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PSYC 230 – Cognitive Psychology Test 1 Review (100+ Questions) | History, Brain, Perception, Attention, Imagery | University of Illinois (UIUC)

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This document provides a detailed and exam-aligned set of 100+ review questions and fully explained answers for PSYC 230: Cognitive Psychology at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), specifically for Test 1 in the 2025/2026 academic year. It is ideal for students aiming for a strong foundation in the history, biological bases, and fundamental processes of cognitive psychology. Topics begin with the origins and evolution of cognitive psychology, including contributions from Wundt, Donders, Ebbinghaus, Watson, Skinner, and Chomsky, as well as the Cognitive Revolution and the information-processing model. The document delves into brain anatomy, neuronal communication, and research tools such as EEG, fMRI, MRI, and single-cell recording, alongside in-depth coverage of neuropsychological syndromes like Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia, and key brain regions (frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal lobes). Students will also find content on: Memory systems (Atkinson & Shiffrin, Tulving's episodic/semantic/procedural memory) Perception and sensation, including the inverse projection problem, bottom-up vs. top-down processing, and Bayesian inference Object recognition theories, Gestalt laws, perceptual grouping, and neural representation Mental imagery, including Kosslyn, Shepard & Metzler, Pylyshyn, and related experiments Attention theories (Broadbent’s early filter, Treisman’s attenuation model, McKay’s late selection) Divided attention, inattentional blindness/deafness, Stroop task, attentional blink, and covert/overt attention Real-world studies on attention and distraction—such as driving simulations and cell phone use—are also included to help bridge theory with application. This document is highly useful for: Psychology students at UIUC preparing for PSYC 230 Test 1 Neuroscience, behavioral science, and pre-health students needing an integrated understanding of cognition and brain systems Anyone seeking an exam-focused, research-supported cognitive psychology review guide Keywords: cognitive psychology, brain anatomy, attention models, perception, top-down processing, bottom-up processing, memory systems, EEG, fMRI, gestalt principles, object recognition, mental imagery, aphasia, broadbent model, treisman theory, dichotic listening, divided attention, Stroop effect, visual cortex, imagery vs perception, PSYC 230, UIUC

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PSYC 230 Test 1 2025/2026 Exam
Questions with 100% Correct Answers |
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What is cog psyc? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔branch of psych concerned with the

scientific study of the mind


cognition refers to - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔the mental processes such as

perception, attention, and memory


FC Donders - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔measured how long it takes a person to

make a decision - mental responses cannot be measured directly but can

be inferred. Determined it took 1/10th of a second


Willhelm Wundt - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔established first scientific psych lab,

developed structuralist approach, used analytic introspection

,Structuralism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔overall experience is determined by

combining basic elements of experience called sensations


analytic introspection - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔participants trained to describe

stimuli and thought processes in response to stimuli


Ebbinghaus - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔memory and forgetting - used himself as a

subject for studying memory of nonsense syllables


William James - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔early american psychologist who taught

the first psych course at harvard


John Watson - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔proposed behaviorism - said analytic

introspection had variable results and was difficult to verify results.


Behaviorism - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Proposed by john watson, eliminate the mind

as a topic of study, instead, study directly observable behavior


Watson and Rayner - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Little albert experiment - 9 month old

became frightened of rat paired with loud noise, associated the two.


Behaviorism approach was dominant from the - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1940s

through the 1960s

, Tolman - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔trained rats to find food in a four armed maze.

Idea of cognitive map within the rats mind.


Skinner vs chomsky - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔verbal behavior, argued children

learn language through operant conditioning. Chomsky argued that it is not

only due to these factors.


Cognitive revolution - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔around 1954, shift from behaviorists

stimulus-response and shifted to an information processing approach,

alongside introduction of the computer


Information processing approach - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔way to study the mind

based on insights associated with the digital computer. States that

operation of the mind occurs in stages


Atkinson and Shiffrin - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔sensory memory less than 1 second,

short term memory(a few seconds ago, limited capacity), long duration high

capacity


Tulving - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔divided long term memory into three components

(episodic, semantic, and procedural memory)


Main parts of a nueron - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔cell body/soma, axon, dendrites



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