Theoretical Foundations of Nursing
Practice Final Exam with Actual
Verified Answers 2025-2026 Edition.
Nursing Theories - Answer Theory-based nursing practice helps to design and implement
nursing interventions that address patient responses to health problems.
Theory is the foundation of the art and science of nursing
Theory is a standard part of nursing practice (whether you are aware of it or not!)
Theories offer well-grounded rationales for specific interventions and predicting patient
behaviors and outcomes.
Expertise in nursing is a result of knowledge and clinical experience.
The expertise to interpret clinical situations and make clinical judgements is the essence of
nursing care. (Benner, 2010).
Theory - Answer Theory: Helps explain an event by defining ideas or concepts, explaining
relationships among the concepts, and predicting outcomes.
Nursing Theory: Conceptualizes an aspect of nursing to describe, explain, predict, or prescribe
nursing care.
Components of a Theory - Answer Phenomenon
Concepts
Definitions
Assumptions
Phenomenon: - Answer A fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one
whose cause or explanation is in question. Ex. Caring (Watson), self-care (Orem), patient
responses to stress (Newman).
,Definitions - Answer The definitions within a theory communicate the general meaning of the
concepts.
Assumptions - Answer Are "taken-for-granted" statements that are accepted as true or as
certain to happen without proof. Ex. Patient's are dynamic.
The Domain of Nursing - Answer Domain: perspective or territory of a profession or discipline
-Central concepts
-Values and beliefs
-Phenomena of interest
-Central problems of the discipline
The domain of nursing includes:
-The practical and theoretical aspect of nursing
-Knowledge of nursing practice
-Nursing hx
-Nursing theory
-Education
-Research
Nursing Paradigm - Answer A theory or a group of ideas about how something should be
done, made, or thought about.
A paradigm is a particular way of viewing the phenomenon of a concern
-It is in the eyes of the beholder: Two nurses may view "a patient".
Nursing Paradigm links the knowledge of science, philosophy, and theories accepted and
applied by the discipline. It links:
-What nursing is
-What nursing does
-Why nurses do what they do
, 1. Person
2. Health
3. Environment
4. Nursing
Person - Answer The recipient of care
Refers to the individual patient, families, and the community
Nursing views the person holistically-comprised of physical, developmental, psycho-social,
cultural, and spiritual components--our "whole is greater than the sum of our parts"
Health - Answer The goal of nursing care
A dynamic state of being, in which the developmental and behavioral potential of the individual
is realized to the fullest extent possible.
A continuum--wellness to illness, health to death
Environment/Situation - Answer Includes all possible conditions affecting patients and the
settings in which their health care needs occur.
Factors in the home, school, workplace, or community influence a patient's level of health and
health care needs.
As humans, we are surrounded by our environment:
-Internal
-External
-Interpersonal
Nursing - Answer "...protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities,
prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the dx and treatment of human
response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and population."
Practice Final Exam with Actual
Verified Answers 2025-2026 Edition.
Nursing Theories - Answer Theory-based nursing practice helps to design and implement
nursing interventions that address patient responses to health problems.
Theory is the foundation of the art and science of nursing
Theory is a standard part of nursing practice (whether you are aware of it or not!)
Theories offer well-grounded rationales for specific interventions and predicting patient
behaviors and outcomes.
Expertise in nursing is a result of knowledge and clinical experience.
The expertise to interpret clinical situations and make clinical judgements is the essence of
nursing care. (Benner, 2010).
Theory - Answer Theory: Helps explain an event by defining ideas or concepts, explaining
relationships among the concepts, and predicting outcomes.
Nursing Theory: Conceptualizes an aspect of nursing to describe, explain, predict, or prescribe
nursing care.
Components of a Theory - Answer Phenomenon
Concepts
Definitions
Assumptions
Phenomenon: - Answer A fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one
whose cause or explanation is in question. Ex. Caring (Watson), self-care (Orem), patient
responses to stress (Newman).
,Definitions - Answer The definitions within a theory communicate the general meaning of the
concepts.
Assumptions - Answer Are "taken-for-granted" statements that are accepted as true or as
certain to happen without proof. Ex. Patient's are dynamic.
The Domain of Nursing - Answer Domain: perspective or territory of a profession or discipline
-Central concepts
-Values and beliefs
-Phenomena of interest
-Central problems of the discipline
The domain of nursing includes:
-The practical and theoretical aspect of nursing
-Knowledge of nursing practice
-Nursing hx
-Nursing theory
-Education
-Research
Nursing Paradigm - Answer A theory or a group of ideas about how something should be
done, made, or thought about.
A paradigm is a particular way of viewing the phenomenon of a concern
-It is in the eyes of the beholder: Two nurses may view "a patient".
Nursing Paradigm links the knowledge of science, philosophy, and theories accepted and
applied by the discipline. It links:
-What nursing is
-What nursing does
-Why nurses do what they do
, 1. Person
2. Health
3. Environment
4. Nursing
Person - Answer The recipient of care
Refers to the individual patient, families, and the community
Nursing views the person holistically-comprised of physical, developmental, psycho-social,
cultural, and spiritual components--our "whole is greater than the sum of our parts"
Health - Answer The goal of nursing care
A dynamic state of being, in which the developmental and behavioral potential of the individual
is realized to the fullest extent possible.
A continuum--wellness to illness, health to death
Environment/Situation - Answer Includes all possible conditions affecting patients and the
settings in which their health care needs occur.
Factors in the home, school, workplace, or community influence a patient's level of health and
health care needs.
As humans, we are surrounded by our environment:
-Internal
-External
-Interpersonal
Nursing - Answer "...protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities,
prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the dx and treatment of human
response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and population."
