BIOD 101 FINAL EXAM – Accurate Answers To All
Questions
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Terms in this set (648)
a. Name the three parts of a. sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
a nucleic acid nucleotide.
b. What are the particular b. DNA- deoxyribose- phosphate group- adenine,
types of each of these that guanine, cytosine, thymine
are found in DNA and what
are the corresponding RNA- ribose -phosphate group- adenine, guanine,
types that are found in cytosine, uracil
RNA?
1. DNA contains deoxyribose - RNA is ribose
What are the four major 2. DNA: thymine
differences btw DNA and RNA: uracil
RNA? 3. DNA: double stranded helix
RNA: single strand
DNA is often described as The uprights are the sugar phosphate backbone, and
a coiled ladder. In this the rungs are the bases.
description, what two parts
of a DNA nucleotide form
the uprights? What part
forms the rungs?
During dehydration condensation biomacromolecules
are synthesized by joining building block monomers. A
Explain the 2 differences
water molecule is lost and energy is used.
btw hydrolysis and
Biomacromolecules are broken down into monomers
dehydration condensation.
during hydrolysis when a water molecule is added and
energy is released.
,Tell whether each of the Carbohydrate; used as fuel, is referred to as blood
following is carbohydrate, sugar in humans and animals
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
GLUCOSE
Tell whether each of the Carbohydrate; the form in which plants store glucose
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Starch
Tell whether each of the Carbohydrate; woody tissue in plants and trees,
following is carbohydrate, indigestible fiber
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Cellulose
Tell whether each of the Lipid; the major form of fuel storage that when broken
following is carbohydrate, down produces twice as much energy per gram than
lipid, protein, or nucleic carbohydrates
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Triglyceride
Tell whether each of the Lipid; the major constituent of cell membranes
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Phopholipid
,Tell whether each of the Protein; carries oxygen in the blood
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Hemoglobin
Tell whether each of the Nucleic Acid; contains genetic material of cells
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
DNA
Tell whether each of the Nucleic Acid; part of the protein-synthesizing operation
following is carbohydrate, of the cell
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
RNA
Tell whether each of the Lipid; component of animal cell membranes that, when
following is carbohydrate, in excess, can form plaque on artery walls
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Cholesterol
Tell whether each of the Nucleic Acid; releases energy through the breaking of
following is carbohydrate, high-energy phosphate bond
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
ATP
, Tell whether each of the Carbohydrate; the form in which animals and humans
following is carbohydrate, store glucose
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Glycogen
Tell whether each of the Protein; a hormone
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Insulin
Why are proteins so often Because they are "structurally sophisticated". They are
used to build structures? strong, yet flexible and incredibly diverse.
a. Amino acid monomers in a linear chain
b. 2 repeating patterns are possible; a spring like coil of
fibrous proteins within the linear chain forms (alpha-
helix) and/or in the linear chain the pattern snakes back
Explain the following terms and forth; strong and flexible but not elastic. Both
in regard to proteins: conformations held together with hydrogen bonds. It's
a. Primary structure: possible that one chain can have both patterns
b. Secondary structure: c. Folding of the secondary structure; 3D shape
c. Tertiary structure: determined by R-group interactions and hydrogen
d. Quaternary structure: bonds
d. Interactions between two or more polypeptide
chains. Each chain has its own primary, secondary, and
tertiary structure. *need 2 or more polypeptide chains
for this structure*
The bases present in Nitrogen
nucleic acids contain what
element besides C and H
and O?
What is the property that being insoluble in water due to the presence of the
makes a molecule a lipid? long chain of hydrocarbons
What is the main reason for Most biomacromolecules are polar due to the strongly
the polarity of most electronegative oxygen (or nitrogen) in the functional
biomacromolecules? group
Questions
Save
Terms in this set (648)
a. Name the three parts of a. sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
a nucleic acid nucleotide.
b. What are the particular b. DNA- deoxyribose- phosphate group- adenine,
types of each of these that guanine, cytosine, thymine
are found in DNA and what
are the corresponding RNA- ribose -phosphate group- adenine, guanine,
types that are found in cytosine, uracil
RNA?
1. DNA contains deoxyribose - RNA is ribose
What are the four major 2. DNA: thymine
differences btw DNA and RNA: uracil
RNA? 3. DNA: double stranded helix
RNA: single strand
DNA is often described as The uprights are the sugar phosphate backbone, and
a coiled ladder. In this the rungs are the bases.
description, what two parts
of a DNA nucleotide form
the uprights? What part
forms the rungs?
During dehydration condensation biomacromolecules
are synthesized by joining building block monomers. A
Explain the 2 differences
water molecule is lost and energy is used.
btw hydrolysis and
Biomacromolecules are broken down into monomers
dehydration condensation.
during hydrolysis when a water molecule is added and
energy is released.
,Tell whether each of the Carbohydrate; used as fuel, is referred to as blood
following is carbohydrate, sugar in humans and animals
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
GLUCOSE
Tell whether each of the Carbohydrate; the form in which plants store glucose
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Starch
Tell whether each of the Carbohydrate; woody tissue in plants and trees,
following is carbohydrate, indigestible fiber
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Cellulose
Tell whether each of the Lipid; the major form of fuel storage that when broken
following is carbohydrate, down produces twice as much energy per gram than
lipid, protein, or nucleic carbohydrates
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Triglyceride
Tell whether each of the Lipid; the major constituent of cell membranes
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Phopholipid
,Tell whether each of the Protein; carries oxygen in the blood
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Hemoglobin
Tell whether each of the Nucleic Acid; contains genetic material of cells
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
DNA
Tell whether each of the Nucleic Acid; part of the protein-synthesizing operation
following is carbohydrate, of the cell
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
RNA
Tell whether each of the Lipid; component of animal cell membranes that, when
following is carbohydrate, in excess, can form plaque on artery walls
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Cholesterol
Tell whether each of the Nucleic Acid; releases energy through the breaking of
following is carbohydrate, high-energy phosphate bond
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
ATP
, Tell whether each of the Carbohydrate; the form in which animals and humans
following is carbohydrate, store glucose
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Glycogen
Tell whether each of the Protein; a hormone
following is carbohydrate,
lipid, protein, or nucleic
acid. Then explain the use
of each.
Insulin
Why are proteins so often Because they are "structurally sophisticated". They are
used to build structures? strong, yet flexible and incredibly diverse.
a. Amino acid monomers in a linear chain
b. 2 repeating patterns are possible; a spring like coil of
fibrous proteins within the linear chain forms (alpha-
helix) and/or in the linear chain the pattern snakes back
Explain the following terms and forth; strong and flexible but not elastic. Both
in regard to proteins: conformations held together with hydrogen bonds. It's
a. Primary structure: possible that one chain can have both patterns
b. Secondary structure: c. Folding of the secondary structure; 3D shape
c. Tertiary structure: determined by R-group interactions and hydrogen
d. Quaternary structure: bonds
d. Interactions between two or more polypeptide
chains. Each chain has its own primary, secondary, and
tertiary structure. *need 2 or more polypeptide chains
for this structure*
The bases present in Nitrogen
nucleic acids contain what
element besides C and H
and O?
What is the property that being insoluble in water due to the presence of the
makes a molecule a lipid? long chain of hydrocarbons
What is the main reason for Most biomacromolecules are polar due to the strongly
the polarity of most electronegative oxygen (or nitrogen) in the functional
biomacromolecules? group
