TEST BANK FOR ESSENTIALS OF CARDIOP
ULMONARY PHYSICAL THERAPY 4TH EDITI
ON HILLEGASS FULL CHAPTER
,DOWNLOAD cTHE cTest cBank cfor cEssentials cof cCardiopulmonary
cPhysical cTherapy c4th cEdition cHillegass
Chapter c02: cPhysiology cof cthe cCardiovascular cand cPulmonary cSystems
cHillegass: cEssentials cof cCardiopulmonary cPhysical cTherapy, c4th cEdition
MULTIPLE cCHOICE
1. The cprimary cfunction cof cthe cpulmonary csystem cis cwhich cof cthe cfollowing?
a. Regulating cacid–base cbalance cand cmaintaining cnormal cblood cpH
b. Filtering cand cmetabolizing ctoxic csubstances
c. Achieving ctemperature chomeostasis cthrough cevaporative cheat closs
d. Exchange cof coxygen cand ccarbon cdioxide cbetween cenvironment, cblood, cand ctissue
ANS: c D
According cto cthe cauthor, cthe cmost cimportant cfunction cof cthe cpulmonary csystem cis cto
cexchange coxygen cand ccarbon cdioxide cbetween cthe cenvironment, cblood, cand ctissue.
PTS: c c1
2. The ctotal cvolume cof cair cthat cis cinhaled cor cexhaled cin c1 cminute cis ctermed:
a. tidal cvolume.
b. minute cventilation.
c. inspiratory creserve cvolume.
d. inspiratory ccapacity.
ANS: c B
The cminute cventilation crepresents cthe ctotal cvolume cof cair cthat cis cinhaled cor cexhaled cin
c1 cminute.
PTS: c c1
3. The cmaximum camount cof cair cthat ccan cbe cinhaled cafter ca cnormal ctidal cexhalation cis
ctermed:
a. inspiratory creserve cvolume.
b. expiratory creserve cvolume.
c. inspiratory ccapacity.
d. vital ccapacity.
ANS: c C
The cinspiratory ccapacity c(IC) cis cthe csum cof cthe ctidal cand cinspiratory creserve cvolumes; cit
cis cthe cmaximum camount cof cair cthat ccan cbe cinhaled cafter ca cnormal ctidal cexhalation.
PTS: c c1
4. Which cof cthe cfollowing cbrain careas cprovides ccontrol cfor cautomatic cbreathing?
a. Medulla coblongata
b. Pons
c. Frontal clobe cof cthe ccerebrum
d. Hypothalamus
ANS: c A
The cmedulla coblongata ccontains cinspiratory cneurons cthat cproduce cinspiration cand
cexpiratory cneurons cthat care ctriggered cwith cforce cexpiration. cThese cneurons ccontrol
cautomatic cbreathing.
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,DOWNLOAD cTHE cTest cBank cfor cEssentials cof cCardiopulmonary
cPhysical cTherapy c4th cEdition cHillegass
PTS: c c1
5. Which cof cthe cfollowing cstatements cBEST cexplains cwhy cincreasing cadministered
coxygen cshould cbe cdone ccautiously cin ca cpatient cwith csevere cchronic cobstructive
cpulmonary cdisease c(COPD) cAT cREST?
a. The cbody cmay crely con chypoxic cdrive cto cbreathe c(oxygen creceptors) cand
cincreasing cadministered coxygen cat crest cleads cto chyperoxemia csuppressing
cthe chypoxic cdrive.
b. The cbody cneeds cadditional ctime cto callow cthe cperipheral cchemoreceptors cto
ccause can cincrease cof cventilatory crate cto cimprove coxygenation.
c. The cbody cis crelying con ccarbon cdioxide cto cregulate cthe crespiratory ccycle,
cand cincreasing cadministered coxygen cat crest cleads cto cinhibition cof cthe
ccarbon cdioxide creceptors.
d. Increasing cadministered coxygen cto cthe cbody coversaturates cthe csystem
cleading cto ctoxicity.
ANS: c A
A cpatient cwith csevere cCOPD cwho cdevelops chigh cCO2 c blood clevels csubsequently cleads
cto cthe cbody crelying cmore con coxygen creceptors cinstead cof ccarbon cdioxide creceptors.
cThis cis ctermed chypoxic cdrive cto cbreathe. cIf cadministered coxygen cis ctoo chigh cand
ccauses chyperoxemia c(increased coxygen cin cthe cblood), cthe coxygen creceptors cmay cbe
csuppressed, cwhich creduces cthe cdrive cto cbreathe.
PTS: c c1
6. Which cof cthe cfollowing clung ctissue creceptors care clocated calong cthe csmooth cmuscles
clining cthe cairways care csensitive cto cincreasing csize cand cvolume cwithin cthe clung, ctermed
cthe cHering–Breuer creflex?
a. Irritant creceptors
b. Stretch creceptors
c. Chemoreceptors
d. Juxtapulmonary creceptors
ANS: c B
Stretch creceptors care clocated calong csmooth cmuscles clining cthe cairways cand care csensitive
cto cincreasing csize cand cvolume cwithin cthe clung. cThe cHering–Breuer creflex cis cactive cwith
clarge cincreases cin cthe ctidal cvolume, cespecially cseen cduring cexercise, cand cprotects cthe
clung cfrom cexcessive cinflation.
PTS: c c1
7. Which cof cthe cfollowing clung creceptors care cstimulated cin ca cpatient cwith cleft-sided
ccongestive cheart cfailure cwho cdevelops cpulmonary cedema ccausing cthe cpatient cto cbreathe
cin ca cSHALLOW, ctachypneic cpattern.
a. Irritant creceptors
b. Stretch creceptors
c. Chemoreceptors
d. Juxtapulmonary creceptors
ANS: c D
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, DOWNLOAD cTHE cTest cBank cfor cEssentials cof cCardiopulmonary
cPhysical cTherapy c4th cEdition cHillegass
The cjuxtapulmonary creceptors c(J creceptor) care clocated cnear cthe cpulmonary ccapillaries cand
care csensitive cto cincreased cpulmonary ccapillary cpressures. cOn cstimulation, cthese creceptors
cinitiate ca crapid, cshallow cbreathing cpattern. cIn ca cpatient cwith ccongestive cheart cfailure,
cpulmonary cedema cwould cstimulate cthe cinterstitial cJ creceptors.
PTS: c c1
8. Which cof cthe cfollowing cevents coccur cas ca cresult cof cthe cdiaphragm cand cexternal
cintercostals ccontracting cto cfacilitate cinspiration?
a. An cincrease cin cthe cvolume cof cthe cthoracic ccavity cand clung
creducing cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure
b. An cincrease cin cthe cpressure cwithin cthe clung coccurring cdue cto cBoyle’s claw
c. A cdecrease cin cthe cvolume cof cthe cthoracic ccavity cand clung
cincreasing cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure
d. A cchange cin cthe cthoracic ccavity cand clung cvolume cleading cto can
cintrapulmonary cpressure cthat cexceeds cthe catmospheric cpressure
ANS: c A
When cthe cdiaphragm cand cexternal cintercostals ccontract cto cfacilitate cinspiration, cit ccauses
can cincrease cin cthe cvolume cof cthe cthoracic ccavity cand clung, cwhich creduces cthe
cintrapulmonary cpressure. cThe cintrapulmonary cpressure cis cdecreased cbelow cthe
catmospheric clevels cfacilitating cthe cflow cof cair cinto cthe clungs cto cnormalize cpressure
cdifferences.
PTS: c c1
9. Which cof cthe cfollowing cBEST cdescribes cthe cintrapleural cpressure ccompared
cto cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure?
a. Intrapleural cpressure cis cless cthan cintrapulmonary cpressure.
b. Intrapleural cpressure cis cthe csame cas cintrapulmonary cpressure.
c. Intrapleural cpressure cis cgreater cthan cintrapulmonary cpressure.
d. Intrapleural cpressure cis cnot crelated cto cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure.
ANS: c A
The cintrapleural cpressure cis cnormally clower cthan cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure cdeveloped
cduring cboth cinspiration cand cexpiration. cThis cdifference cin cpressures chelps cto cmaintain
cthe clung cnear cthe cchest cwall.
PTS: c c1
10. Compliance cis cBEST cexplained cby cwhich cof cthe cfollowing cstatements.
a. The ctendency cof ca cstructure cto creturn cto cits cinitial csize cafter cbeing cdistended
b. The cpressure cthat cacts cto ccollapse cthe calveolus cand cincrease cthe cpressure
cof cair cwithin cthe cstructure
c. The ctendency cof ca cforce cthat cexists cto ccollapse cor crecoil cthe cstructure cwhile cinflated
d. The cpressure cthat callows cchanges cin clung cvolume cto cparallel cchanges cin
cthoracic cexcursion cduring cbreathing
ANS: c C
Compliance cof clung ctissue cis clikened cto ca cballoon cduring cinspiration, cwhere cthere cexists
ca ctendency cto ccollapse cor crecoil cwhile cinflated. cA c= celasticity; cB c= csurface ctension; cD
c= ctransmural cpressure.
mynursytest.store
ULMONARY PHYSICAL THERAPY 4TH EDITI
ON HILLEGASS FULL CHAPTER
,DOWNLOAD cTHE cTest cBank cfor cEssentials cof cCardiopulmonary
cPhysical cTherapy c4th cEdition cHillegass
Chapter c02: cPhysiology cof cthe cCardiovascular cand cPulmonary cSystems
cHillegass: cEssentials cof cCardiopulmonary cPhysical cTherapy, c4th cEdition
MULTIPLE cCHOICE
1. The cprimary cfunction cof cthe cpulmonary csystem cis cwhich cof cthe cfollowing?
a. Regulating cacid–base cbalance cand cmaintaining cnormal cblood cpH
b. Filtering cand cmetabolizing ctoxic csubstances
c. Achieving ctemperature chomeostasis cthrough cevaporative cheat closs
d. Exchange cof coxygen cand ccarbon cdioxide cbetween cenvironment, cblood, cand ctissue
ANS: c D
According cto cthe cauthor, cthe cmost cimportant cfunction cof cthe cpulmonary csystem cis cto
cexchange coxygen cand ccarbon cdioxide cbetween cthe cenvironment, cblood, cand ctissue.
PTS: c c1
2. The ctotal cvolume cof cair cthat cis cinhaled cor cexhaled cin c1 cminute cis ctermed:
a. tidal cvolume.
b. minute cventilation.
c. inspiratory creserve cvolume.
d. inspiratory ccapacity.
ANS: c B
The cminute cventilation crepresents cthe ctotal cvolume cof cair cthat cis cinhaled cor cexhaled cin
c1 cminute.
PTS: c c1
3. The cmaximum camount cof cair cthat ccan cbe cinhaled cafter ca cnormal ctidal cexhalation cis
ctermed:
a. inspiratory creserve cvolume.
b. expiratory creserve cvolume.
c. inspiratory ccapacity.
d. vital ccapacity.
ANS: c C
The cinspiratory ccapacity c(IC) cis cthe csum cof cthe ctidal cand cinspiratory creserve cvolumes; cit
cis cthe cmaximum camount cof cair cthat ccan cbe cinhaled cafter ca cnormal ctidal cexhalation.
PTS: c c1
4. Which cof cthe cfollowing cbrain careas cprovides ccontrol cfor cautomatic cbreathing?
a. Medulla coblongata
b. Pons
c. Frontal clobe cof cthe ccerebrum
d. Hypothalamus
ANS: c A
The cmedulla coblongata ccontains cinspiratory cneurons cthat cproduce cinspiration cand
cexpiratory cneurons cthat care ctriggered cwith cforce cexpiration. cThese cneurons ccontrol
cautomatic cbreathing.
mynursytest.store
,DOWNLOAD cTHE cTest cBank cfor cEssentials cof cCardiopulmonary
cPhysical cTherapy c4th cEdition cHillegass
PTS: c c1
5. Which cof cthe cfollowing cstatements cBEST cexplains cwhy cincreasing cadministered
coxygen cshould cbe cdone ccautiously cin ca cpatient cwith csevere cchronic cobstructive
cpulmonary cdisease c(COPD) cAT cREST?
a. The cbody cmay crely con chypoxic cdrive cto cbreathe c(oxygen creceptors) cand
cincreasing cadministered coxygen cat crest cleads cto chyperoxemia csuppressing
cthe chypoxic cdrive.
b. The cbody cneeds cadditional ctime cto callow cthe cperipheral cchemoreceptors cto
ccause can cincrease cof cventilatory crate cto cimprove coxygenation.
c. The cbody cis crelying con ccarbon cdioxide cto cregulate cthe crespiratory ccycle,
cand cincreasing cadministered coxygen cat crest cleads cto cinhibition cof cthe
ccarbon cdioxide creceptors.
d. Increasing cadministered coxygen cto cthe cbody coversaturates cthe csystem
cleading cto ctoxicity.
ANS: c A
A cpatient cwith csevere cCOPD cwho cdevelops chigh cCO2 c blood clevels csubsequently cleads
cto cthe cbody crelying cmore con coxygen creceptors cinstead cof ccarbon cdioxide creceptors.
cThis cis ctermed chypoxic cdrive cto cbreathe. cIf cadministered coxygen cis ctoo chigh cand
ccauses chyperoxemia c(increased coxygen cin cthe cblood), cthe coxygen creceptors cmay cbe
csuppressed, cwhich creduces cthe cdrive cto cbreathe.
PTS: c c1
6. Which cof cthe cfollowing clung ctissue creceptors care clocated calong cthe csmooth cmuscles
clining cthe cairways care csensitive cto cincreasing csize cand cvolume cwithin cthe clung, ctermed
cthe cHering–Breuer creflex?
a. Irritant creceptors
b. Stretch creceptors
c. Chemoreceptors
d. Juxtapulmonary creceptors
ANS: c B
Stretch creceptors care clocated calong csmooth cmuscles clining cthe cairways cand care csensitive
cto cincreasing csize cand cvolume cwithin cthe clung. cThe cHering–Breuer creflex cis cactive cwith
clarge cincreases cin cthe ctidal cvolume, cespecially cseen cduring cexercise, cand cprotects cthe
clung cfrom cexcessive cinflation.
PTS: c c1
7. Which cof cthe cfollowing clung creceptors care cstimulated cin ca cpatient cwith cleft-sided
ccongestive cheart cfailure cwho cdevelops cpulmonary cedema ccausing cthe cpatient cto cbreathe
cin ca cSHALLOW, ctachypneic cpattern.
a. Irritant creceptors
b. Stretch creceptors
c. Chemoreceptors
d. Juxtapulmonary creceptors
ANS: c D
mynursytest.store
, DOWNLOAD cTHE cTest cBank cfor cEssentials cof cCardiopulmonary
cPhysical cTherapy c4th cEdition cHillegass
The cjuxtapulmonary creceptors c(J creceptor) care clocated cnear cthe cpulmonary ccapillaries cand
care csensitive cto cincreased cpulmonary ccapillary cpressures. cOn cstimulation, cthese creceptors
cinitiate ca crapid, cshallow cbreathing cpattern. cIn ca cpatient cwith ccongestive cheart cfailure,
cpulmonary cedema cwould cstimulate cthe cinterstitial cJ creceptors.
PTS: c c1
8. Which cof cthe cfollowing cevents coccur cas ca cresult cof cthe cdiaphragm cand cexternal
cintercostals ccontracting cto cfacilitate cinspiration?
a. An cincrease cin cthe cvolume cof cthe cthoracic ccavity cand clung
creducing cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure
b. An cincrease cin cthe cpressure cwithin cthe clung coccurring cdue cto cBoyle’s claw
c. A cdecrease cin cthe cvolume cof cthe cthoracic ccavity cand clung
cincreasing cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure
d. A cchange cin cthe cthoracic ccavity cand clung cvolume cleading cto can
cintrapulmonary cpressure cthat cexceeds cthe catmospheric cpressure
ANS: c A
When cthe cdiaphragm cand cexternal cintercostals ccontract cto cfacilitate cinspiration, cit ccauses
can cincrease cin cthe cvolume cof cthe cthoracic ccavity cand clung, cwhich creduces cthe
cintrapulmonary cpressure. cThe cintrapulmonary cpressure cis cdecreased cbelow cthe
catmospheric clevels cfacilitating cthe cflow cof cair cinto cthe clungs cto cnormalize cpressure
cdifferences.
PTS: c c1
9. Which cof cthe cfollowing cBEST cdescribes cthe cintrapleural cpressure ccompared
cto cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure?
a. Intrapleural cpressure cis cless cthan cintrapulmonary cpressure.
b. Intrapleural cpressure cis cthe csame cas cintrapulmonary cpressure.
c. Intrapleural cpressure cis cgreater cthan cintrapulmonary cpressure.
d. Intrapleural cpressure cis cnot crelated cto cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure.
ANS: c A
The cintrapleural cpressure cis cnormally clower cthan cthe cintrapulmonary cpressure cdeveloped
cduring cboth cinspiration cand cexpiration. cThis cdifference cin cpressures chelps cto cmaintain
cthe clung cnear cthe cchest cwall.
PTS: c c1
10. Compliance cis cBEST cexplained cby cwhich cof cthe cfollowing cstatements.
a. The ctendency cof ca cstructure cto creturn cto cits cinitial csize cafter cbeing cdistended
b. The cpressure cthat cacts cto ccollapse cthe calveolus cand cincrease cthe cpressure
cof cair cwithin cthe cstructure
c. The ctendency cof ca cforce cthat cexists cto ccollapse cor crecoil cthe cstructure cwhile cinflated
d. The cpressure cthat callows cchanges cin clung cvolume cto cparallel cchanges cin
cthoracic cexcursion cduring cbreathing
ANS: c C
Compliance cof clung ctissue cis clikened cto ca cballoon cduring cinspiration, cwhere cthere cexists
ca ctendency cto ccollapse cor crecoil cwhile cinflated. cA c= celasticity; cB c= csurface ctension; cD
c= ctransmural cpressure.
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