Med-Surg HESI Final Practice Questions
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1. The nurse is assessing a client's B - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) results in hyperkalemia,
laboratory values following ad- hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperphosphatemia.
ministration of chemotherapy. A serum calcium level of 5, which is low, is an indicator of
Which lab value leads the nurse possible tumor lysis syndrome.
to suspect that the client is ex-
periencing tumor lysis syndrome
(TLS)?
a. Serum PTT of 10 seconds.
b. Serum calcium of 5 mg/dL.
c. Oxygen saturation of 90%.
d. Hemoglobin of 10 g/dL
2. Which description of symptoms B - Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by paroxysms of
is characteristic of a client diag- pain, similar to an electric shock, in the area innervated
nosed with trigeminal neuralgia by one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve (5th cra-
(tic douloureux)? nial). Women are more often afflicted with this condition
a. Tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing and generally occurs in clients over the age of 50 years
difficulties. old.
b. Sudden, stabbing, severe pain
over the lip and chin.
c. Facial weakness and paralysis.
d. Difficulty in chewing, talking,
and swallowing.
3. Which discharge instruction is C - After a renal transplantation, acute rejection is a high
most important for a client after risk for several months. The organ recipient will have
a kidney transplant? to take immunosuppressive therapy for the rest of their
a. Weigh weekly. lives, such as corticosteroids and azathioprine, to prevent
b. Report symptoms of secondary organ transplant rejection. Discharge instructions include
Candidiasis. measures such as daily reminders to ensure the client
c. Use daily reminders to take im- takes these medications regularly to prevent organ rejec-
tion from occurring.
, Med-Surg HESI Final Practice Questions
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munosuppressants.
d. Stop cigarette smoking.
4. The nurse is providing dietary in- B - To reduce risk factors associated with coronary heart
structions to a 68-year-old client disease, the daily intake of soluble fiber should be in-
who is at high risk for develop- creased to between 10 and 25 grams per day. According
ment of coronary heart disease to the American Heart Association, soluble fibers helps
(CHD). Which information should reduce LDL cholesterol levels.
the nurse include?
a. Limit dietary selection of cho-
lesterol to 300 mg per day.
b. Increase intake of soluble fiber
to 10 to 25 grams per day.
c. Decrease plant stanols and
sterols to less than 2 grams/day.
d. Ensure saturated fat is less
than 30% of total caloric intake.
5. Two days postoperative, a male D - For a client exhibiting symptoms of deep vein throm-
client reports aching pain in his bosis (DVT), a complication of immobility, the initial care
left leg. The nurse assesses red- includes bedrest and elevation of the extremity.
ness and warmth on the low-
er left calf. Which intervention
would be most helpful to this
client?
a. Apply sequential compression
devices (SCDs) bilaterally.
b. Assess for a positive Homan's
sign in each leg.
c. Pad all bony prominences on
the affected leg.
, Med-Surg HESI Final Practice Questions
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d. Advise the client to remain in
bed with the leg elevated.
6. A middle-aged male client with di- A - The loss of a limb due to diabetes by a family member
abetes continues to eat an abun- should be the strongest event or "cue to action" and is
dance of foods that are high most likely to increase the client's perceived seriousness
in sugar and fat. According to of the disease.
the Health Belief Model, which
event is most likely to increase
the client's willingness to become
compliant with the prescribed
diet?
a. He visits his diabetic brother
who just had surgery to ampu-
tate an infected foot.
b. He is provided with the most
current information about the
dangers of untreated diabetes.
c. He comments on the communi-
ty service announcements about
preventing complications associ-
ated with diabetes.
d. His wife expresses a sincere
willingness to prepare meals that
are within his prescribed diet.
7. A 58-year-old client who has been B - Post-menopausal females are at risk for osteoporosis
post-menopausal for five years is due to the cessation of estrogen secretion, but a regimen
concerned about the risk for os- including calcium, vitamin D, and weight-bearing exer-
teoporosis because her mother cise can help prevent further bone loss.
has the condition. Which infor-
mation should the nurse offer?
, Med-Surg HESI Final Practice Questions
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a. Osteoporosis is a progressive
genetic disease with no effective
treatment.
b. Calcium loss from bones can
be slowed by increasing calcium
intake and exercise.
c. Estrogen replacement therapy
should be started to prevent the
progression osteoporosis.
d. Low-dose corticosteroid treat-
ment effectively halts the course
of osteoporosis.
8. The nurse notes that the only B
ECG for a 55-year-old male client
scheduled for surgery in two
hours is dated two years ago. The
client reports that he has a his-
tory of "heart trouble," but has
no problems at present. Hospital
protocol requires that those over
50 years of age have a recent ECG
prior to surgery. Which nursing
action is best for the nurse to im-
plement?
a. Ask the client what he means
by "heart trouble."
b. Call for an ECG to be performed
immediately.
c. Notify surgery that the ECG is
over two years old.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_903zmy
1. The nurse is assessing a client's B - Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) results in hyperkalemia,
laboratory values following ad- hypocalcemia, hyperuricemia, and hyperphosphatemia.
ministration of chemotherapy. A serum calcium level of 5, which is low, is an indicator of
Which lab value leads the nurse possible tumor lysis syndrome.
to suspect that the client is ex-
periencing tumor lysis syndrome
(TLS)?
a. Serum PTT of 10 seconds.
b. Serum calcium of 5 mg/dL.
c. Oxygen saturation of 90%.
d. Hemoglobin of 10 g/dL
2. Which description of symptoms B - Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by paroxysms of
is characteristic of a client diag- pain, similar to an electric shock, in the area innervated
nosed with trigeminal neuralgia by one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve (5th cra-
(tic douloureux)? nial). Women are more often afflicted with this condition
a. Tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing and generally occurs in clients over the age of 50 years
difficulties. old.
b. Sudden, stabbing, severe pain
over the lip and chin.
c. Facial weakness and paralysis.
d. Difficulty in chewing, talking,
and swallowing.
3. Which discharge instruction is C - After a renal transplantation, acute rejection is a high
most important for a client after risk for several months. The organ recipient will have
a kidney transplant? to take immunosuppressive therapy for the rest of their
a. Weigh weekly. lives, such as corticosteroids and azathioprine, to prevent
b. Report symptoms of secondary organ transplant rejection. Discharge instructions include
Candidiasis. measures such as daily reminders to ensure the client
c. Use daily reminders to take im- takes these medications regularly to prevent organ rejec-
tion from occurring.
, Med-Surg HESI Final Practice Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_903zmy
munosuppressants.
d. Stop cigarette smoking.
4. The nurse is providing dietary in- B - To reduce risk factors associated with coronary heart
structions to a 68-year-old client disease, the daily intake of soluble fiber should be in-
who is at high risk for develop- creased to between 10 and 25 grams per day. According
ment of coronary heart disease to the American Heart Association, soluble fibers helps
(CHD). Which information should reduce LDL cholesterol levels.
the nurse include?
a. Limit dietary selection of cho-
lesterol to 300 mg per day.
b. Increase intake of soluble fiber
to 10 to 25 grams per day.
c. Decrease plant stanols and
sterols to less than 2 grams/day.
d. Ensure saturated fat is less
than 30% of total caloric intake.
5. Two days postoperative, a male D - For a client exhibiting symptoms of deep vein throm-
client reports aching pain in his bosis (DVT), a complication of immobility, the initial care
left leg. The nurse assesses red- includes bedrest and elevation of the extremity.
ness and warmth on the low-
er left calf. Which intervention
would be most helpful to this
client?
a. Apply sequential compression
devices (SCDs) bilaterally.
b. Assess for a positive Homan's
sign in each leg.
c. Pad all bony prominences on
the affected leg.
, Med-Surg HESI Final Practice Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_903zmy
d. Advise the client to remain in
bed with the leg elevated.
6. A middle-aged male client with di- A - The loss of a limb due to diabetes by a family member
abetes continues to eat an abun- should be the strongest event or "cue to action" and is
dance of foods that are high most likely to increase the client's perceived seriousness
in sugar and fat. According to of the disease.
the Health Belief Model, which
event is most likely to increase
the client's willingness to become
compliant with the prescribed
diet?
a. He visits his diabetic brother
who just had surgery to ampu-
tate an infected foot.
b. He is provided with the most
current information about the
dangers of untreated diabetes.
c. He comments on the communi-
ty service announcements about
preventing complications associ-
ated with diabetes.
d. His wife expresses a sincere
willingness to prepare meals that
are within his prescribed diet.
7. A 58-year-old client who has been B - Post-menopausal females are at risk for osteoporosis
post-menopausal for five years is due to the cessation of estrogen secretion, but a regimen
concerned about the risk for os- including calcium, vitamin D, and weight-bearing exer-
teoporosis because her mother cise can help prevent further bone loss.
has the condition. Which infor-
mation should the nurse offer?
, Med-Surg HESI Final Practice Questions
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_903zmy
a. Osteoporosis is a progressive
genetic disease with no effective
treatment.
b. Calcium loss from bones can
be slowed by increasing calcium
intake and exercise.
c. Estrogen replacement therapy
should be started to prevent the
progression osteoporosis.
d. Low-dose corticosteroid treat-
ment effectively halts the course
of osteoporosis.
8. The nurse notes that the only B
ECG for a 55-year-old male client
scheduled for surgery in two
hours is dated two years ago. The
client reports that he has a his-
tory of "heart trouble," but has
no problems at present. Hospital
protocol requires that those over
50 years of age have a recent ECG
prior to surgery. Which nursing
action is best for the nurse to im-
plement?
a. Ask the client what he means
by "heart trouble."
b. Call for an ECG to be performed
immediately.
c. Notify surgery that the ECG is
over two years old.
