CVA LEVEL 2 TEST 2025/2026 BANK QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS CURRENTLY TESTING
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS /ALREADY GRADED A+
1. What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in the "fight or flight" response mediated by the
sympathetic nervous system?
....ANSWER....: Norepinephrine
2. Define the term "azotemia."
....ANSWER....: An elevated level of nitrogen-based waste compounds (such as urea and
creatinine) in the blood.
3. Which type of shock is characterized by a severe, systemic allergic reaction?
....ANSWER....: Anaphylactic shock
4. What is the most critical factor to monitor in a patient receiving intravenous fluid therapy?
....ANSWER....: Hydration status (assessed via skin turgor, mucous membrane moisture, etc.)
and cardiovascular function (heart rate, pulse quality).
5. Name the three main types of connective tissue.
....ANSWER....: Loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue, and specialized connective
tissue (e.g., bone, blood, cartilage).
6. What is the function of the rod and cone cells in the eye?
....ANSWER....: Rods are responsible for vision in dim light (scotopic vision), and cones are
responsible for color vision and visual acuity in bright light (photopic vision).
7. Describe the proper way to lift a heavy object, such as a bag of dog food, to prevent personal
injury.
,....ANSWER....: Bend at the knees and hips, keeping the back straight, hold the object close to
the body, and use the leg muscles to lift.
8. What is the purpose of a Schirmer Tear Test?
....ANSWER....: To measure aqueous tear production and diagnose conditions like
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS or "dry eye").
9. Which parasite is the primary intermediate host for the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum?
....ANSWER....: The flea.
10. What is the name of the surgical procedure to remove a dog's vocal cords?
....ANSWER....: Debarking or ventriculocordectomy.
11. Define "polypharmacy" and state one risk associated with it.
....ANSWER....: The concurrent use of multiple medications by a patient. A risk is adverse drug
interactions.
12. What is the normal range for canine body temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?
....ANSWER....: 100.5°F - 102.5°F
13. Which blood cell is primarily responsible for fighting parasitic infections and is involved in
allergic reactions?
....ANSWER....: Eosinophil
14. What is the medical term for inflammation of the pancreas?
....ANSWER....: Pancreatitis
15. During anesthetic monitoring, what does the parameter "SpO2" measure?
,....ANSWER....: Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (the percentage of hemoglobin saturated
with oxygen).
16. Name the four vital signs that should be routinely assessed in a patient.
....ANSWER....: Temperature, Pulse, Respiration, and Pain (TPRP).
17. What is the difference between a disinfectant and an antiseptic?
....ANSWER....: A disinfectant is used on inanimate objects to destroy microorganisms, while an
antiseptic is used on living tissue to inhibit or destroy microorganisms.
18. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during parturition?
....ANSWER....: Oxytocin
19. What is the name of the condition in dogs characterized by a hypersecretion of cortisol by the
adrenal glands?
....ANSWER....: Hyperadrenocorticism or Cushing's Disease.
20. Why is it crucial to avoid using penicillin derivatives in rodents like guinea pigs and
hamsters?
....ANSWER....: Because they disrupt the normal gastrointestinal flora and can lead to fatal
enterotoxemia.
21. What is the term for the surgical fixation of a displaced urinary bladder through a ruptured
abdominal wall?
....ANSWER....: Cystopexy
22. Which radiographic view is taken with the animal lying on its back and the X-ray beam
directed vertically?
....ANSWER....: Ventrodorsal (VD) view
, 23. Define "pharmacokinetics."
....ANSWER....: The study of how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and excretes a
drug.
24. What is the most common cause of pyoderma in dogs?
....ANSWER....: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
25. In a dental formula, what does the letter "I" stand for?
....ANSWER....: Incisor
26. What is the purpose of applying a Elizabethan collar (E-collar) to a patient?
....ANSWER....: To prevent the patient from licking, chewing, scratching, or otherwise
traumatizing a surgical site, wound, or dressing.
27. Which electrolyte is the primary intracellular cation?
....ANSWER....: Potassium (K+)
28. What is the name of the test used to evaluate a patient's hemostatic system by measuring the
time it takes for a small cut to stop bleeding?
....ANSWER....: Buccal Mucosal Bleeding Time (BMBT)
29. Describe the correct placement of a tourniquet when drawing blood from the cephalic vein.
....ANSWER....: It should be placed several inches proximal to the venipuncture site, tight
enough to occlude venous return but not arterial flow, and should be released as soon as the
needle is in the vein.
30. What is the term for the condition where the third eyelid prolapses, commonly seen in young,
large-breed dogs?
CORRECT ANSWERS CURRENTLY TESTING
COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED VERIFIED
ANSWERS /ALREADY GRADED A+
1. What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in the "fight or flight" response mediated by the
sympathetic nervous system?
....ANSWER....: Norepinephrine
2. Define the term "azotemia."
....ANSWER....: An elevated level of nitrogen-based waste compounds (such as urea and
creatinine) in the blood.
3. Which type of shock is characterized by a severe, systemic allergic reaction?
....ANSWER....: Anaphylactic shock
4. What is the most critical factor to monitor in a patient receiving intravenous fluid therapy?
....ANSWER....: Hydration status (assessed via skin turgor, mucous membrane moisture, etc.)
and cardiovascular function (heart rate, pulse quality).
5. Name the three main types of connective tissue.
....ANSWER....: Loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue, and specialized connective
tissue (e.g., bone, blood, cartilage).
6. What is the function of the rod and cone cells in the eye?
....ANSWER....: Rods are responsible for vision in dim light (scotopic vision), and cones are
responsible for color vision and visual acuity in bright light (photopic vision).
7. Describe the proper way to lift a heavy object, such as a bag of dog food, to prevent personal
injury.
,....ANSWER....: Bend at the knees and hips, keeping the back straight, hold the object close to
the body, and use the leg muscles to lift.
8. What is the purpose of a Schirmer Tear Test?
....ANSWER....: To measure aqueous tear production and diagnose conditions like
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (KCS or "dry eye").
9. Which parasite is the primary intermediate host for the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum?
....ANSWER....: The flea.
10. What is the name of the surgical procedure to remove a dog's vocal cords?
....ANSWER....: Debarking or ventriculocordectomy.
11. Define "polypharmacy" and state one risk associated with it.
....ANSWER....: The concurrent use of multiple medications by a patient. A risk is adverse drug
interactions.
12. What is the normal range for canine body temperature in degrees Fahrenheit?
....ANSWER....: 100.5°F - 102.5°F
13. Which blood cell is primarily responsible for fighting parasitic infections and is involved in
allergic reactions?
....ANSWER....: Eosinophil
14. What is the medical term for inflammation of the pancreas?
....ANSWER....: Pancreatitis
15. During anesthetic monitoring, what does the parameter "SpO2" measure?
,....ANSWER....: Peripheral capillary oxygen saturation (the percentage of hemoglobin saturated
with oxygen).
16. Name the four vital signs that should be routinely assessed in a patient.
....ANSWER....: Temperature, Pulse, Respiration, and Pain (TPRP).
17. What is the difference between a disinfectant and an antiseptic?
....ANSWER....: A disinfectant is used on inanimate objects to destroy microorganisms, while an
antiseptic is used on living tissue to inhibit or destroy microorganisms.
18. Which hormone is responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during parturition?
....ANSWER....: Oxytocin
19. What is the name of the condition in dogs characterized by a hypersecretion of cortisol by the
adrenal glands?
....ANSWER....: Hyperadrenocorticism or Cushing's Disease.
20. Why is it crucial to avoid using penicillin derivatives in rodents like guinea pigs and
hamsters?
....ANSWER....: Because they disrupt the normal gastrointestinal flora and can lead to fatal
enterotoxemia.
21. What is the term for the surgical fixation of a displaced urinary bladder through a ruptured
abdominal wall?
....ANSWER....: Cystopexy
22. Which radiographic view is taken with the animal lying on its back and the X-ray beam
directed vertically?
....ANSWER....: Ventrodorsal (VD) view
, 23. Define "pharmacokinetics."
....ANSWER....: The study of how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes, and excretes a
drug.
24. What is the most common cause of pyoderma in dogs?
....ANSWER....: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
25. In a dental formula, what does the letter "I" stand for?
....ANSWER....: Incisor
26. What is the purpose of applying a Elizabethan collar (E-collar) to a patient?
....ANSWER....: To prevent the patient from licking, chewing, scratching, or otherwise
traumatizing a surgical site, wound, or dressing.
27. Which electrolyte is the primary intracellular cation?
....ANSWER....: Potassium (K+)
28. What is the name of the test used to evaluate a patient's hemostatic system by measuring the
time it takes for a small cut to stop bleeding?
....ANSWER....: Buccal Mucosal Bleeding Time (BMBT)
29. Describe the correct placement of a tourniquet when drawing blood from the cephalic vein.
....ANSWER....: It should be placed several inches proximal to the venipuncture site, tight
enough to occlude venous return but not arterial flow, and should be released as soon as the
needle is in the vein.
30. What is the term for the condition where the third eyelid prolapses, commonly seen in young,
large-breed dogs?
