Phys 261 Midterm Study Questions
with Accurate Answers
Which can serve as substrates for ATP production? - ANSWERSglucose, amino acids,
fatty acids
Activation energy is - ANSWERSenergy needed to start a reaction
Enzymes increase reaction rate by - ANSWERSlowering the activation energy of the
reaction
A competitive inhibitor binds to - ANSWERSthe active site of the enzyme
After forming a complex with the ribosome, mRNA interacts with a third molecule. This
molecule is called - ANSWERStRNA
An enzyme that adds or subtracts water molecules is a - ANSWERSHydrolase
Information stored in the genes is translated into - ANSWERSRibosomes
When an enzyme 's activity is inactivated by heat or a change in PH, the enzyme is said
to be - ANSWERSdenatured
An enzyme that transfers phosphates from ATP to substrate molecule is a -
ANSWERSProtein kinase
The reactions of glycolysis occur in the cell's ________; the reactions of the citric acid
cycle occur in ___________. - ANSWERScytoplasm, mitochondria
End product inhibition/Feedback inhibition describes the process whereby increasing
amounts of _______ reduce activity of the enzyme. - ANSWERSProduct
When indirect form of energy is released during reactions, it is temporarily trapped in
energy carrying molecules called coenzymes. Which of the following is a coenzyme? -
ANSWERS
In the aerobic metabolism of glucose,_________ acts as the final acceptor of electrons.
- ANSWERSOxygen
ATP synthase transfers the stored energy of the H+ ions to the high-energy phosphate
bond of ________ to form________. - ANSWERS
, The TAC sequence of DNA is the ________ of a coding sequence that is preceded by
the __________ that regulates transcription. - ANSWERSStart, promoter region
All of the triplet codons needed to Geneproduce one functional piece of RNA are found
in one - ANSWERSGene
An allosteric modulator binds to - ANSWERSa site other than the active site
The process of forming mRNA is called - ANSWERStranscription
The enzymes that synthesize mRNA from DNA template are called - ANSWERSRNA
polymerase.
The tRNA molecule contains the three base sequence that allows it to bind to the
mRNA is called the - ANSWERS
The enzyme in the ETC that captures the energy of moving H+ ions and converts it to
ATP is called - ANSWERS
Inside the matrix of the mitchondria, pyruvate - ANSWERSpantothenic acid
The mRNA sequence CAU will bind to the tRNA sequence - ANSWERSGUA
Transcription occurs in the - ANSWERSnucleus
Once synthesized, the ________ of mRNA are removed through ________, which
results in the formation of the coding sequence of a protein. - ANSWERSintrons,
alternative splicing
A red blood cell lacks a mitochondria, therefore it has to obtain the ATP form which of
the following pathway? - ANSWERS
How would the lack of a required cofactor for an enzyme affect that enzymes function? -
ANSWERSThe enzyme would not be able to function.
Maryam eats an apple and starts thinking about how the enzymes in her mouth are
breaking the large structure of the apple down into smaller, more simple structures. This
is an example of - ANSWERScatabolism
To activate a regulated gene, the formation of mRNA is _________ by the binding of
___________ to the promoter. - ANSWERSInduced, transcription factors
Which of the following starts the intermediate step? - ANSWERSNADH
oxidative phosphorylation occurs ________; the beneficial end product is ___________.
- ANSWERSin the mitochondria due to the electron transport system, ATP
with Accurate Answers
Which can serve as substrates for ATP production? - ANSWERSglucose, amino acids,
fatty acids
Activation energy is - ANSWERSenergy needed to start a reaction
Enzymes increase reaction rate by - ANSWERSlowering the activation energy of the
reaction
A competitive inhibitor binds to - ANSWERSthe active site of the enzyme
After forming a complex with the ribosome, mRNA interacts with a third molecule. This
molecule is called - ANSWERStRNA
An enzyme that adds or subtracts water molecules is a - ANSWERSHydrolase
Information stored in the genes is translated into - ANSWERSRibosomes
When an enzyme 's activity is inactivated by heat or a change in PH, the enzyme is said
to be - ANSWERSdenatured
An enzyme that transfers phosphates from ATP to substrate molecule is a -
ANSWERSProtein kinase
The reactions of glycolysis occur in the cell's ________; the reactions of the citric acid
cycle occur in ___________. - ANSWERScytoplasm, mitochondria
End product inhibition/Feedback inhibition describes the process whereby increasing
amounts of _______ reduce activity of the enzyme. - ANSWERSProduct
When indirect form of energy is released during reactions, it is temporarily trapped in
energy carrying molecules called coenzymes. Which of the following is a coenzyme? -
ANSWERS
In the aerobic metabolism of glucose,_________ acts as the final acceptor of electrons.
- ANSWERSOxygen
ATP synthase transfers the stored energy of the H+ ions to the high-energy phosphate
bond of ________ to form________. - ANSWERS
, The TAC sequence of DNA is the ________ of a coding sequence that is preceded by
the __________ that regulates transcription. - ANSWERSStart, promoter region
All of the triplet codons needed to Geneproduce one functional piece of RNA are found
in one - ANSWERSGene
An allosteric modulator binds to - ANSWERSa site other than the active site
The process of forming mRNA is called - ANSWERStranscription
The enzymes that synthesize mRNA from DNA template are called - ANSWERSRNA
polymerase.
The tRNA molecule contains the three base sequence that allows it to bind to the
mRNA is called the - ANSWERS
The enzyme in the ETC that captures the energy of moving H+ ions and converts it to
ATP is called - ANSWERS
Inside the matrix of the mitchondria, pyruvate - ANSWERSpantothenic acid
The mRNA sequence CAU will bind to the tRNA sequence - ANSWERSGUA
Transcription occurs in the - ANSWERSnucleus
Once synthesized, the ________ of mRNA are removed through ________, which
results in the formation of the coding sequence of a protein. - ANSWERSintrons,
alternative splicing
A red blood cell lacks a mitochondria, therefore it has to obtain the ATP form which of
the following pathway? - ANSWERS
How would the lack of a required cofactor for an enzyme affect that enzymes function? -
ANSWERSThe enzyme would not be able to function.
Maryam eats an apple and starts thinking about how the enzymes in her mouth are
breaking the large structure of the apple down into smaller, more simple structures. This
is an example of - ANSWERScatabolism
To activate a regulated gene, the formation of mRNA is _________ by the binding of
___________ to the promoter. - ANSWERSInduced, transcription factors
Which of the following starts the intermediate step? - ANSWERSNADH
oxidative phosphorylation occurs ________; the beneficial end product is ___________.
- ANSWERSin the mitochondria due to the electron transport system, ATP
