HCA 201B TEST PAPER UPDATED EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔What are the grape like sacs at the end of the bronchioles called? - ✔✔Alveoli
✔✔what takes place in the alveoli? - ✔✔gas exchange
✔✔what are the 3 Pleural linings called ? - ✔✔1. Visceral Pleura
2. Parietal Pleura
3. Pleural Cavity
✔✔What protects the lungs? - ✔✔- Ribcage
- Sternum
- Vertebrae
✔✔What is asthma? - ✔✔inflammation of the bronchial tubes
✔✔Causes of asthma? - ✔✔-Allergens
-Pollutants
-Dust mites
-Cigarette smoke
-Cold air
- Stress
✔✔What is the treatment for asthma? - ✔✔Inhalers or puffers
✔✔What is pneumonia? - ✔✔Infection of the lung tissue
✔✔what are some causes of pneumonia? - ✔✔- Bacteria
- Viruses
- Aspiration
- Immobility
✔✔What are Treatment options for pneumonia? - ✔✔- Antibiotics
- Fluids
- O2 therapy
- Positioning (semi fowlers)
✔✔What is bronchitis? - ✔✔Inflammation of the bronchi
✔✔What are the 2 types of bronchitis? - ✔✔- Acute
- Chronic
✔✔What are the causes of bronchitis? - ✔✔Bacteria or Virus
, ✔✔What is COPD going to affect? - ✔✔Both airways and alveoli
✔✔What causes COPD? - ✔✔- Bronchitis
- Emphysema
- Asthma
- Smoking
- Genetics
- Air pollutants
✔✔Emphysema - ✔✔Alveoli enlarge and become less elastic and exchange of O2 and
CO2 is compromised
✔✔Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart? - ✔✔veins
✔✔The process of supplying the cells with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from
them? - ✔✔Respiration
✔✔respiratory disease characterized by narrowed air passages and episodes of
difficulty breathing occur? - ✔✔asthma
✔✔What do arteries do ? - ✔✔carry blood away from the heart
✔✔What do capillaries do? - ✔✔Tiniest vessels and they exchange nutrients and filter
waste products
✔✔what is diastole? - ✔✔The "resting phase" of the heart, when the heart is filled with
blood
✔✔What is systole? - ✔✔Contraction of the heart "working phase"
✔✔What are the three layers of the heart? - ✔✔- Pericardium (outer most layer of the
heart)
- Myocardium (second layer / most muscular part of the heart)
- Endocardium (last layer, most inner layer of the heart)
✔✔What is the liquid part of blood called? - ✔✔plasma
✔✔what are RBC otherwise known as? - ✔✔Erythrocytes
✔✔what is the substance that gives blood its color? - ✔✔hemoglobin
✔✔What are leucocytes also known as? - ✔✔white blood cells
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔What are the grape like sacs at the end of the bronchioles called? - ✔✔Alveoli
✔✔what takes place in the alveoli? - ✔✔gas exchange
✔✔what are the 3 Pleural linings called ? - ✔✔1. Visceral Pleura
2. Parietal Pleura
3. Pleural Cavity
✔✔What protects the lungs? - ✔✔- Ribcage
- Sternum
- Vertebrae
✔✔What is asthma? - ✔✔inflammation of the bronchial tubes
✔✔Causes of asthma? - ✔✔-Allergens
-Pollutants
-Dust mites
-Cigarette smoke
-Cold air
- Stress
✔✔What is the treatment for asthma? - ✔✔Inhalers or puffers
✔✔What is pneumonia? - ✔✔Infection of the lung tissue
✔✔what are some causes of pneumonia? - ✔✔- Bacteria
- Viruses
- Aspiration
- Immobility
✔✔What are Treatment options for pneumonia? - ✔✔- Antibiotics
- Fluids
- O2 therapy
- Positioning (semi fowlers)
✔✔What is bronchitis? - ✔✔Inflammation of the bronchi
✔✔What are the 2 types of bronchitis? - ✔✔- Acute
- Chronic
✔✔What are the causes of bronchitis? - ✔✔Bacteria or Virus
, ✔✔What is COPD going to affect? - ✔✔Both airways and alveoli
✔✔What causes COPD? - ✔✔- Bronchitis
- Emphysema
- Asthma
- Smoking
- Genetics
- Air pollutants
✔✔Emphysema - ✔✔Alveoli enlarge and become less elastic and exchange of O2 and
CO2 is compromised
✔✔Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart? - ✔✔veins
✔✔The process of supplying the cells with oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from
them? - ✔✔Respiration
✔✔respiratory disease characterized by narrowed air passages and episodes of
difficulty breathing occur? - ✔✔asthma
✔✔What do arteries do ? - ✔✔carry blood away from the heart
✔✔What do capillaries do? - ✔✔Tiniest vessels and they exchange nutrients and filter
waste products
✔✔what is diastole? - ✔✔The "resting phase" of the heart, when the heart is filled with
blood
✔✔What is systole? - ✔✔Contraction of the heart "working phase"
✔✔What are the three layers of the heart? - ✔✔- Pericardium (outer most layer of the
heart)
- Myocardium (second layer / most muscular part of the heart)
- Endocardium (last layer, most inner layer of the heart)
✔✔What is the liquid part of blood called? - ✔✔plasma
✔✔what are RBC otherwise known as? - ✔✔Erythrocytes
✔✔what is the substance that gives blood its color? - ✔✔hemoglobin
✔✔What are leucocytes also known as? - ✔✔white blood cells
