HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
The nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires the
most immediate intervention by the nurse?
A.
The client's amylase level is three times higher than the normal level.
B.
The client has a carpal spasm when taking a blood pressure.
C.
On a 1 to 10 scale, the client tells the nurse that her epigastric pain is at 7.
D.
The client states that she will continue to drink alcohol after going home. - correct
answer B
The nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires the
most immediate intervention by the nurse?
Rationale:A positive Trousseau sign indicates hypocalcemia and always requires
further assessment and intervention, regardless of the cause (40% to 75% of those
with acute pancreatitis experience hypocalcemia, which can have serious, systemic
effects). A key diagnostic finding of pancreatitis is serum amylase and lipase levels
that are two to five times higher than the normal value. Severe boring pain is an
expected symptom for this diagnosis, but dealing with the hypocalcemia is a priority
over administering an analgesic. Long-term planning and teaching do not have the
same immediate importance as a positive Trousseau sign.
,HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
A 55-year-old male client has been admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis
of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which risk factor is the most
significant in the development of this client's COPD?
A.
The client's father was diagnosed with COPD in his 50s.
B.
A close family member contracted tuberculosis last year.
C.
The client smokes one to two packs of cigarettes per day.
D.
The client has been 40 pounds overweight for 15 years. - correct answer C
Rationale:Smoking, considered to be a modifiable risk factor, is the most significant
risk factor for the development of COPD. The exact mechanism of genetic and
hereditary implications for the development of COPD is still under investigation,
although exposure to similar predisposing factors (e.g., smoking or inhaling
secondhand smoke) may increase the likelihood of COPD incidence among family
members. Options B and D do not exceed the risks associated with cigarette smoking
in the development of COPD.
In assessing a client diagnosed with primary aldosteronism, the nurse expects the
laboratory test results to indicate a decreased serum level of which substance?
A.
,HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
Sodium
B.
Phosphate
C.
Potassium
D.
Glucose - correct answer C
Rationale:Clients with primary aldosteronism exhibit a profound decline in serum
levels of potassium; hypokalemia; hypertension is the most prominent and universal
sign. The serum sodium level is normal or elevated, depending on the amount of
water resorbed with the sodium. Option B is influenced by parathyroid hormone
(PTH). Option D is not affected by primary aldosteronism.
The nurse is completing an admission interview for a client with Parkinson disease.
Which question will provide additional information about manifestations that the
client is likely to experience?
A.
"Have you ever experienced any paralysis of your arms or legs?"
B.
"Do you have frequent blackout spells?"
C.
"Have you ever been frozen in one spot, unable to move?"
, HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
D.
"Do you have headaches, especially ones with throbbing pain?" - correct answer C
Rationale:Clients with Parkinson disease frequently experience difficulty in initiating,
maintaining, and performing motor activities. They may even experience being
rooted to the spot and unable to move. Parkinson disease does not typically cause
option A, B, or D.
Client census is often used to determine staffing needs. Which method of obtaining
census determination for a particular unit provides the best formula for determining
long-range staffing patterns?
A.
Midnight census
B.
Oncoming shift census
C.
Average daily census
D.
Hourly census - correct answer C
Rationale:An average daily census is determined by trend data and takes into account
seasonal and daily fluctuations, so it is the best method for determining staffing
needs. Options A and B provide data at a certain point in time, and that data could
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
The nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires the
most immediate intervention by the nurse?
A.
The client's amylase level is three times higher than the normal level.
B.
The client has a carpal spasm when taking a blood pressure.
C.
On a 1 to 10 scale, the client tells the nurse that her epigastric pain is at 7.
D.
The client states that she will continue to drink alcohol after going home. - correct
answer B
The nurse is assessing a client with acute pancreatitis. Which finding requires the
most immediate intervention by the nurse?
Rationale:A positive Trousseau sign indicates hypocalcemia and always requires
further assessment and intervention, regardless of the cause (40% to 75% of those
with acute pancreatitis experience hypocalcemia, which can have serious, systemic
effects). A key diagnostic finding of pancreatitis is serum amylase and lipase levels
that are two to five times higher than the normal value. Severe boring pain is an
expected symptom for this diagnosis, but dealing with the hypocalcemia is a priority
over administering an analgesic. Long-term planning and teaching do not have the
same immediate importance as a positive Trousseau sign.
,HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
A 55-year-old male client has been admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis
of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which risk factor is the most
significant in the development of this client's COPD?
A.
The client's father was diagnosed with COPD in his 50s.
B.
A close family member contracted tuberculosis last year.
C.
The client smokes one to two packs of cigarettes per day.
D.
The client has been 40 pounds overweight for 15 years. - correct answer C
Rationale:Smoking, considered to be a modifiable risk factor, is the most significant
risk factor for the development of COPD. The exact mechanism of genetic and
hereditary implications for the development of COPD is still under investigation,
although exposure to similar predisposing factors (e.g., smoking or inhaling
secondhand smoke) may increase the likelihood of COPD incidence among family
members. Options B and D do not exceed the risks associated with cigarette smoking
in the development of COPD.
In assessing a client diagnosed with primary aldosteronism, the nurse expects the
laboratory test results to indicate a decreased serum level of which substance?
A.
,HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
Sodium
B.
Phosphate
C.
Potassium
D.
Glucose - correct answer C
Rationale:Clients with primary aldosteronism exhibit a profound decline in serum
levels of potassium; hypokalemia; hypertension is the most prominent and universal
sign. The serum sodium level is normal or elevated, depending on the amount of
water resorbed with the sodium. Option B is influenced by parathyroid hormone
(PTH). Option D is not affected by primary aldosteronism.
The nurse is completing an admission interview for a client with Parkinson disease.
Which question will provide additional information about manifestations that the
client is likely to experience?
A.
"Have you ever experienced any paralysis of your arms or legs?"
B.
"Do you have frequent blackout spells?"
C.
"Have you ever been frozen in one spot, unable to move?"
, HESI RN med-surg version a & version b
2024-2025 actual exam each exam
contains 125 questions and correct
detailed answers
D.
"Do you have headaches, especially ones with throbbing pain?" - correct answer C
Rationale:Clients with Parkinson disease frequently experience difficulty in initiating,
maintaining, and performing motor activities. They may even experience being
rooted to the spot and unable to move. Parkinson disease does not typically cause
option A, B, or D.
Client census is often used to determine staffing needs. Which method of obtaining
census determination for a particular unit provides the best formula for determining
long-range staffing patterns?
A.
Midnight census
B.
Oncoming shift census
C.
Average daily census
D.
Hourly census - correct answer C
Rationale:An average daily census is determined by trend data and takes into account
seasonal and daily fluctuations, so it is the best method for determining staffing
needs. Options A and B provide data at a certain point in time, and that data could
