Molecular biology exam test
questions and answers graded A+
DNA contains _________ that is needed to make and maintain all living organisms. -
ANS✅✅Genetic Information
What is DNA composed of ? - ANS✅✅two anti-parallel strands in the form of a double helix
What are nucleotides...aka building blocks of DNA? - ANS✅✅Nucleotides G,C,A and T are the
building blocks of DNA
____ are the hereditary units that contain instructrions for the characteristics/phenotype of an
organism. - ANS✅✅GENES
At the molecular level, ________ are the segments of DNA that directs the production of a protein or
functional RNA molecule. - ANS✅✅GENE
Gregor Mendel determined the rules of what?? in the 1850's ? - ANS✅✅The rules of heredity. He
had no knowledge of how genes worked.
Are Genes altered during the life of an individual ? - ANS✅✅NO ! they are not.
Even if they aren't expressed in the individual's phenotype.
_______ is the union of one gamete from each parent to form the first cell(zygote) of a new progeny
individual. - ANS✅✅Random Fertilization.
What is Random fertilization? - ANS✅✅Gametes combine without regard to which member of a
gene pair is carried.
What is Gametic content? - ANS✅✅Each gamete carries only one member of each gene pair.
, ______ The members of the gene pairs segregate equally in the gametes, or eggs and sperm. -
ANS✅✅The Principle of segregation.
Who discovered that Genes are on Chromosomes? - ANS✅✅Thomas Hunt Morgan. The first to use
Drosophila in genetic research.
What three things did Thomas Hunt Morgan show? - ANS✅✅1. Some genes are inherited on the X
chromosome.
2. Genes can be mapped to specific positions on a chromosome.
3. When genes are close together on the same chromosome, they are often linked.
What does it mean for genes to be linked? - ANS✅✅They are inherited together.
________ was responsible for the discovery of DNA ? - ANS✅✅Friedrich Miescher 1869.
Apart from Discovering DNA, what 3 other major things did Friedrich Miescher do? - ANS✅✅1.
Collected white blood cells from pus
2. Lyced cells and isolated nuclei.
3. Found Nuclein
What are the following characteristics describing?
- present in every cell type
- high in Phosphorus
- behaves chemically very different from proteins.
- has no sulfur in it (unlike proteins).
- Mostly DNA - ANS✅✅Nuclein - Found by Friedrich Miescher.
Describe Nuclein - (Found by Friedrich Miescher-1869) - ANS✅✅- Has lots of phosphorus
questions and answers graded A+
DNA contains _________ that is needed to make and maintain all living organisms. -
ANS✅✅Genetic Information
What is DNA composed of ? - ANS✅✅two anti-parallel strands in the form of a double helix
What are nucleotides...aka building blocks of DNA? - ANS✅✅Nucleotides G,C,A and T are the
building blocks of DNA
____ are the hereditary units that contain instructrions for the characteristics/phenotype of an
organism. - ANS✅✅GENES
At the molecular level, ________ are the segments of DNA that directs the production of a protein or
functional RNA molecule. - ANS✅✅GENE
Gregor Mendel determined the rules of what?? in the 1850's ? - ANS✅✅The rules of heredity. He
had no knowledge of how genes worked.
Are Genes altered during the life of an individual ? - ANS✅✅NO ! they are not.
Even if they aren't expressed in the individual's phenotype.
_______ is the union of one gamete from each parent to form the first cell(zygote) of a new progeny
individual. - ANS✅✅Random Fertilization.
What is Random fertilization? - ANS✅✅Gametes combine without regard to which member of a
gene pair is carried.
What is Gametic content? - ANS✅✅Each gamete carries only one member of each gene pair.
, ______ The members of the gene pairs segregate equally in the gametes, or eggs and sperm. -
ANS✅✅The Principle of segregation.
Who discovered that Genes are on Chromosomes? - ANS✅✅Thomas Hunt Morgan. The first to use
Drosophila in genetic research.
What three things did Thomas Hunt Morgan show? - ANS✅✅1. Some genes are inherited on the X
chromosome.
2. Genes can be mapped to specific positions on a chromosome.
3. When genes are close together on the same chromosome, they are often linked.
What does it mean for genes to be linked? - ANS✅✅They are inherited together.
________ was responsible for the discovery of DNA ? - ANS✅✅Friedrich Miescher 1869.
Apart from Discovering DNA, what 3 other major things did Friedrich Miescher do? - ANS✅✅1.
Collected white blood cells from pus
2. Lyced cells and isolated nuclei.
3. Found Nuclein
What are the following characteristics describing?
- present in every cell type
- high in Phosphorus
- behaves chemically very different from proteins.
- has no sulfur in it (unlike proteins).
- Mostly DNA - ANS✅✅Nuclein - Found by Friedrich Miescher.
Describe Nuclein - (Found by Friedrich Miescher-1869) - ANS✅✅- Has lots of phosphorus
