lOMoAR cPSD| 61157369
scholarmind
, lOMoAR cPSD| 61157369
kr
Maternal OB Testbank - kr kr kr
Test bank questions and answers with rationales
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
Chapter 07: Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy
kr kr kr kr kr kr krkrkr
Perry: Maternal Child Nursing Care, 7th Edition
kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
MULTIPLE CHOICE kr krkr
1. A woman‘s obstetric history indicates that she is pregnant for the fourth time and all of her childr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
en from previous pregnancies are living. One was born at 39 weeks of gestation, twins were born
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr k
at 34 weeks of gestation, and another child was born at 35 weeks of gestation. What is her gravid
r kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
ity and parity using the GTPAL system?
kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. 3-1-1-1-3 krkr
b. 4-1-2-0-4 krkr
c. 3-0-3-0-3 krkr
d. 4-2-1-0-3 krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
The correct calculation of this woman‘s gravidity and parity is 4-1-2-0-
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
4. The numbers reflect the woman‘s gravidity and parity information. Using the GPTAL system, her info
kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
rmation is calculated as: kr krkr kr krkr
G: The first number reflects the total number of times the woman has been pregnant; she is pregnant f
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
or the fourth time. kr kr kr krkr
T: This number indicates the number of pregnancies carried to term, not the number of deliveries at te
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
rm; only one of her pregnancies has resulted in a fetus at term.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
P: This is the number of pregnancies that resulted in a preterm birth; the woman has had two pregnan
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
cies in which she delivered preterm. kr kr kr kr kr krkr
A: This number signifies whether the woman has had any abortions or miscarriages before the period
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
of viability; she has not. kr kr kr kr krkr
L: This number signifies the number of children born who are currently living; the woman has four ch
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
kr
ildren. krkr
2. A woman at 10 weeks of gestation who is seen in the prenatal clinic with presumptive signs and s
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
ymptoms of pregnancy likely will have kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. amenorrhea. krkr
b. positive pregnancy test. kr kr krkr
c. Chadwick‘s sign. kr krkr
d. Hegar‘s sign. kr krkr
ANS: A kr krkr
Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign of pregnancy. Presumptive signs of pregnancy are felt by the woman.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
A positive pregnancy test, the presence of Chadwick‘s sign, and the presence of Hegar‘s sign are all prob
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr
able signs of pregnancy.
kr
kr kr kr krkr
3. The nurse teaches a pregnant woman about the presumptive, probable, and positive signs of pre
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
gnancy. The woman demonstrates understanding of the nurse‘s instructions if she states that a p
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
ositive sign of pregnancy is kr kr kr kr krkr
a. a positive pregnancy test. kr kr kr krkr
b. fetal movement palpated by the nurse-midwife. kr kr kr kr kr krkr
c. Braxton Hicks contractions. kr kr krkr
d. quickening. krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
Positive signs of pregnancy are attributed to the presence of a fetus, such as hearing the fetal heartbeat or
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
palpating fetal movement. A positive pregnancy test and Braxton Hicks contractions are probable signs o
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
f pregnancy. Quickening is a presumptive sign of pregnancy.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
scholarmind
, lOMoAR cPSD| 61157369
kr
4. A woman is at 14 weeks of gestation. The nurse would expect to palpate the fundus at which level
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
? krkr
a. Not palpable above the symphysis at this time kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
b. Slightly above the symphysis pubis kr kr kr kr krkr
c. At the level of the umbilicus kr kr kr kr kr krkr
d. Slightly above the umbilicus kr kr kr krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
In normal pregnancies, the uterus grows at a predictable rate. It may be palpated above the symphysis pub
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
is sometime between the 12th and 14th weeks of pregnancy. As the uterus grows, it may be palpated abov
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
e the symphysis pubis sometime between the 12th and 14th weeks of pregnancy. The uterus rises graduall
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
y to the level of the umbilicus at 22 to 24 weeks of gestation.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
5. During a patient‘s physical examination, the nurse notes that the lower uterine segment is soft o
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
n palpation. The nurse would document this finding as
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. Hegar‘s sign. kr krkr
b. McDonald‘s sign. kr krkr
c. Chadwick‘s sign. kr krkr
d. Goodell‘s sign. kr krkr
ANS: A kr krkr
At approximately 6 weeks of gestation, softening and compressibility of the lower uterine segment occur
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
s; this is called Hegar’s sign. McDonald‘s sign is not a sign of pregnancy. McDonald's rule is a method us
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr
ed to estimate the gestational age of a fetus by measuring the distance from the top of the uterus to the pubi
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
c bone. This measurement is typically done during prenatal exams. Chadwick‘s sign is the blue-
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
violet coloring of the cervix caused by increased vascularity; this occurs around the fourth week of gestat
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr
ion. Softening of the cervical tip is called Goodell‘s sign, which may be observed around the sixth week
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
of pregnancy.
kr
kr krkr
6. Cardiovascular system changes occur during pregnancy. Which finding would be considered no kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
rmal for a woman in her second trimester? kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. Less audible heart sounds (S1, S2) kr kr kr kr kr krkr
b. Increased pulse rate kr kr krkr
c. Increased blood pressure kr kr krkr
d. Decreased red blood cell (RBC) production kr kr kr kr kr krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
Between 14 and 20 weeks of gestation, the pulse increases about 10 to 15 beats/min, which persists to ter
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
m. Splitting of S1 and S2 is more audible. In the first trimester, blood pressure usually remains the same a
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr
s at the prepregnancy level, but it gradually decreases up to about
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkrkr
20 weeks of gestation. During the second trimester, both the systolic and the diastolic pressures de
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
crease by about 5 to 10 mm Hg. Production of RBCs accelerates during pregnancy.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr krkr
7. Numerous changes in the integumentary system occur during pregnancy. Which change persists kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr k
after birth?
r kr krkr
a. Epulis krkr
b. Chloasma krkr
c. Telangiectasia krkr
d. Striae gravidarum kr krkr
ANS: D kr krkr
Striae gravidarum, or stretch marks, reflect separation within the underlying connective tissue of the skin.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
They usually fade after birth, although they never disappear completely. An epulis is a red, raised nodule
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr
on the gums that bleeds easily. Chloasma, or mask of pregnancy, is a blotchy, brown hyperpigmentation o
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr
f the skin over the cheeks, nose, and forehead, especially in dark-
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
complexioned pregnant women. Chloasma usually fades after the birth. Telangiectasia, or vascular spide kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
rs, are tiny, star-shaped or branch-like, slightly raised, pulsating end-
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
arterioles usually found on the neck, thorax, face, and arms. They occur as a result of elevated levels of cir
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr
culating estrogen. These usually disappear after birth.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
scholarmind
, lOMoAR cPSD| 61157369
kr
8. The musculoskeletal system adapts to the changes that occur during pregnancy. A woman can ex
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
pect to experience what change? kr kr kr kr krkr
a. Her center of gravity will shift backward. kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
b. She will have increased lordosis. kr kr kr kr krkr
c. She will have increased abdominal muscle tone. kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
d. She will notice decreased mobility of her pelvic joints. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
An increase in the normal lumbosacral curve (lordosis) develops, and a compensatory curvature in the cer
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
vicodorsal region develops to help the woman maintain her balance. The center of gravity shifts forward.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
She will have decreased muscle tone. She will notice increased mobility of her pelvic joints.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
9. A 31-year- kr
old woman believes that she may be pregnant. She took an OTC pregnancy test 1 week ago after
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr
missing her period; the test was positive. During her assessment interview, the nurse enquires ab
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
out the woman‘s last menstrual period and asks whether she is taking any medications. The wo
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
man states that she takes medicine for epilepsy. She has been under considerable stress lately at
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr
work and has not been sleeping well. She also has a history of irregular periods. Her physical exa
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr
mination does not indicate that she is pregnant. She has an ultrasound scan that reveals she is no
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr
t pregnant. What is the most likely cause of the false-positive pregnancy test result?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. She took the pregnancy test too early. kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
b. She takes anticonvulsants. kr kr krkr
c. She has a fibroid tumor. kr kr kr kr krkr
d. She has been under considerable stress and has a hormone imbalance. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
Anticonvulsants may cause false-positive pregnancy test results. OTC pregnancy tests use enzyme- kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
linked immunosorbent assay technology, which can yield positive results 4 days after implantation. Impl
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
antation occurs 6 to 10 days after conception. If the woman were pregnant, she would be into her third we
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr
ek at this point (having missed her period 1 week ago). Fibroid tumors do not produce hormones and have
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr
no bearing on hCG pregnancy tests. Although stress may interrupt normal hormone cycles (menstrual cy
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
cles), it does not affect human chorionic gonadotropin levels or produce positive pregnancy test results.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
10. A woman is in her seventh month of pregnancy. She has been reporting nasal congestion and occ
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
asional epistaxis. The nurse suspects that kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. This is a normal respiratory change in pregnancy caused by elevated levels of estrogen. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr krkr
b. This is an abnormal cardiovascular change, and the nosebleeds are an ominous sign. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
c. The woman is a victim of domestic violence and is being hit in the face by her partner. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr krkr
d. The woman has been using cocaine intranasally. kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
ANS: A kr krkr
Elevated levels of estrogen cause capillaries to become engorged in the respiratory tract. This may result
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
in edema in the nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. This congestion may cause nasal stuffiness and epista
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr
xis. Cardiovascular changes in pregnancy may cause edema in lower extremities.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
Determining that the woman is a victim of domestic violence and was hit in the face cannot be made on th
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr
e basis of the sparse facts provided. If the woman had been hit in the face, she most likely would have addi
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
tional physical findings. Determination of the use of cocaine by the woman cannot be made on the basis o
kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
f the sparse facts provided.
kr
kr kr kr kr krkr
11. The nurse caring for the pregnant patient must understand that the hormone essential for maint
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
aining pregnancy is kr kr krkr
a. estrogen. krkr
b. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). kr kr kr krkr
c. oxytocin. krkr
d. progesterone. krkr
ANS: D kr krkr
Progesterone is essential for maintaining pregnancy; it does so by relaxing smooth muscles. This kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
scholarmind
scholarmind
, lOMoAR cPSD| 61157369
kr
Maternal OB Testbank - kr kr kr
Test bank questions and answers with rationales
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
Chapter 07: Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy
kr kr kr kr kr kr krkrkr
Perry: Maternal Child Nursing Care, 7th Edition
kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
MULTIPLE CHOICE kr krkr
1. A woman‘s obstetric history indicates that she is pregnant for the fourth time and all of her childr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
en from previous pregnancies are living. One was born at 39 weeks of gestation, twins were born
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr k
at 34 weeks of gestation, and another child was born at 35 weeks of gestation. What is her gravid
r kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
ity and parity using the GTPAL system?
kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. 3-1-1-1-3 krkr
b. 4-1-2-0-4 krkr
c. 3-0-3-0-3 krkr
d. 4-2-1-0-3 krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
The correct calculation of this woman‘s gravidity and parity is 4-1-2-0-
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
4. The numbers reflect the woman‘s gravidity and parity information. Using the GPTAL system, her info
kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
rmation is calculated as: kr krkr kr krkr
G: The first number reflects the total number of times the woman has been pregnant; she is pregnant f
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
or the fourth time. kr kr kr krkr
T: This number indicates the number of pregnancies carried to term, not the number of deliveries at te
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
rm; only one of her pregnancies has resulted in a fetus at term.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
P: This is the number of pregnancies that resulted in a preterm birth; the woman has had two pregnan
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
cies in which she delivered preterm. kr kr kr kr kr krkr
A: This number signifies whether the woman has had any abortions or miscarriages before the period
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
of viability; she has not. kr kr kr kr krkr
L: This number signifies the number of children born who are currently living; the woman has four ch
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
kr
ildren. krkr
2. A woman at 10 weeks of gestation who is seen in the prenatal clinic with presumptive signs and s
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
ymptoms of pregnancy likely will have kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. amenorrhea. krkr
b. positive pregnancy test. kr kr krkr
c. Chadwick‘s sign. kr krkr
d. Hegar‘s sign. kr krkr
ANS: A kr krkr
Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign of pregnancy. Presumptive signs of pregnancy are felt by the woman.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
A positive pregnancy test, the presence of Chadwick‘s sign, and the presence of Hegar‘s sign are all prob
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr
able signs of pregnancy.
kr
kr kr kr krkr
3. The nurse teaches a pregnant woman about the presumptive, probable, and positive signs of pre
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
gnancy. The woman demonstrates understanding of the nurse‘s instructions if she states that a p
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
ositive sign of pregnancy is kr kr kr kr krkr
a. a positive pregnancy test. kr kr kr krkr
b. fetal movement palpated by the nurse-midwife. kr kr kr kr kr krkr
c. Braxton Hicks contractions. kr kr krkr
d. quickening. krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
Positive signs of pregnancy are attributed to the presence of a fetus, such as hearing the fetal heartbeat or
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
palpating fetal movement. A positive pregnancy test and Braxton Hicks contractions are probable signs o
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
f pregnancy. Quickening is a presumptive sign of pregnancy.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
scholarmind
, lOMoAR cPSD| 61157369
kr
4. A woman is at 14 weeks of gestation. The nurse would expect to palpate the fundus at which level
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
? krkr
a. Not palpable above the symphysis at this time kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
b. Slightly above the symphysis pubis kr kr kr kr krkr
c. At the level of the umbilicus kr kr kr kr kr krkr
d. Slightly above the umbilicus kr kr kr krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
In normal pregnancies, the uterus grows at a predictable rate. It may be palpated above the symphysis pub
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
is sometime between the 12th and 14th weeks of pregnancy. As the uterus grows, it may be palpated abov
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
e the symphysis pubis sometime between the 12th and 14th weeks of pregnancy. The uterus rises graduall
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
y to the level of the umbilicus at 22 to 24 weeks of gestation.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
5. During a patient‘s physical examination, the nurse notes that the lower uterine segment is soft o
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
n palpation. The nurse would document this finding as
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. Hegar‘s sign. kr krkr
b. McDonald‘s sign. kr krkr
c. Chadwick‘s sign. kr krkr
d. Goodell‘s sign. kr krkr
ANS: A kr krkr
At approximately 6 weeks of gestation, softening and compressibility of the lower uterine segment occur
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
s; this is called Hegar’s sign. McDonald‘s sign is not a sign of pregnancy. McDonald's rule is a method us
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr
ed to estimate the gestational age of a fetus by measuring the distance from the top of the uterus to the pubi
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
c bone. This measurement is typically done during prenatal exams. Chadwick‘s sign is the blue-
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
violet coloring of the cervix caused by increased vascularity; this occurs around the fourth week of gestat
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr
ion. Softening of the cervical tip is called Goodell‘s sign, which may be observed around the sixth week
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
of pregnancy.
kr
kr krkr
6. Cardiovascular system changes occur during pregnancy. Which finding would be considered no kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
rmal for a woman in her second trimester? kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. Less audible heart sounds (S1, S2) kr kr kr kr kr krkr
b. Increased pulse rate kr kr krkr
c. Increased blood pressure kr kr krkr
d. Decreased red blood cell (RBC) production kr kr kr kr kr krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
Between 14 and 20 weeks of gestation, the pulse increases about 10 to 15 beats/min, which persists to ter
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
m. Splitting of S1 and S2 is more audible. In the first trimester, blood pressure usually remains the same a
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr
s at the prepregnancy level, but it gradually decreases up to about
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkrkr
20 weeks of gestation. During the second trimester, both the systolic and the diastolic pressures de
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
crease by about 5 to 10 mm Hg. Production of RBCs accelerates during pregnancy.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr krkr
7. Numerous changes in the integumentary system occur during pregnancy. Which change persists kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr k
after birth?
r kr krkr
a. Epulis krkr
b. Chloasma krkr
c. Telangiectasia krkr
d. Striae gravidarum kr krkr
ANS: D kr krkr
Striae gravidarum, or stretch marks, reflect separation within the underlying connective tissue of the skin.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
They usually fade after birth, although they never disappear completely. An epulis is a red, raised nodule
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr
on the gums that bleeds easily. Chloasma, or mask of pregnancy, is a blotchy, brown hyperpigmentation o
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr
f the skin over the cheeks, nose, and forehead, especially in dark-
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
complexioned pregnant women. Chloasma usually fades after the birth. Telangiectasia, or vascular spide kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
rs, are tiny, star-shaped or branch-like, slightly raised, pulsating end-
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
arterioles usually found on the neck, thorax, face, and arms. They occur as a result of elevated levels of cir
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr
culating estrogen. These usually disappear after birth.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
scholarmind
, lOMoAR cPSD| 61157369
kr
8. The musculoskeletal system adapts to the changes that occur during pregnancy. A woman can ex
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
pect to experience what change? kr kr kr kr krkr
a. Her center of gravity will shift backward. kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
b. She will have increased lordosis. kr kr kr kr krkr
c. She will have increased abdominal muscle tone. kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
d. She will notice decreased mobility of her pelvic joints. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
An increase in the normal lumbosacral curve (lordosis) develops, and a compensatory curvature in the cer
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
vicodorsal region develops to help the woman maintain her balance. The center of gravity shifts forward.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
She will have decreased muscle tone. She will notice increased mobility of her pelvic joints.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
9. A 31-year- kr
old woman believes that she may be pregnant. She took an OTC pregnancy test 1 week ago after
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr
missing her period; the test was positive. During her assessment interview, the nurse enquires ab
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
out the woman‘s last menstrual period and asks whether she is taking any medications. The wo
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
man states that she takes medicine for epilepsy. She has been under considerable stress lately at
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr
work and has not been sleeping well. She also has a history of irregular periods. Her physical exa
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr
mination does not indicate that she is pregnant. She has an ultrasound scan that reveals she is no
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr
t pregnant. What is the most likely cause of the false-positive pregnancy test result?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. She took the pregnancy test too early. kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
b. She takes anticonvulsants. kr kr krkr
c. She has a fibroid tumor. kr kr kr kr krkr
d. She has been under considerable stress and has a hormone imbalance. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
ANS: B kr krkr
Anticonvulsants may cause false-positive pregnancy test results. OTC pregnancy tests use enzyme- kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
linked immunosorbent assay technology, which can yield positive results 4 days after implantation. Impl
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
antation occurs 6 to 10 days after conception. If the woman were pregnant, she would be into her third we
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr
ek at this point (having missed her period 1 week ago). Fibroid tumors do not produce hormones and have
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr
no bearing on hCG pregnancy tests. Although stress may interrupt normal hormone cycles (menstrual cy
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
cles), it does not affect human chorionic gonadotropin levels or produce positive pregnancy test results.
kr
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
10. A woman is in her seventh month of pregnancy. She has been reporting nasal congestion and occ
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
asional epistaxis. The nurse suspects that kr kr kr kr kr krkr
a. This is a normal respiratory change in pregnancy caused by elevated levels of estrogen. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr krkr
b. This is an abnormal cardiovascular change, and the nosebleeds are an ominous sign. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
c. The woman is a victim of domestic violence and is being hit in the face by her partner. kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr krkr
d. The woman has been using cocaine intranasally. kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr
ANS: A kr krkr
Elevated levels of estrogen cause capillaries to become engorged in the respiratory tract. This may result
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr
in edema in the nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. This congestion may cause nasal stuffiness and epista
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr kr kr
xis. Cardiovascular changes in pregnancy may cause edema in lower extremities.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr
Determining that the woman is a victim of domestic violence and was hit in the face cannot be made on th
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e basis of the sparse facts provided. If the woman had been hit in the face, she most likely would have addi
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tional physical findings. Determination of the use of cocaine by the woman cannot be made on the basis o
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f the sparse facts provided.
kr
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11. The nurse caring for the pregnant patient must understand that the hormone essential for maint
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aining pregnancy is kr kr krkr
a. estrogen. krkr
b. human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). kr kr kr krkr
c. oxytocin. krkr
d. progesterone. krkr
ANS: D kr krkr
Progesterone is essential for maintaining pregnancy; it does so by relaxing smooth muscles. This kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr krkr kr
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