UAMS CON Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
respiration begins at birth, immature system until puberty, increased risk of asthma
Pediatric Developmental Considerations
and sids if around smokers
respiratory muscle strength declines at 50, increased dyspnea with exertion,
Older Adult Developmental Considerations
increased pneumonia risk, decreased elasticity of lungs
dyspnea with exertion shortness of breath with hard work
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, why do older adults have an increased risk they have a decreased lung capacity
of pneumonia
why do older adults have decreased they can't recoil due to decline in muscle strength
elasticity of lungs
"use it or lose it" older adults have to use their muscles or they will lose them, especially respiratory
shortness of breath or dyspnea, wheezing, cough, chest pain when breathing,
respiratory system history respiratory infections, personal habits, vaccines, family, prescriptions, second or first
hand smoking, environmental hazards
productive cough coughing stuff up
hemoptysis coughing up blood streaked hemoptysis
purulent sputum coughing up pus
non productive cough not coughing anything up
20 cigs= 1 pack; packs per year= number of packs per day times the amount of years
smoking history
smoking
sudden onset
acute dyspnea could be anaphylaxis, pulmonary embolism, spontaneous pneumothorax, asthma,
anxiety
chronic dyspnea COPD slowly progressive dyspnea
wheezing partial airway obstruction, tissue inflammation, foreign body, asthma
left sided hear failure, upper resp infection, bronchitis, pneumonia, sputum, acute or
coughing
chronic
left= lungs
left and right side heart failure
right= rest of body
breathing patterns rate, volume, rhythm, relative ease of effort of respiration
dyspnea difficulty breathing or feeling of being short of breath
tachypnea rapid respirations
bradypnea slow respiratory rate
apnea absence of breathing
hypercarbia increased levels of carbon dioxide
orthopnea inability to breath easily unless sitting upright or standing
hypoxemia reduced oxygen levels in the blood can lead to cyanosis
have patient sit up, arms across chest, hands on shoulders, if unable to sit up rollin
physical exam posterior thorax and lungs
them to one side
physical exam anterior thorax and lungs appropriate draping, have them supine
observe rate, rhythm, depth and effort of breathing, note facial expression and LOC,
inspection of thorax and lungs
assess patient's facial skin color, shape of thorax and compare findings side to side
inspection: practice appropriate draping, inspect shape and work of breathing
anterior chest- inspection & palpation
palpation: identify tender areas
inspiratory sounds that last longer than expiratory ones, soft and low pitched, heard
vesicular breath sounds
over most of both lungs
crackles discontinous, intermittent, nonmusical and brief, like dots in time
fine crackles soft, high pitched, very brief (5-10 mscs)
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respiration begins at birth, immature system until puberty, increased risk of asthma
Pediatric Developmental Considerations
and sids if around smokers
respiratory muscle strength declines at 50, increased dyspnea with exertion,
Older Adult Developmental Considerations
increased pneumonia risk, decreased elasticity of lungs
dyspnea with exertion shortness of breath with hard work
https://quizlet.com/1060634782/uams-con-exam-2-flash-cards/ 1/6
, why do older adults have an increased risk they have a decreased lung capacity
of pneumonia
why do older adults have decreased they can't recoil due to decline in muscle strength
elasticity of lungs
"use it or lose it" older adults have to use their muscles or they will lose them, especially respiratory
shortness of breath or dyspnea, wheezing, cough, chest pain when breathing,
respiratory system history respiratory infections, personal habits, vaccines, family, prescriptions, second or first
hand smoking, environmental hazards
productive cough coughing stuff up
hemoptysis coughing up blood streaked hemoptysis
purulent sputum coughing up pus
non productive cough not coughing anything up
20 cigs= 1 pack; packs per year= number of packs per day times the amount of years
smoking history
smoking
sudden onset
acute dyspnea could be anaphylaxis, pulmonary embolism, spontaneous pneumothorax, asthma,
anxiety
chronic dyspnea COPD slowly progressive dyspnea
wheezing partial airway obstruction, tissue inflammation, foreign body, asthma
left sided hear failure, upper resp infection, bronchitis, pneumonia, sputum, acute or
coughing
chronic
left= lungs
left and right side heart failure
right= rest of body
breathing patterns rate, volume, rhythm, relative ease of effort of respiration
dyspnea difficulty breathing or feeling of being short of breath
tachypnea rapid respirations
bradypnea slow respiratory rate
apnea absence of breathing
hypercarbia increased levels of carbon dioxide
orthopnea inability to breath easily unless sitting upright or standing
hypoxemia reduced oxygen levels in the blood can lead to cyanosis
have patient sit up, arms across chest, hands on shoulders, if unable to sit up rollin
physical exam posterior thorax and lungs
them to one side
physical exam anterior thorax and lungs appropriate draping, have them supine
observe rate, rhythm, depth and effort of breathing, note facial expression and LOC,
inspection of thorax and lungs
assess patient's facial skin color, shape of thorax and compare findings side to side
inspection: practice appropriate draping, inspect shape and work of breathing
anterior chest- inspection & palpation
palpation: identify tender areas
inspiratory sounds that last longer than expiratory ones, soft and low pitched, heard
vesicular breath sounds
over most of both lungs
crackles discontinous, intermittent, nonmusical and brief, like dots in time
fine crackles soft, high pitched, very brief (5-10 mscs)
https://quizlet.com/1060634782/uams-con-exam-2-flash-cards/ 2/6
