RNSG 2539 EXAM 2.docx

RNSG 2539 EXAM 2
(Gas Exchange) with
correct answers
2025/2026


Causes of metabolic acidosis - correct answersKetoacidosis

Lactic Acidosis

Renal Failure

Diarrhea



Causes of metabolic alkalosis - correct answersVomiting

NG suctioning

Diuretic therapy

Severe Hypokalemia

Alkali administration

Steroid therapy



SaO2 normal range - correct answers95-100%

, PaO2 normal range - correct answers80-100



65-75 if 1 mile above sea level



Complications that may arise from prolonged O2 toxicity - correct answersSevere pulmonary
edema

Shunting of blood

Hypoxemia



*O2 administered above 60% or for more than 24 hours should be considered toxic*



*O2 delivered at below 40% is generally nontoxic*



Definition of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure - correct answersO2 sat <60% despite receiving
O2 supplement of 60% or >



Definition of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure - correct answersPCO2 greater than 45% with
acidemia



Classic sign of diffusion limitation - correct answersHypoxemia present during excercise but not
at rest



Normal FiO2 range - correct answersBetween 21 and 100%



ARDS P/F Ratios - correct answersMild: >200 to ≤300



Moderate: 100 to ≤200