UPDATE 2025-2026
Management - Answers Getting work done through others.
Efficiency - Answers Getting work done with a minimum of effort, expense, or waste.
Effectiveness - Answers Accomplishing tasks that help fulfill organizational objectives such as
customer service and satisfaction.
Management Function: Planning - Answers Involves determining organizational goals and a
means of achieving them.
Management Function: Organizing - Answers Deciding where decisions will be made, who will
do what job and tasks, and who will work for whom in the company.
Management Function: Leading - Answers Involves inspiring and motivating workers to work
hard to achieve organizational goals.
Management Function: Controlling - Answers Monitoring progress towards goal achievement
and taking corrective action when progress isn't being made.
Top Managers - Answers Executives responsible for the overall direction of the organization.
Hold positions like Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Operating Officer (COO), Chief Financial
Officer (CFO), and Chief Information Officer (CIO)
Middle Managers - Answers Responsible for, setting objectives consistent with top
management's goals & planning and implementing subunit strategies for achieving the
objectives.
Examples of Middle Managers - Answers Plant Manager, Regional Manager, or Divisional
Manager.
First-Line Managers - Answers Responsible for, monitoring, teaching, and short-term planning.
Train and supervise the performance of non-managerial employees who are responsible for
producing a companies goods and services
Examples of First-Line Managers - Answers Office Manager, Shift Supervisor, or Department
Manager.
Team Leaders - Answers Responsible for facilitating team activities towards accomplishing a
goal. Help team members - plan and schedule work, learn to solve problems and work
effectively with each other.
Interpersonal Roles: Figurehead - Answers Managers perform ceremonial duties.
Interpersonal Roles: Leader - Answers Managers motivate and encourage workers to
, accomplish organizational objectives.
Interpersonal Roles: Liaison - Answers Managers deal with people outside their units
Informational Roles: Monitor - Answers Managers scan their environment for information
Informational Roles: Disseminator - Answers Managers share the collected information with
their subordinates and others in the company.
Informational Roles: Spokesperson - Answers Managers share information with people outside
their departments or companies.
Decisional Roles: Entrepreneur - Answers Managers adapt themselves, their subordinates, and
their units to change.
Decisional Roles: Disturbance Handler - Answers Managers respond to pressures and problems
that demand immediate attention and action.
Decisional Roles: Resource Allocator - Answers Managers decide who gets what resources and
in what amounts.
Decisional Roles: Negotiator - Answers Managers negotiate schedules, projects, resources, and
employee raises.
Technical Skills - Answers Specialized procedures, techniques, and knowledge required to get
the job done.
Human Skills - Answers Ability to work well with others.
Conceptual Skills - Answers Ability to: 1.) see the organization as a whole, understand how the
different parts affect each other & 2.) Recognize how the company fits into or is affected by its
environment.
Motivation to Manage - Answers Assessment of the enthusiasm of employees in managing
other's work.
Competitive Advantages Through People - Answers 1.) Employment Security
2.) Selective Hearing
3.) Self-Managed Teams
4.) Decentralization
5.) High wages contingent on organizational performance
6.) Training and Skill Development