Biology 1407 Exam questions and
answers graded A+
List the Four Levels of Organization - ANS✅✅Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Epithelial membrane - ANS✅✅Covers every surface of the vertebrae body, Provide a protective
layer, and Has remarkable regenerative powers.
Which of the following are involved in sweat, sebaceous and salivary secretions? -
ANS✅✅Exocrine glands
Which of the following describes connective tissue? - ANS✅✅Derive from mesoderm, There are
loose or dense types, and Can make up tendons and ligaments
Adipose Tissue happens in - ANS✅✅Loose connective tissue
Which of the following are types of muscle tissues? - ANS✅✅Smooth, Skeletal, and Cardiac
Smooth muscle is found in _____, while skeletal muscle is found in _____. - ANS✅✅Walls of blood
vessels, Attached to bones.
Cardiac muscle - ANS✅✅Is composed of intercalated disks, Cells that have a single nucleus, and
Cells that come together to form a single functioning unit.
Nerve tissue include which of the following - ANS✅✅Neurons, Neuroglia, and Cells that conduct
electrical impulses.
The CNS includes ____, while the PNS includes _____. - ANS✅✅Brain and spinal cord, nerves and
ganglia.
, Define heterotrophs and list the three types of heterotrophs. - ANS✅✅Heterotrophs are the
consumers in the food chain, particularly the herbivores, carnivores and omnivores. All animals,
some fungi and most bacteria are heterotrophs. They are not capable of producing their own food.
An organism is heterotroph if it obtains its carbon from organic compounds.
1. Herbivores are animals that eat plants exclusively
2. Carnivores are animals that eat other animals
3. Omnivores are animals that eat both plants and other animals
List 6 vertebrate organs of the digestive system? - ANS✅✅Consists of a tubular gastrointestinal
tract and accessory organs such as liver.
1. Mouth and pharynx - entry
2. Esophagus - delivers food to stomach
3. Stomach - preliminary digestion
4. Small intestine - digestion and absorption
5. Large intestine - absorption of water and minerals
6. Cloaca or rectum - expel waste
What are the 3 accessory organs of the digestive system? - ANS✅✅Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas
Describe at least two characteristics of the small intestine. - ANS✅✅About 4.5 m long - small
diameter, Receives Chyme from stomach, Digestive enzymes and bicarbonate from pancreas, Bile
from liver and gallbladder, Epithelial wall is covered with villi
& Villi are covered by microvilli which Greatly increase surface area, Microvilli participate in
digestion and absorption.
Describe the process of absorption in the digestive system. - ANS✅✅Amino acids and
monosaccharides are transported through epithelial cells to blood. Blood carries these products to
the liver via the hepatic portal vein. Fatty acids and monoglycerides diffuse into epithelial cells.
Reassembled into triglycerides and then chylomicrons. Enter the lymphatic system and later join the
circulatory system. Almost all fluid reabsorbed in small intestine.
Describe at least two characteristics of the large intestine. - ANS✅✅Much shorter than small
intestine, but has larger diameter. Small intestine empties directly into the large intestine at a
junction where two vestigial structures, cecum and appendix, remain. No digestion occurs. Function
to reabsorb water, remaining electrolytes, and vitamin K. Prepare waste for expulsion.
answers graded A+
List the Four Levels of Organization - ANS✅✅Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ systems
Epithelial membrane - ANS✅✅Covers every surface of the vertebrae body, Provide a protective
layer, and Has remarkable regenerative powers.
Which of the following are involved in sweat, sebaceous and salivary secretions? -
ANS✅✅Exocrine glands
Which of the following describes connective tissue? - ANS✅✅Derive from mesoderm, There are
loose or dense types, and Can make up tendons and ligaments
Adipose Tissue happens in - ANS✅✅Loose connective tissue
Which of the following are types of muscle tissues? - ANS✅✅Smooth, Skeletal, and Cardiac
Smooth muscle is found in _____, while skeletal muscle is found in _____. - ANS✅✅Walls of blood
vessels, Attached to bones.
Cardiac muscle - ANS✅✅Is composed of intercalated disks, Cells that have a single nucleus, and
Cells that come together to form a single functioning unit.
Nerve tissue include which of the following - ANS✅✅Neurons, Neuroglia, and Cells that conduct
electrical impulses.
The CNS includes ____, while the PNS includes _____. - ANS✅✅Brain and spinal cord, nerves and
ganglia.
, Define heterotrophs and list the three types of heterotrophs. - ANS✅✅Heterotrophs are the
consumers in the food chain, particularly the herbivores, carnivores and omnivores. All animals,
some fungi and most bacteria are heterotrophs. They are not capable of producing their own food.
An organism is heterotroph if it obtains its carbon from organic compounds.
1. Herbivores are animals that eat plants exclusively
2. Carnivores are animals that eat other animals
3. Omnivores are animals that eat both plants and other animals
List 6 vertebrate organs of the digestive system? - ANS✅✅Consists of a tubular gastrointestinal
tract and accessory organs such as liver.
1. Mouth and pharynx - entry
2. Esophagus - delivers food to stomach
3. Stomach - preliminary digestion
4. Small intestine - digestion and absorption
5. Large intestine - absorption of water and minerals
6. Cloaca or rectum - expel waste
What are the 3 accessory organs of the digestive system? - ANS✅✅Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas
Describe at least two characteristics of the small intestine. - ANS✅✅About 4.5 m long - small
diameter, Receives Chyme from stomach, Digestive enzymes and bicarbonate from pancreas, Bile
from liver and gallbladder, Epithelial wall is covered with villi
& Villi are covered by microvilli which Greatly increase surface area, Microvilli participate in
digestion and absorption.
Describe the process of absorption in the digestive system. - ANS✅✅Amino acids and
monosaccharides are transported through epithelial cells to blood. Blood carries these products to
the liver via the hepatic portal vein. Fatty acids and monoglycerides diffuse into epithelial cells.
Reassembled into triglycerides and then chylomicrons. Enter the lymphatic system and later join the
circulatory system. Almost all fluid reabsorbed in small intestine.
Describe at least two characteristics of the large intestine. - ANS✅✅Much shorter than small
intestine, but has larger diameter. Small intestine empties directly into the large intestine at a
junction where two vestigial structures, cecum and appendix, remain. No digestion occurs. Function
to reabsorb water, remaining electrolytes, and vitamin K. Prepare waste for expulsion.
