Advanced pharmacology midterm NR 565 – advanced
pharmacology midterm - Chamberlain Exam, Most
Recent 2025/2026 Actual Complete Real Exam
Questions And Verified Answers | 100% Correct
Answers Graded A+ / Guaranteed Success!!
Newest Exam / Just Released!!
Treatment of chronic pain- Example: How should something
like osteoarthritis
be treated? - ANSWER-Non Opioid medications - NSAIDs,
cox-2 inhibitors
Nonpharmacologic tx - heat/cold, yoga, physical therapy,
exercise, healthy
weight
When prescribing medication we must understand that liver
function declines with age due to what cause? a. enlarged
liver
b. decreased blood flow to liver
c. increased activity of the hepatic enzymes - ANSWER-
decreased blood flow to liver
a. decreased liver mass
c. decrease in enzyme activity
What is the most important cause of adverse drug
reactions? (older age) a. high drug dosages
,b. lack of monitoring medications
c. decreased renal excretion
d. overprescribing/polypharmacy - ANSWER-decreased renal
excretion
Distribution of medication can be affected in the elderly in what
ways? SATA
1. decreased hormones
2. increased body fat
3. decreased lean mass
4. decreased albumin - ANSWER-2, 3, 4 changes in body
composition associated with age due to an increase in body
fat percentage and decrease in lean muscle mass. There is
also a decrease in total body water. Distribution can also be
impacted by decreased total body water and decreased
cardiac output. Absorption can be impacted by increase
gastric pH, decreased absorption surface area decreased G.I.
motility and decrease gastric emptying. Metabolism can be
impacted by de Cristo paddock blood flow, paddock mask,
and activity of hepatic enzymes. Excretion can be impacted
by decreased renal blood flow, decrease GFR, decrees to
both secretion, and decrease number of nephrons
An 82 year old male visits the clinic complaining that his pain
medications "take forever" to work after he takes his pill. What
are possible reasons you can explain to him?
1.Perhaps we need to increase your dosage.
2.Sometimes as you get older, absorption may be slower
resulting in a delayed response.
,3.As we get older the gastric acid decreases and may slow
absorption. -
ANSWER-2&3
Order of HTN medications typically prescribed - ANSWER-
Thiazide diuretics Ace Inhibitors
ARBS
CCB
BB
Which is best HTN medication for someone with diabetes -
ANSWER-ACE
inhibitor and
ARB
Which medication to avoid in a patient who is pregnant or
breastfeeding? - ANSWER-Avoid ACE and ARBs in patients
who are pregnant or may become pregnant. Especially ARBs in
the second and third trimester.
Medications best for HTN for patient who is pregnant? -
ANSWER-labetalol,
methyldopa,
nifedipine
For general population which HTN class is appropriate? -
ANSWER-thiazide
diuretics
, For African Americans which class of HTN medications is
appropriate? -
ANSWER-thiazide,
CCB, BB
For a chronic kidney disease, what is the best HTN
medication class? -
ANSWER-ACE Inhibitors or
ARBS
What class of medications to avoid in African Americans? -
ANSWER-ACE
inhibitors and
ARBS
Thiazide diuretics MOA - ANSWER-blockade of sodium and
chloride reabsorption
increases renal excretion of sodium, chloride, potassium, and
water
(hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia)
ACE inhibitors MOA - ANSWER-Angiotensin Converting
Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-I) prevent the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which disrupts the renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). 1. reduce levels of
angiotensin II (through inhibition of ACE)
2. increasing levels of bradykinin (through inhibition of kinase
11)
pharmacology midterm - Chamberlain Exam, Most
Recent 2025/2026 Actual Complete Real Exam
Questions And Verified Answers | 100% Correct
Answers Graded A+ / Guaranteed Success!!
Newest Exam / Just Released!!
Treatment of chronic pain- Example: How should something
like osteoarthritis
be treated? - ANSWER-Non Opioid medications - NSAIDs,
cox-2 inhibitors
Nonpharmacologic tx - heat/cold, yoga, physical therapy,
exercise, healthy
weight
When prescribing medication we must understand that liver
function declines with age due to what cause? a. enlarged
liver
b. decreased blood flow to liver
c. increased activity of the hepatic enzymes - ANSWER-
decreased blood flow to liver
a. decreased liver mass
c. decrease in enzyme activity
What is the most important cause of adverse drug
reactions? (older age) a. high drug dosages
,b. lack of monitoring medications
c. decreased renal excretion
d. overprescribing/polypharmacy - ANSWER-decreased renal
excretion
Distribution of medication can be affected in the elderly in what
ways? SATA
1. decreased hormones
2. increased body fat
3. decreased lean mass
4. decreased albumin - ANSWER-2, 3, 4 changes in body
composition associated with age due to an increase in body
fat percentage and decrease in lean muscle mass. There is
also a decrease in total body water. Distribution can also be
impacted by decreased total body water and decreased
cardiac output. Absorption can be impacted by increase
gastric pH, decreased absorption surface area decreased G.I.
motility and decrease gastric emptying. Metabolism can be
impacted by de Cristo paddock blood flow, paddock mask,
and activity of hepatic enzymes. Excretion can be impacted
by decreased renal blood flow, decrease GFR, decrees to
both secretion, and decrease number of nephrons
An 82 year old male visits the clinic complaining that his pain
medications "take forever" to work after he takes his pill. What
are possible reasons you can explain to him?
1.Perhaps we need to increase your dosage.
2.Sometimes as you get older, absorption may be slower
resulting in a delayed response.
,3.As we get older the gastric acid decreases and may slow
absorption. -
ANSWER-2&3
Order of HTN medications typically prescribed - ANSWER-
Thiazide diuretics Ace Inhibitors
ARBS
CCB
BB
Which is best HTN medication for someone with diabetes -
ANSWER-ACE
inhibitor and
ARB
Which medication to avoid in a patient who is pregnant or
breastfeeding? - ANSWER-Avoid ACE and ARBs in patients
who are pregnant or may become pregnant. Especially ARBs in
the second and third trimester.
Medications best for HTN for patient who is pregnant? -
ANSWER-labetalol,
methyldopa,
nifedipine
For general population which HTN class is appropriate? -
ANSWER-thiazide
diuretics
, For African Americans which class of HTN medications is
appropriate? -
ANSWER-thiazide,
CCB, BB
For a chronic kidney disease, what is the best HTN
medication class? -
ANSWER-ACE Inhibitors or
ARBS
What class of medications to avoid in African Americans? -
ANSWER-ACE
inhibitors and
ARBS
Thiazide diuretics MOA - ANSWER-blockade of sodium and
chloride reabsorption
increases renal excretion of sodium, chloride, potassium, and
water
(hyponatremia, hypochloremia, hypokalemia)
ACE inhibitors MOA - ANSWER-Angiotensin Converting
Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE-I) prevent the conversion of
angiotensin I to angiotensin II, which disrupts the renin-
angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). 1. reduce levels of
angiotensin II (through inhibition of ACE)
2. increasing levels of bradykinin (through inhibition of kinase
11)
