 point Light-dependent reactions build NADPH and oxygenby ________ (O oxidation (O reduction @ oxidation and reduction Question 6 1/ 1 point Organic molecules are made in the QO light dependent reactions @ Calvin cycle (O Krebs cycle QO sglycolysis Question 7 1/ 1 point P700 first transfers an electron through chlorophyll and a bound @ Qquinone O ferredoxin O 2Fe-25 QO plastocyaninQuestion 8 1/ 1 point If rubisco does not function properly, what process would be affected? (O ability to reduce NADP+ @ ability to fix carbon (O ability to split water (O ability to absorb photons Question 9 1/ 1 point Protons from electron transport will amass in the O stroma (O intermembrane space O matrix @ thylakoid lumen Question 10 1/ 1 point Why is the third stage of the Calvin cycle called the regeneration stage? Because Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), the molecule needed at the start of the cycle, is regenerated from Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) Because Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P), the molecule needed at the start of the cycle, is regenerated from Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) the enzyme RuBisCO incorporates carbon dioxide into an organic molecule OO0O @ Because the enzyme RuBisCO is reduced during this stage.BIOL133 A0Q05 Fall 2025 Week 5 Lab: Diffusion and Osmosis Exploration Small, uncharged molecules can pass through the membrane via simple diffusion. | » True False Exercise 1 How did the blood cells appear in each of the different sodium concentrations? What causes these differences in appearance? In the distilled water solution, the red blood cells appeared swollen. When cells swell, it means the concentration of solutes in the extracellular fluid is lower than the concentration of solutes inside the red blood cells, making the solution hypotonic. Meanwhile, when the red blood cells are diluted in the 0.9% sodium chloride solution, they all appear to look the same and equal. When this occurs, it means that there was no net movement of water between the intracellular and extracellular fluids. This, in turn, is an example of osmosis in an isotonic environment; therefore, it's safe to say that the 0.9% sodium chloride solution is isotonic. Lastly, the red blood cells in the 12.5% salt solution have a shrunken and wrinkled appearance. When the concentration of solutes in the extracellular fluid is higher than the concentration of solutes inside the red blood cells, it results in a net movement of water molecules out of the cells, causing the cells to shrink and collapse. This is an example of osmosis in a hypertonic environment, making the 12.5% salt solution a hypertonic solution. 182 /10000 Word Limit Is the movement of water in and out of these blood cells active or passive? The movement of water in and out of the red blood cells is a passive. When molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, they require no energy expenditure, resulting in passive movement. 37 /10000 Word LimitWhy do intravenous (IV) solutions need to have the same tonicity as blood? Intravenous (IV) solutions need to have the same tonicity as blood to allow for even exchange of water across the cell membrane, which keeps the cells whole/intact and functional. If the IV solution is less concentrated, then water will move into the cell, causing it to swell and burst. If the |V solution is more concentrated, then the water will move out of the cell, which will cause it to become dehydrated and shrink. 74 /10000 Word Limit Observation 1: Distilled Water Slide In this observation, the blood cells in distilled water appear to be swollen. Distilled water is a hypotonic solution, which means the concentration of solutes in the extracellular fluid is lower than the concentration of solutes inside the red blood cells. In turn, this causes a net movement of water molecules into the cells, which leads to swelling and causes them to eventually burst. 64 / 10000 Word Limit Observation 2: 0.9% Salt Solution 0.9% Sodium Chloride is an isotonic solution. In this observation, the red blood cells appear to look the same. During this osmosis, the concentration of solutes in the extracellular solution is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the red blood cells. Therefore, there is no net movement of water between the intracellular and extracellular fluids. 56 /10000 Word Limit Observation 3: 12.5% Salt In this observation, the red blood cells seem to have shrunken or burst. Due to their appearance, we can say that this is an example of osmosis in a hypertonic environment. This is the result of the concentration of solutes in the extracellular fluid being greater than the concentration of solutes inside the red blood cells. This, in turn, causes a net movement of water molecules out of the cells, resulting in the cells shrinking and collapsing. 77 /10000 Word LimitCompetency Review Which of the following does not impact membrane permeability? I * ATP Availability Molecule Charge Solute Concentration Molecule Size What would happen to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution? There would be no change to the cell. Water would fill the cell, causing it to swell. * Water would leave the cell, causing it to shrink. Active transport moves molecules from areas of high concentration to low concentration using ATP. True + False What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? Osmosis states that molecules move from high to low concentration, whereas diffusion states that molecules move from low to high concentration. * Osmosis refers to water molecules, whereas diffusion refers to any molecule. Diffusion refers only to water molecules, whereas osmosis refers to any molecule. Diffusion does not consider semi-permeable membranes, whereas osmosis only considers semi-permeable membranes. Membrane permeability increases as concentration decreases. ¢ True FalseChapter 9- wk 6 Study Questions - Results Attempt 1 of 2 Written Nov 13, 2025 8:02 AM - Nov 13, 2025 8:13 AM Attempt Score 9/10-90 % Overall Grade (Highest Attempt) 9/ 10-90 % Question 1 1/ 1 point If calcium levels are low, cCAMP activity increases which leads to synthesis and release of parathyroid hormone. cAMP acts as a(n) O enzyme (O phosphorylating agent @ ligand (O second messenger Question 2 1/ 1 point Teeth can have a biofilm formed on the surface. Cell signaling will @ increase cell quantity (O cause apoptosis (O cause increase saliva production (O cause uncontrolled cell division Question 3 1/ 1 point Vibrio fischeri are bioluminescent when the population reaches a certain size. This is an example of O population density @® quorum sensing (O exponential growth QO principle of growth QO binary fissionQuestion 4 1/ 1 point What describes transcription factors? @ control of gene expression (O regulation of DNAduplication (O ATPinto cAMP (O synthesis of glycogen Question 5 1/ 1 point A common theme in many pathways is a cascade of similar enzymes acting on each other in sequence. For instance, MAP kinase kinase kinase adds a phosphate to MAP kinase kinase, which adds phosphate to MAP kinase, which adds phosphate to another substrate. What is the benefit of using a cascade of enzymes? (O Extra genes provide backup in case the original became mutated. @ A cascade amplifies output from the original signal. There is no benefit - "selfish genes" are often maintained in evolution for reasons unrelated to the function of their encoded proteins. (O Acascade is used for timing since it delays the response. Question 6 0/ 1 point Cell surface receptors have three domains with different roles. Match each role to the domain that is responsible. Sends conformational change through the ~~"~ plasma membrane ________ 1. Extracellular domain __1 _Binds the signaling molecule ________ 2. Hydrophobic domain Interacts with downstream signaling cascade 3. Cytosolic domain Question 7 1/ 1 point Protein phosphorylating enzymes help regulated gene expression by @ protein activation (O DNA synthesis (O translation (O moving mRNA into the cytoplasmQuestion 8 1/ 1 point Diacylglycerol and inositol triphosphate are released from phosphatidylinositol biphosphate by (O adenylyl cyclase @® phospholipase C O protein kinaseC O G-protein O A-kinase Question 9 1/ 1 point Since plants have rigid cell walls formed from cellulose, transfer of information and materials between cells is prohibited. O True @ False Question 10 1/ 1 point is the substrate for adenylyl cylcase. O ADP O GTP ® ATP O cAMP O GDPChapter 9- wk 6 Study Questions - Results Attempt 2 of 2 Written Nov 15, 2025 11:51 AM - Nov 15, 2025 11:58 AM Attempt Score 10/ 10 - 100 % Overall Grade (Highest Attempt) 10 / 10 - 100 % Question 1 1/ 1 point If calcium levels are low, cCAMP activity increases which leads to synthesis and release of parathyroid hormone. cAMP acts as a(n) O enzyme (O phosphorylating agent @ ligand (O second messenger Question 2 1/ 1 point Teeth can have a biofilm formed on the surface. Cell signaling will (O cause apoptosis @® increase cell quantity (O cause uncontrolled cell division (O cause increase saliva production Question 3 1/ 1 point Vibrio fischeri are bioluminescent when the population reaches a certain size. This is an example of O population density @® quorum sensing (O exponential growth QO principle of growth QO binary fissionQuestion 4 1/ 1 point What describes transcription factors? @ control of gene expression (O regulation of DNA duplication (O ATPinto cAMP (O synthesis of glycogen Question 5 1/ 1 point A common theme in many pathways is a cascade of similar enzymes acting on each other in sequence. For instance, MAP kinase kinase kinase adds a phosphate to MAP kinase kinase, which adds phosphate to MAP kinase, which adds phosphate to another substrate. What is the benefit of using a cascade of enzymes? (O Extra genes provide backup in case the original became mutated. @® A cascade amplifies output from the original signal. There is no benefit - "selfish genes" are often maintained in evolution for reasons unrelated to the function of their encoded proteins. (O Acascade is used for timing since it delays the response. Question 6 1/ 1 point Cell surface receptors have three domains with different roles. Match each role to the domain that is responsible. __1 _ Binds the signaling molecule Interacts with downstream signaling cascade 1. Extracellular domain ,,,,,,, 2. Hydrophobic domain Sends conformational change through the 3. Cytosolic domain ~ plasma membrane Question 7 1/ 1 point Protein phosphorylating enzymes help regulated gene expression by (O moving mRNA into the cytoplasm QO translation @ protein activation (O DNA synthesisQuestion 8 1/ 1 point Diacylglycerol and inositol triphosphate are released from phosphatidylinositol biphosphate by _ (O adenylyl cyclase @ phospholipase C (O protein kinase C O G-protein O A-kinase Question 9 1/ 1 point Since plants have rigid cell walls formed from cellulose, transfer of information and materials between cells is prohibited. O True @ False Question 10 1/ 1 point is the substrate for adenylyl cylcase. @® ATP O GTP O cAMP O ADP O GDP