Low magnification of a histology section (H&E) from a urinary bladder. The lumen is the clear
area at the top of the image. What is the tissue indicated by the letter A?
A. smooth muscle
B. skeletal muscle
C. connective tissue
D. transitional epithelium - ANSWER a
What are the three components of the glomerular filtration barrier?
A. juxtaglomerular cells, macula densa, and podocytes
B. juxtaglomerular cells, macula dense, and mesangial cells
C. endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries, mesangial cells, and macula densa
D. endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries, glomerular basement membrane, and
mesangial cells
E. endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries, glomerular basement membrane, and
podocytes - ANSWER e
Histologic section (H&E) from a kidney. The circled structures in what location?
A. cortex
B. medulla
C. renal pelvis
D. medullary rays - ANSWER a
What is a feature of transitional epithelium?
A. lines Bowman's space
B. is stratified with multiple layers
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,C. plays a role regulating fluid balance by water resorption
D. is located at the junction between the cortex and medulla in the kidney - ANSWER b
Fluid in Bowman's space (also known as the urinary space) empties into what structure?
A. hilus
B. vasa recta
C. Loop of Henle
D. proximal convoluted tubule - ANSWER d
Sectioned carnivore kidney. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the region of the
kidney containing glomeruli?
A. *
B. #
C. @
D. & - ANSWER c
In carnivores and small ruminants, urine leaves the renal lobes at the:
A. renal diverticula (plural of diverticulum)
B. renal crest
C. interlobar vessels
D. calyces (plural of calyx) - ANSWER b
The adult kidney is derived from the embryonic:
A. mesonephros
B. pronephros
C. paramesonephros
D. metanephros - ANSWER d
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, In general, the left kidney is:
A. caudal to the right kidney
B. at the same level as the right kidney
C. cranial to the right kidney - ANSWER a
The females of which of the following species has a suburethral diverticulum which must be
avoided when passing a urinary catheter? Select all that apply.
A. sow
B. bitch
C. mare
D. queen
E. cow - ANSWER a and e
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be present in the glomerular filtrate in a healthy,
normal nephron?
A. electrolytes
B. high molecular weight proteins
C. amino acids
D. glucose - ANSWER b
The hydrostatic pressure within the glomerular capillaries:
A. is about the same as in the peritubular capillaries
B. is much higher than most peripheral capillaries
C. is generally lower than the oncotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries
D. decreases markedly along the length of the capillaries - ANSWER b
Vasoconstriction and vasodilation of the afferent and efferent arterioles can affect GFR.
Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole would have what effect on the glomerular capillary
hydrostatic pressure?
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area at the top of the image. What is the tissue indicated by the letter A?
A. smooth muscle
B. skeletal muscle
C. connective tissue
D. transitional epithelium - ANSWER a
What are the three components of the glomerular filtration barrier?
A. juxtaglomerular cells, macula densa, and podocytes
B. juxtaglomerular cells, macula dense, and mesangial cells
C. endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries, mesangial cells, and macula densa
D. endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries, glomerular basement membrane, and
mesangial cells
E. endothelial cells of glomerular capillaries, glomerular basement membrane, and
podocytes - ANSWER e
Histologic section (H&E) from a kidney. The circled structures in what location?
A. cortex
B. medulla
C. renal pelvis
D. medullary rays - ANSWER a
What is a feature of transitional epithelium?
A. lines Bowman's space
B. is stratified with multiple layers
1
,C. plays a role regulating fluid balance by water resorption
D. is located at the junction between the cortex and medulla in the kidney - ANSWER b
Fluid in Bowman's space (also known as the urinary space) empties into what structure?
A. hilus
B. vasa recta
C. Loop of Henle
D. proximal convoluted tubule - ANSWER d
Sectioned carnivore kidney. Which of the following symbols corresponds to the region of the
kidney containing glomeruli?
A. *
B. #
C. @
D. & - ANSWER c
In carnivores and small ruminants, urine leaves the renal lobes at the:
A. renal diverticula (plural of diverticulum)
B. renal crest
C. interlobar vessels
D. calyces (plural of calyx) - ANSWER b
The adult kidney is derived from the embryonic:
A. mesonephros
B. pronephros
C. paramesonephros
D. metanephros - ANSWER d
2
, In general, the left kidney is:
A. caudal to the right kidney
B. at the same level as the right kidney
C. cranial to the right kidney - ANSWER a
The females of which of the following species has a suburethral diverticulum which must be
avoided when passing a urinary catheter? Select all that apply.
A. sow
B. bitch
C. mare
D. queen
E. cow - ANSWER a and e
Which of the following is LEAST likely to be present in the glomerular filtrate in a healthy,
normal nephron?
A. electrolytes
B. high molecular weight proteins
C. amino acids
D. glucose - ANSWER b
The hydrostatic pressure within the glomerular capillaries:
A. is about the same as in the peritubular capillaries
B. is much higher than most peripheral capillaries
C. is generally lower than the oncotic pressure in the glomerular capillaries
D. decreases markedly along the length of the capillaries - ANSWER b
Vasoconstriction and vasodilation of the afferent and efferent arterioles can affect GFR.
Vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole would have what effect on the glomerular capillary
hydrostatic pressure?
3
