Genetics Exam test questions and
answers graded A+
What is an allele? Choose the best answer.
a. The genetic constitution of an individual organism
b. The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting on the interaction of its genotype
with the environment
c. A description of the environment that is affecting the phenotype
d. An alternating form of a gene
e. None of the above - ANS✅✅d. An alternating form of a gene
According to the early but incorrect concept of inheritance called pangenesis, genetic information
contained in different parts of the body was unique, and separately sent to the reproductive organs
to produce gametes.
True or False? - ANS✅✅True
Describe the EARLY BUT INCORRECT THEORY called "Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics".
a. The environment can turn on differential expression of genes
b. Gametes have tiny but fully formed organisms inside of them
c. Offspring inherit traits that were acquired or learned from their parents
d. Mutations occur randomly but may be subsequently selected for or against in the process of
evolution
e. None of the above - ANS✅✅c. Offspring inherit traits that were acquired or learned from their
parents
What are the 3 major subdisciplines of genetics? Select the three answers that are correct.
a. Transmission (classical) genetics
b. Metabolomics
c. Population genetics
d. Molecular genetics
, e. Biochemical genetics - ANS✅✅a. Transmission (classical) genetics
c. Population genetics
d. Molecular genetics
DNA nucleotides, once incorporated into DNA, are made of 3 components. What are they?
a. A pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group
b. A hexose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group
c. A pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and 3 phosphate groups
d. A pentose sugar, 2 nitrogenous bases, and a phosphate group
e. None of the above - ANS✅✅a. A pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group
The two strands of a DNA molecule are in an __ orientation relative to each other.
a. Parallel
b. Conservative
c. Semi-conservative
d. Antiparallel
e. Dispersive - ANS✅✅d. Antiparallel
Which of the following are differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? Mark the two
answers that are true.
a. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus and eukaryotic cells do not
b. Prokaryotes have membrane bound organelles but eukaryotic cells do not
c. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus but eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
d. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane bound organelles, but eukaryotic cells have them
e. None of the above - ANS✅✅c. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus but eukaryotic cells have a
nucleus
d. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane bound organelles, but eukaryotic cells have them
__ are pyrimidine nitrogenous bases that consist of a single ring; while __ are purine nitrogenous
bases that consist of 2 rings.
a. Adenine and guanine; Cytosine and thymine
b. Adenine and thymine; Cytosine and guanine
answers graded A+
What is an allele? Choose the best answer.
a. The genetic constitution of an individual organism
b. The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting on the interaction of its genotype
with the environment
c. A description of the environment that is affecting the phenotype
d. An alternating form of a gene
e. None of the above - ANS✅✅d. An alternating form of a gene
According to the early but incorrect concept of inheritance called pangenesis, genetic information
contained in different parts of the body was unique, and separately sent to the reproductive organs
to produce gametes.
True or False? - ANS✅✅True
Describe the EARLY BUT INCORRECT THEORY called "Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics".
a. The environment can turn on differential expression of genes
b. Gametes have tiny but fully formed organisms inside of them
c. Offspring inherit traits that were acquired or learned from their parents
d. Mutations occur randomly but may be subsequently selected for or against in the process of
evolution
e. None of the above - ANS✅✅c. Offspring inherit traits that were acquired or learned from their
parents
What are the 3 major subdisciplines of genetics? Select the three answers that are correct.
a. Transmission (classical) genetics
b. Metabolomics
c. Population genetics
d. Molecular genetics
, e. Biochemical genetics - ANS✅✅a. Transmission (classical) genetics
c. Population genetics
d. Molecular genetics
DNA nucleotides, once incorporated into DNA, are made of 3 components. What are they?
a. A pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group
b. A hexose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group
c. A pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and 3 phosphate groups
d. A pentose sugar, 2 nitrogenous bases, and a phosphate group
e. None of the above - ANS✅✅a. A pentose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group
The two strands of a DNA molecule are in an __ orientation relative to each other.
a. Parallel
b. Conservative
c. Semi-conservative
d. Antiparallel
e. Dispersive - ANS✅✅d. Antiparallel
Which of the following are differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? Mark the two
answers that are true.
a. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus and eukaryotic cells do not
b. Prokaryotes have membrane bound organelles but eukaryotic cells do not
c. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus but eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
d. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane bound organelles, but eukaryotic cells have them
e. None of the above - ANS✅✅c. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus but eukaryotic cells have a
nucleus
d. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane bound organelles, but eukaryotic cells have them
__ are pyrimidine nitrogenous bases that consist of a single ring; while __ are purine nitrogenous
bases that consist of 2 rings.
a. Adenine and guanine; Cytosine and thymine
b. Adenine and thymine; Cytosine and guanine
