NSC 832 Quiz #3
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1. Articular Structures: ones that move; include joint capsule and articular cartilage, synovium and synovial
fluid, intra-articular ligaments, and juxta-articular bone
2. Extra-articular Structures: include periarticular ligaments, tendons, bursae, muscle, fascia, bone, nerve,
and overlying skin
3. Ligaments: ropelike bundles of collagen fibrils that connect bone to bone
4. Tendons: collagen fibers connecting muscle to bone
5. Cartilage: collagen matrix overlying bony surfaces
6. Bursae: puches of synovial fluid that cushion the movement of tendons and muscles over bone or other joint
structures
7. What are the 3 types of joints?: 1) synovial
2) cartilaginous
3) fibrous
8. Synovial joint: joint is freely movable
9. Cartilaginous joint: joint is slightly movable; vertebral bodies of the spine
10. Fibrous joint: joint is immovable; sutures of the skull
11. Types of Synovial joints: -spheroidal - ball and socket (hip and shoulder)
-hinge - one plane (elbow, digits)
-condylar - articulating surfaces that are convex or concave (knee, TMJ)
12. What type of joint is the knee and the TMJ?: in structure, it is a condylar joint, but in function,
it is a hinge joint
13. Goniometer: measures angle of joint (see how much ROM each joint has), used more by PT
14. Scoliometer: used to measure scoliosis; used to gauge the change from one visit to the other
15. Musculoskeletal System Assessment: Inspection: -swelling, erythema, symmetry, deformi-
ty
-ROM
-posture: head position, alignment
-spinal curves: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral
-spinal deformities: kyphosis, scoliosis, lordosis
16. Musculoskeletal System Assessment: Inspection- standing: -shape of legs: genu
varum- bowlegs (air between knees), genu valgum-knock knees (gum sticks together)
-toeing
, NSC 832 Quiz #3
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-width of stance-base of support
-gait: cadence- stride length, arm swing, speed
17. Musculoskeletal System Assessment: Palpation: -muscle tone & strength: upper and lower
extremities
-joint crepitus
-swelling-effusion, bogginess
-warmth-back of hand
-tenderness
-stability- check for laxity
18. Signs of Inflammation: -swelling
-warmth
-erythema
-pain or tenderness
19. What could a single transverse palmer crease be associated with?: down syn-
drome
fetal alcohol syndrome
20. What tests do you perform for carpal tunnel syndrome?: Tinel's (tap) and Phalens
21. Tinel's (tap): tap flexor retinaculum (increases inflammation in that area); tests for carpal tunnel syndrome
22. What are common findings in Osteoarthritis?: Heberdens and Bouchard's nodes
23. Rheumatoid Arthritis Deformities: swan neck and boutonniere deformities
24. What tests do you perform to determine developmental dysplasia of the hip
(DDH)?: barlow test and ortolani test
-allis sign and asymmetric thigh folds are also signs of this
25. What is the medical term for a bunion?: halux valgus
26. Musculoskeletal Changes in the Older Adult: -decreasing height occurs in trunk due to
thinning of intervertebral discs *always check height in older adults
-muscles lose bulk
-decreased ROM common due to osteoarthritis
27. Axons: long fibers that transmit nerve impulses
28. White matter: neuronal axons, coated with myelin
29. Motor cortex: in frontal lobe; voluntary movement
30. Sensory cortex: in parietal lobe; processes tactile sensory information
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_drxa50
1. Articular Structures: ones that move; include joint capsule and articular cartilage, synovium and synovial
fluid, intra-articular ligaments, and juxta-articular bone
2. Extra-articular Structures: include periarticular ligaments, tendons, bursae, muscle, fascia, bone, nerve,
and overlying skin
3. Ligaments: ropelike bundles of collagen fibrils that connect bone to bone
4. Tendons: collagen fibers connecting muscle to bone
5. Cartilage: collagen matrix overlying bony surfaces
6. Bursae: puches of synovial fluid that cushion the movement of tendons and muscles over bone or other joint
structures
7. What are the 3 types of joints?: 1) synovial
2) cartilaginous
3) fibrous
8. Synovial joint: joint is freely movable
9. Cartilaginous joint: joint is slightly movable; vertebral bodies of the spine
10. Fibrous joint: joint is immovable; sutures of the skull
11. Types of Synovial joints: -spheroidal - ball and socket (hip and shoulder)
-hinge - one plane (elbow, digits)
-condylar - articulating surfaces that are convex or concave (knee, TMJ)
12. What type of joint is the knee and the TMJ?: in structure, it is a condylar joint, but in function,
it is a hinge joint
13. Goniometer: measures angle of joint (see how much ROM each joint has), used more by PT
14. Scoliometer: used to measure scoliosis; used to gauge the change from one visit to the other
15. Musculoskeletal System Assessment: Inspection: -swelling, erythema, symmetry, deformi-
ty
-ROM
-posture: head position, alignment
-spinal curves: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral
-spinal deformities: kyphosis, scoliosis, lordosis
16. Musculoskeletal System Assessment: Inspection- standing: -shape of legs: genu
varum- bowlegs (air between knees), genu valgum-knock knees (gum sticks together)
-toeing
, NSC 832 Quiz #3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_drxa50
-width of stance-base of support
-gait: cadence- stride length, arm swing, speed
17. Musculoskeletal System Assessment: Palpation: -muscle tone & strength: upper and lower
extremities
-joint crepitus
-swelling-effusion, bogginess
-warmth-back of hand
-tenderness
-stability- check for laxity
18. Signs of Inflammation: -swelling
-warmth
-erythema
-pain or tenderness
19. What could a single transverse palmer crease be associated with?: down syn-
drome
fetal alcohol syndrome
20. What tests do you perform for carpal tunnel syndrome?: Tinel's (tap) and Phalens
21. Tinel's (tap): tap flexor retinaculum (increases inflammation in that area); tests for carpal tunnel syndrome
22. What are common findings in Osteoarthritis?: Heberdens and Bouchard's nodes
23. Rheumatoid Arthritis Deformities: swan neck and boutonniere deformities
24. What tests do you perform to determine developmental dysplasia of the hip
(DDH)?: barlow test and ortolani test
-allis sign and asymmetric thigh folds are also signs of this
25. What is the medical term for a bunion?: halux valgus
26. Musculoskeletal Changes in the Older Adult: -decreasing height occurs in trunk due to
thinning of intervertebral discs *always check height in older adults
-muscles lose bulk
-decreased ROM common due to osteoarthritis
27. Axons: long fibers that transmit nerve impulses
28. White matter: neuronal axons, coated with myelin
29. Motor cortex: in frontal lobe; voluntary movement
30. Sensory cortex: in parietal lobe; processes tactile sensory information
