HISTOLOGY NBME
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED
A+<RECENT VERSION>
1) granulosa cells - ANSWER greatest layer of estrogen secreting cells
2) predominant component of bone matrix - ANSWER 35% organic (type 1 collagen); 65%
inorganic material
3) contraction of myoepithelial cells - ANSWER oxytocin
4) Drooping of eyelids (myasthenia gravis) - ANSWER Ach receptor in post-synaptic cells is
blocked by auto-antibodies
5) Eosinophil photo function - ANSWER majority of circulating granulocyte classically
viewed as being involved in host defense against parasites and promoting allergic reactions
6) Cell membrane receptor for histamine and Ach located in - ANSWER gastric glands
7) Diffusion of gases in the blood-air barrier - ANSWER surfactant layer-> plasma
membrane-> cytoplasm-> fused basal laminar-> cytoplasm-> plasma membrane
8) Sebaceous glands secrete - ANSWER sebum/lipids
,9) Most susceptible to chemotherapeutic agents that targets dividing cell in the GIT? -
ANSWER Mucosa
10) Glucose passed the filtration barrier - ANSWER passes through the proximal convoluted
tubule
11) non-reabsorbed glucose is carried out of the kidney via - ANSWER PCT, loop of Henle,
DCT, collecting duct/ tubule
12) enzyme used for metastasis - ANSWER matrix metalloproteinases
13) breastfed newborn receive- ANSWER IgA
14) IgG - ANSWER only immunoglobin that passes the placental barrier
15) High concentration of nitrogen and creatine in the renal tubule - ANSWER elevated
creatine signifies impaired kidney function or kidney disease due to poor clearance of
creatine by the kidneys
16) stores calcium - ANSWER skeletal muscle
17) Acetylcholine release - ANSWER Ca2+ channels are localized around linear structures on
the pre-synaptic membrane called dense bars-> Vesicles fuse with the membrane in the
region of the dense bars-> Ach receptors located at top of subneural cleft-> Voltage gated
Na+ channels in bottom half of subneural cleft
18) Excitation contraction coupling "the triad" - ANSWER two terminal cisternae and one
transverse tubule
19) Summary of intracellular contraction relaxation step - ANSWER AP at NMJ travels over
surface skeletal muscle and down T-tubules where it terminates (AP does not spread across
surface sarcoplasmic reticulum - internal membrane)-> Dihydropyridine receptors in T-
tubular membrane are activated
➔ These receptors function as voltage sensors that pull junctional foot processes away
from Ryanodine calcium-release channels in SR-> Ca⁺⁺ which is stored in SR, mainly
cisternae, is released into intracellular environment and diffuses toward Troponin->
, Ca⁺⁺ binds to Troponin, causing Tropomyosin to move and expose attachment sites
for myosin cross-bridges
20) Degradation of misfolded proteins - ANSWER ubiquitination/proteasomes
21) Rapid Movement of glucose in the CM - ANSWER Facilitated diffusion
22) differentiates capillaries in the brain from those in the gut - ANSWER absence of the
endothelial cell membrane fenestrations
23) Site of ADH action - ANSWER collecting tubules/ collecting ducts
24) tight junctions in the GIT - ANSWER in between enterocytes
25) completion of meiosis occurs in - ANSWER uterine tube/ fallopian tube
26) if block ADH and oxytocin - ANSWER less water is reabsorbed; less contraction of
myoepithelial cells in the mammary gland acinus
27) Botulism - ANSWER botulism inhibits the release within the nervous system of Ach;
decrease muscle contraction
28) synthesis of LDL receptors occurs - ANSWER by the endothelial cells, low intracellular
cholesterol, its synthesis begins in the cytosol at the free ribosomes and completed on the
ribosomes bound to RER
29) The blood brain barrier excluded which of the following molecules from the brain
parenchyma - ANSWER Albumin, protein; it allows the passage of water, some gasses,
and lipid-soluble molecules by passive diffusion, as well as selective transport of molecules
such as glucose and amino acids that are crucial to neural function
30) Theca cells (aromatization) - ANSWER estrogen
, 31) Function of basal membrane infoldings - ANSWER increase surface area
32) resin secreting cells located in - ANSWER afferent arteriole
33) organelle found in both axon and axon terminal - ANSWER mitochondria
34) Roles of goblet cells in normal respiration - ANSWER secrete mucous
35) increase in troponin from - ANSWER A biomarker of heart disorders, the most important
of which is myocardial infarction. These raised levels indicate cardiac muscle cell death.
36) creatine kinase from? - ANSWER damaged cell membrane, mitochondria
37) insulin is secreted by - ANSWER beta cells
38) In the CNS, the term "nucleus" refers to which of the following?
A. Bundle of functionally related axons
B. Aggregate of pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex
C. Bundle of functionally related dendrites
D. Cluster of functionally related neuronal cell bodies
E. A and C are correct
F. B and D are correct - ANSWER D. Cluster of functionally related
neuronal cell bodies
39) Which of the following best describes the function of nodes of Ranvier in the peripheral
nervous system?
A. Release and degradation of neurotransmitters
B. Saltatory conduction of nerve impulse
C. Uptake of O2 and nutrients
D. Formation of neuromuscular junction
E. A and C are correct
F. B and D are correct - ANSWER B. Saltatory conduction of nerve impulse
40) Which of the following structures is a component of the CNS?
A. Dorsal root ganglion
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED
A+<RECENT VERSION>
1) granulosa cells - ANSWER greatest layer of estrogen secreting cells
2) predominant component of bone matrix - ANSWER 35% organic (type 1 collagen); 65%
inorganic material
3) contraction of myoepithelial cells - ANSWER oxytocin
4) Drooping of eyelids (myasthenia gravis) - ANSWER Ach receptor in post-synaptic cells is
blocked by auto-antibodies
5) Eosinophil photo function - ANSWER majority of circulating granulocyte classically
viewed as being involved in host defense against parasites and promoting allergic reactions
6) Cell membrane receptor for histamine and Ach located in - ANSWER gastric glands
7) Diffusion of gases in the blood-air barrier - ANSWER surfactant layer-> plasma
membrane-> cytoplasm-> fused basal laminar-> cytoplasm-> plasma membrane
8) Sebaceous glands secrete - ANSWER sebum/lipids
,9) Most susceptible to chemotherapeutic agents that targets dividing cell in the GIT? -
ANSWER Mucosa
10) Glucose passed the filtration barrier - ANSWER passes through the proximal convoluted
tubule
11) non-reabsorbed glucose is carried out of the kidney via - ANSWER PCT, loop of Henle,
DCT, collecting duct/ tubule
12) enzyme used for metastasis - ANSWER matrix metalloproteinases
13) breastfed newborn receive- ANSWER IgA
14) IgG - ANSWER only immunoglobin that passes the placental barrier
15) High concentration of nitrogen and creatine in the renal tubule - ANSWER elevated
creatine signifies impaired kidney function or kidney disease due to poor clearance of
creatine by the kidneys
16) stores calcium - ANSWER skeletal muscle
17) Acetylcholine release - ANSWER Ca2+ channels are localized around linear structures on
the pre-synaptic membrane called dense bars-> Vesicles fuse with the membrane in the
region of the dense bars-> Ach receptors located at top of subneural cleft-> Voltage gated
Na+ channels in bottom half of subneural cleft
18) Excitation contraction coupling "the triad" - ANSWER two terminal cisternae and one
transverse tubule
19) Summary of intracellular contraction relaxation step - ANSWER AP at NMJ travels over
surface skeletal muscle and down T-tubules where it terminates (AP does not spread across
surface sarcoplasmic reticulum - internal membrane)-> Dihydropyridine receptors in T-
tubular membrane are activated
➔ These receptors function as voltage sensors that pull junctional foot processes away
from Ryanodine calcium-release channels in SR-> Ca⁺⁺ which is stored in SR, mainly
cisternae, is released into intracellular environment and diffuses toward Troponin->
, Ca⁺⁺ binds to Troponin, causing Tropomyosin to move and expose attachment sites
for myosin cross-bridges
20) Degradation of misfolded proteins - ANSWER ubiquitination/proteasomes
21) Rapid Movement of glucose in the CM - ANSWER Facilitated diffusion
22) differentiates capillaries in the brain from those in the gut - ANSWER absence of the
endothelial cell membrane fenestrations
23) Site of ADH action - ANSWER collecting tubules/ collecting ducts
24) tight junctions in the GIT - ANSWER in between enterocytes
25) completion of meiosis occurs in - ANSWER uterine tube/ fallopian tube
26) if block ADH and oxytocin - ANSWER less water is reabsorbed; less contraction of
myoepithelial cells in the mammary gland acinus
27) Botulism - ANSWER botulism inhibits the release within the nervous system of Ach;
decrease muscle contraction
28) synthesis of LDL receptors occurs - ANSWER by the endothelial cells, low intracellular
cholesterol, its synthesis begins in the cytosol at the free ribosomes and completed on the
ribosomes bound to RER
29) The blood brain barrier excluded which of the following molecules from the brain
parenchyma - ANSWER Albumin, protein; it allows the passage of water, some gasses,
and lipid-soluble molecules by passive diffusion, as well as selective transport of molecules
such as glucose and amino acids that are crucial to neural function
30) Theca cells (aromatization) - ANSWER estrogen
, 31) Function of basal membrane infoldings - ANSWER increase surface area
32) resin secreting cells located in - ANSWER afferent arteriole
33) organelle found in both axon and axon terminal - ANSWER mitochondria
34) Roles of goblet cells in normal respiration - ANSWER secrete mucous
35) increase in troponin from - ANSWER A biomarker of heart disorders, the most important
of which is myocardial infarction. These raised levels indicate cardiac muscle cell death.
36) creatine kinase from? - ANSWER damaged cell membrane, mitochondria
37) insulin is secreted by - ANSWER beta cells
38) In the CNS, the term "nucleus" refers to which of the following?
A. Bundle of functionally related axons
B. Aggregate of pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex
C. Bundle of functionally related dendrites
D. Cluster of functionally related neuronal cell bodies
E. A and C are correct
F. B and D are correct - ANSWER D. Cluster of functionally related
neuronal cell bodies
39) Which of the following best describes the function of nodes of Ranvier in the peripheral
nervous system?
A. Release and degradation of neurotransmitters
B. Saltatory conduction of nerve impulse
C. Uptake of O2 and nutrients
D. Formation of neuromuscular junction
E. A and C are correct
F. B and D are correct - ANSWER B. Saltatory conduction of nerve impulse
40) Which of the following structures is a component of the CNS?
A. Dorsal root ganglion
