Statistics Final Exam 2025 –
Complete Study Guide &
Practice Questions REAL
EXAM!!
What is divergent validity? - ANSWER ✔---When a scale does not correlate with unrelated
constructs, indicating distinctiveness.
What does full mediation mean? - ANSWER ✔---The mediator fully accounts for the relationship
between the IV and DV (the effect of X on Y is fully explained by a third variable). The direct effect is no
longer significant. once the mediator is taken into account.
, If an interaction term in a factorial ANOVA is significant, how should you interpret any significant main
effects? - ANSWER ✔---Carefully or not at all. The interaction term meANSWER that the main
effects cannot be assessed independently without taking the interaction into account.
//
the effect of one independent variable on the dependent variable depends on the level of the other
independent variable.
What is the main purpose of testing for moderation? - ANSWER ✔---To examine whether the
strength or direction of a relationship between two variables depends on a third variable (the
moderator).
In EFA, what is a commonly accepted minimum factor loading for retaining an item in a factor? -
ANSWER ✔---In EFA, a loading of .40 or higher is acceptable, but .30 can be used in exploratory
contexts.
What's a confounding variable? - ANSWER ✔---A variable that influences both the IV and DV,
potentially distorting results.
//
3rd variable that influences the association between the IV and DV
What is a dependent variable? - ANSWER ✔---The outcome variable that is measured to assess the
effect of the predictor variable (IV).
What is the purpose of factor rotation in EFA? - ANSWER ✔---To make the factor structure more
interpretable by simplifying and clarifying which items load on which factors.
What is a histogram? - ANSWER ✔---A bar graph that shows the frequency of values in intervals for
one continuous variable.
What term describes the interaction between predictor and moderator is a moderation model? -
ANSWER ✔---The interaction effect.
Complete Study Guide &
Practice Questions REAL
EXAM!!
What is divergent validity? - ANSWER ✔---When a scale does not correlate with unrelated
constructs, indicating distinctiveness.
What does full mediation mean? - ANSWER ✔---The mediator fully accounts for the relationship
between the IV and DV (the effect of X on Y is fully explained by a third variable). The direct effect is no
longer significant. once the mediator is taken into account.
, If an interaction term in a factorial ANOVA is significant, how should you interpret any significant main
effects? - ANSWER ✔---Carefully or not at all. The interaction term meANSWER that the main
effects cannot be assessed independently without taking the interaction into account.
//
the effect of one independent variable on the dependent variable depends on the level of the other
independent variable.
What is the main purpose of testing for moderation? - ANSWER ✔---To examine whether the
strength or direction of a relationship between two variables depends on a third variable (the
moderator).
In EFA, what is a commonly accepted minimum factor loading for retaining an item in a factor? -
ANSWER ✔---In EFA, a loading of .40 or higher is acceptable, but .30 can be used in exploratory
contexts.
What's a confounding variable? - ANSWER ✔---A variable that influences both the IV and DV,
potentially distorting results.
//
3rd variable that influences the association between the IV and DV
What is a dependent variable? - ANSWER ✔---The outcome variable that is measured to assess the
effect of the predictor variable (IV).
What is the purpose of factor rotation in EFA? - ANSWER ✔---To make the factor structure more
interpretable by simplifying and clarifying which items load on which factors.
What is a histogram? - ANSWER ✔---A bar graph that shows the frequency of values in intervals for
one continuous variable.
What term describes the interaction between predictor and moderator is a moderation model? -
ANSWER ✔---The interaction effect.
