ECMO – Questions With Verifiable Answers
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Terms in this set (83)
Transport is a complicated procedure when patients are
What are the 3 types of
on ECMO. Challenges are associated with: 1) intra-
transport for a patient on
hospital transport, 2) inter-hospital transport, and 3)
ECMO?
flight transport
The velocity at which the liquid moves in proportion to
Definition of shear rate the separation of the plates. Also known as velocity
gradient.
A force applied to an area of liquid confined between 2
Definition of shear stress
plates, sufficient to set a liquid in motion
shear stress = velocity x shear rate
What is the shear stress
equation? Shear stress is proportional to the shear rate, and the
coefficient of proportionality is the fluid viscosity.
The resistance to blood flow produced by any
membrane oxygenator. Each manufacturer provides
Definition of pressure drop pressure drop specifications for their membranes. If it is
exceeded, the membrane material may rupture during
the procedure.
Definition of long term FDA defines it as the device being in use >6 hours
support
The destruction of red blood cells, caused by the
Definition of hemolysis disruption of the cell membrane and resulting in the
release of hemoglobin
A procedure in which blood is taken from a patient's
circulation to have a process applied to it before it is
returned to circulation. All of the apparatus carrying the
Definition of ECC
blood outside of the body is termed the extracorporeal
(Extracorporeal Circulation)
circuit. Techniques include: Aphaeresis, auto transfusion,
hemodialysis, hemofiltration, plasmapheresis, ECMO,
and CPB
, A substance that prevents blood from clotting by
suppressing the synthesis or function of various clotting
factors. Anticoagulants are given to prevent thrombus
What is an anticoagulant? and are used in drawing, storing, and pumping blood.
There are 2 main types of anticoagulants: Heparin and
vitamin K antagonists (i.e. Warfarin). Heparin is always
the drug of choice for the ECMO circuit
Conventional ventricular support vs. Extracorporeal
What is CESAR? membrane oxygenation for severe adult respiratory
failure
When was the CESAR study 2009
published?
Deoxygenated blood is drained from one or more
major veins and oxygenated blood is returned to the
Define VV ECMO (Veno-
right atrium. This supports respiratory function only, and
veno)
requires the native heart to be able to function to
deliver oxygenated blood to the tissues
Deoxygenated blood is drained from one or more
Define AV ECMO (veno- major veins and oxygenated blood is pumped back into
arterial) a major artery, thus providing tissue perfusion in the
absence of native heart function
What is ELSO? Extracorpoeal Life Support Organization
When and where was ELSO 1989 in Ann Arbor, Michigan
founded?
What does ARDS stand acute respiratory distress syndrome
for?
Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal: selective
What is ECCO2R?
carbon dioxide removal
The more modern term for ECMO. Extracorporeal Life
Support that encompasses all extracorporeal
technologies and life support components including
What is ECLS?
oxygenation, carbon dioxide removal, and
hemodynamic support. Renal an liver support may also
be included.
Save
Terms in this set (83)
Transport is a complicated procedure when patients are
What are the 3 types of
on ECMO. Challenges are associated with: 1) intra-
transport for a patient on
hospital transport, 2) inter-hospital transport, and 3)
ECMO?
flight transport
The velocity at which the liquid moves in proportion to
Definition of shear rate the separation of the plates. Also known as velocity
gradient.
A force applied to an area of liquid confined between 2
Definition of shear stress
plates, sufficient to set a liquid in motion
shear stress = velocity x shear rate
What is the shear stress
equation? Shear stress is proportional to the shear rate, and the
coefficient of proportionality is the fluid viscosity.
The resistance to blood flow produced by any
membrane oxygenator. Each manufacturer provides
Definition of pressure drop pressure drop specifications for their membranes. If it is
exceeded, the membrane material may rupture during
the procedure.
Definition of long term FDA defines it as the device being in use >6 hours
support
The destruction of red blood cells, caused by the
Definition of hemolysis disruption of the cell membrane and resulting in the
release of hemoglobin
A procedure in which blood is taken from a patient's
circulation to have a process applied to it before it is
returned to circulation. All of the apparatus carrying the
Definition of ECC
blood outside of the body is termed the extracorporeal
(Extracorporeal Circulation)
circuit. Techniques include: Aphaeresis, auto transfusion,
hemodialysis, hemofiltration, plasmapheresis, ECMO,
and CPB
, A substance that prevents blood from clotting by
suppressing the synthesis or function of various clotting
factors. Anticoagulants are given to prevent thrombus
What is an anticoagulant? and are used in drawing, storing, and pumping blood.
There are 2 main types of anticoagulants: Heparin and
vitamin K antagonists (i.e. Warfarin). Heparin is always
the drug of choice for the ECMO circuit
Conventional ventricular support vs. Extracorporeal
What is CESAR? membrane oxygenation for severe adult respiratory
failure
When was the CESAR study 2009
published?
Deoxygenated blood is drained from one or more
major veins and oxygenated blood is returned to the
Define VV ECMO (Veno-
right atrium. This supports respiratory function only, and
veno)
requires the native heart to be able to function to
deliver oxygenated blood to the tissues
Deoxygenated blood is drained from one or more
Define AV ECMO (veno- major veins and oxygenated blood is pumped back into
arterial) a major artery, thus providing tissue perfusion in the
absence of native heart function
What is ELSO? Extracorpoeal Life Support Organization
When and where was ELSO 1989 in Ann Arbor, Michigan
founded?
What does ARDS stand acute respiratory distress syndrome
for?
Extracorporeal Carbon Dioxide Removal: selective
What is ECCO2R?
carbon dioxide removal
The more modern term for ECMO. Extracorporeal Life
Support that encompasses all extracorporeal
technologies and life support components including
What is ECLS?
oxygenation, carbon dioxide removal, and
hemodynamic support. Renal an liver support may also
be included.
