2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
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<RECENT VERSION>
1. Which structure of the skin provides the body with photoprotective
properties by absorbing harmful UV light? (2)
A. Melanin
B. Langerhans cells
C. Odland bodies
D. Stratum lucidum - ANSWER ✔ A
2. What is a unique function of the layer of the epidermis known as the stratum
basale? (2)
A. Providing immunity via Langerhans Cells
B. Producing new epithelial cells
C. Releasing lipids to hep maintain normal brick and mortar skin
configuration
D. Protecting the palms of the hands and soles of the feet - ANSWER ✔
B - reproductive layer of the dermis characterized by proliferating
keratinocytes
,3. Which cells located in the dermis produce collagen and elastin critical to
immune function and healing? (2)
A. Leukotrienes
B. Prostaglandins
C. Macrophages
D. Fibroblasts - ANSWER ✔ D
4. Which patient's wound would the WCN expect to heal by scar formation?
(2)
A. A head wound extending beyond the hair follicles
B. A shallow wound on the hand
C. A stage 2 PI
D. A first-degree burn - ANSWER ✔ A
5. Which of the following statements accurately describes how the skin
functions as a barrier between the internal and external environments? (2)
A. The skin lipids bind water, normally maintaining skin water content at
20% or higher
B. When the barrier function of the skin is compromised, transepidermal
water loss (TEWL) decreases
C. Protection against pathogenic invasion is supported by an acidic pH of
the skin
, D. Merkel receptors embedded in the eECM contribute to the mechanical
rigidity and frictional resistance protection of the skin - ANSWER ✔
C
6. LEAD pain description - ANSWER ✔ intense cramping, throbbing
heaviness and difficulty walking
worsened by activity and elevation
nocturnal pain
7. LEAD appearance - ANSWER ✔ punched out
scant exudate
pale or necrotic wound bed
8. LEAD location - ANSWER ✔ distally: toes, forefoot, heel
9. LEAD assessment findings - ANSWER ✔ Diminished or absent pulses
abdnormal ABI
Infection (usually muted)
elevation pallor/dependent rubor
decrease hair growth
prolonged venous filling time >20 secs
10.LEAD management - ANSWER ✔ -topical therapy
- vascular consult
-tabacco cessation
- dry eschar w/no infx= betadine
, - if infx= chemical/enzymatic
11.LEAD risk factors - ANSWER ✔ -smoking
-DM
-HTN
- Hyperlipidemia
- age >66
- obese
12.LEVD pain description - ANSWER ✔ -aching/heavy/dull
- ankle to knee
- pain severity is variable
- worsened by dependency and edema
relief with elevation
- pain worsening throughout the day
13.LEVD wound appearance: - ANSWER ✔ -shallow and irregular shape
- moderate to heavy exudate
-dark red with layer of yellow slough
- biofilm
14.LEVD wound location - ANSWER ✔ superior to the medial malleolus
anywhere on lower extremity
15.LEVD assessment findings: - ANSWER ✔ -edema
-hemosiderin staining