HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is histology? - (ANSWER)The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - (ANSWER)A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - (ANSWER)Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - (ANSWER)Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal
organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - (ANSWER)Framework of the body. Provides support and
structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - (ANSWER)The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have? - (ANSWER)Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - (ANSWER)Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth &
cardiac)
What is meiosis? - (ANSWER)The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - (ANSWER)Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - (ANSWER)The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.
,HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is the dermis? - (ANSWER)The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve
endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - (ANSWER)Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - (ANSWER)Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - (ANSWER)Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood
vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - (ANSWER)ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - (ANSWER)Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - (ANSWER)Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells,
attracting bacteria that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete? - (ANSWER)They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which
lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil? - (ANSWER)Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - (ANSWER)Becoming clogged and attracting
bacteria.
, HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What protein composes the hair and skin? - (ANSWER)Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - (ANSWER)Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system? - (ANSWER)Support, movement, blood cell formation,
protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME BATHED
SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - (ANSWER)By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? - (ANSWER)Osteoblasts
What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone matrix? - (ANSWER)They stop
dividing but continue to maintain body tissues as osteocytes.
How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - (ANSWER)28 bones of the skull. 14-facial, 14-cranium.
How many bones make the facial skeleton? - (ANSWER)2 nasal bones
2 maxillary bones
2 zygomatic bones
1 mandible
What is histology? - (ANSWER)The study of tissues
What is a tissue? - (ANSWER)A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.
What are the fundamental tissues? - (ANSWER)Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve
(Elephants Can Make News)
What is the function of epithelial cells? - (ANSWER)Cover, line, and protect the body and the internal
organs.
What is the function of connective tissue? - (ANSWER)Framework of the body. Provides support and
structure to organs.
What is neuroglia? - (ANSWER)The neurons and connective tissue cells that compose nerve tissue.
What ability does muscle tissue have? - (ANSWER)Ability to contract and shorten.
What is muscle tissue classified as? - (ANSWER)Voluntary(skeletal muscles) and involuntary(smooth &
cardiac)
What is meiosis? - (ANSWER)The cell division that takes place in the gonads, i.e. the ovaries and testes.
What two layers compose the skin? - (ANSWER)Epidermis and dermis.
What is the epidermis? - (ANSWER)The outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.
,HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What is the dermis? - (ANSWER)The underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve
endings, and the associated skin tissues.
What are the layers of the epidermis? - (ANSWER)Corneum
Lucidum
Granulosum
Germivatum ( basale & spinosum)
Mnemonic: Candy Lions Growl Great.
What does the protein pigment melanin protect against? - (ANSWER)Radiation from the Sun
What is the dermis composed of? - (ANSWER)Fibrous connective tissue with nerve endings, blood
vessels, sensory nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.
What are the 2 types of sweat glands? - (ANSWER)ecrine & apocrine
What do ecrine sweat glands produce? - (ANSWER)Sweat. Regulate body temperature.
What do apocrine sweat glands produce? - (ANSWER)Secretions contain bits of cytoplasm from cells,
attracting bacteria that produces body odor.
What do sebaceous glands secrete? - (ANSWER)They secrete sebum through the hair follicles, which
lubricates the skin and prevents drying.
What secretion produces oil? - (ANSWER)Holocrine secretion.
What are sebaceous glands prone to during adolescence? - (ANSWER)Becoming clogged and attracting
bacteria.
, HESI A2 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What protein composes the hair and skin? - (ANSWER)Keratin
What makes the body's framework? - (ANSWER)Bone, cartilage, ligaments & joints.
What are the functions of the skeletal system? - (ANSWER)Support, movement, blood cell formation,
protection of internal organs, detoxification, muscle attachment, mineral storage. *A MIME BATHED
SEALS SINGING "MY PONY"*
How are bones classified? - (ANSWER)By shape.
Long
Short
flat
irregular
sesamoid
*LEMURS SING SALSA FOR INDIANS*
What is the name for the cells that compose compact bone? - (ANSWER)Osteoblasts
What occurs to osteoblasts when they become fixed in the dense bone matrix? - (ANSWER)They stop
dividing but continue to maintain body tissues as osteocytes.
How many bones make up the axial skeleton? - (ANSWER)28 bones of the skull. 14-facial, 14-cranium.
How many bones make the facial skeleton? - (ANSWER)2 nasal bones
2 maxillary bones
2 zygomatic bones
1 mandible
