TESTBANK FOR NUR 2356 MDC EXAM
|QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT WELL
PASS|GRADED A+
NUR 2356
OVER 250 PAGES WORTH OF ALL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT WELL
DETAILED ANSWERS|LATEST UPDATE!!!!2025/2026|GUARANTEED PASS.VERIFIED
BY EXPERTS
SPOTLIGHT1
,What defects are associated with tetralogy of fallot - ANSWER Pulmonary stenosis:
narrowing of the pulmonary valve
Right ventricular hypertrophy: RV thickens because of increased pressure
Overriding aorta: aorta over R and L ventricle causing mixed blood to enter aortic valve
Ventricular septal defect: hole between ventricles causing mixed blood
Side effects of tetralogy of fallot - ANSWER cyanosis, clubbing of fingers, hypoxia,
dyspnea, POLYCYTHEMIA, tachycardia, poor weight gain, low appetite
How is tetralogy of fallot treated? What does each intervention do? - ANSWER -
Oxygen supplementation: gives oxygen to help child breath
- IV morphine: reduces hypoxia, stress, and anxiety
- IV fluids: prevents shunting and allows better blood flow in heart to lungs
- propranolol: reduces heart rate, gives time for blood to fill during diastole
- calm behavior
- KNEE TO CHEST: improves blood flow to lungs and improves oxygen level.
When using a bag and mask for oxygen, the meter should be turned to what range? -
ANSWER 10-15 ml
1
,What is transposition of the great vessels - ANSWER When the pulmonary artery
arises from the LV and the aorta arises from the RV
Side effect of transposition of the great vessels? - ANSWER cyanosis, tachypnea,
fatigue, heart and growth failure
What medications are given for transposition of the great vessels? What do each med do? -
ANSWER - prostaglandin E1: keep ductus arteriosus open
- diuretics: Some infants with TGV develop heart failure due to increased workload on the
heart, leading to fluid retention so the med removes fluid
- digoxin: increase strength of heart's contraction and cardiac output
What surgeries are performed for transpositional of the great vessel? - ANSWER atrial
balloon septostomy (palliative)
Arterial switch (corrective)
What is ventricular septal defect? What direction does the blood shunt? What is patient at
risk for? - ANSWER Abnormal opening between the ventricles. Left to right shunting.
Risk for infective endocarditis
Where is VSD most heard - ANSWER lower left sternal border
What are clinical manifestations of VSD - ANSWER Heart failure, pulmonary HTN
Often lung infection
Low growth and weight gain
Extra heart sounds (murmur)
2
, What is eisenmenger syndrome? What can this result in? - ANSWER -When a patient
with a left-to-right shunt develops pulmonary HTN, which reverses the flow through the
shunt → right-to-left shunt. Cause cyanosis and chronic hypoxia
What medical management is used to treat ventricular septal defect -
ANSWER surgical closure when pt is age of 2
What is atrial septal defect? - ANSWER abnormal opening between the atria causing
left to right shunting
What are signs and symptoms of atrial septal defect? - ANSWER Heart failure and HTN
Often infections
Low growth and low weight gain
Extra sounds (Murmurs)
Stroke risk!
Think HOLES
*HF causes dyspnea, edema, cold, clammy, crackles, fatigue*
How are small defects treated for atrial septal defect? What about for large defects? -
ANSWER - spontaneous closure within 18 months
- if not spontaneously closed at 3 yrs, corrective surgery needed
- Types of surgery include:
1. Cardiac catheterization (aspirin therapy for 6 months post)
2. Open heart surgery (atrial arrhythmias may develop)
How are moderate/large defects treated for atrial septal defect? - ANSWER cardiac
catheterization
Open heart surgery
3
|QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT WELL
PASS|GRADED A+
NUR 2356
OVER 250 PAGES WORTH OF ALL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT WELL
DETAILED ANSWERS|LATEST UPDATE!!!!2025/2026|GUARANTEED PASS.VERIFIED
BY EXPERTS
SPOTLIGHT1
,What defects are associated with tetralogy of fallot - ANSWER Pulmonary stenosis:
narrowing of the pulmonary valve
Right ventricular hypertrophy: RV thickens because of increased pressure
Overriding aorta: aorta over R and L ventricle causing mixed blood to enter aortic valve
Ventricular septal defect: hole between ventricles causing mixed blood
Side effects of tetralogy of fallot - ANSWER cyanosis, clubbing of fingers, hypoxia,
dyspnea, POLYCYTHEMIA, tachycardia, poor weight gain, low appetite
How is tetralogy of fallot treated? What does each intervention do? - ANSWER -
Oxygen supplementation: gives oxygen to help child breath
- IV morphine: reduces hypoxia, stress, and anxiety
- IV fluids: prevents shunting and allows better blood flow in heart to lungs
- propranolol: reduces heart rate, gives time for blood to fill during diastole
- calm behavior
- KNEE TO CHEST: improves blood flow to lungs and improves oxygen level.
When using a bag and mask for oxygen, the meter should be turned to what range? -
ANSWER 10-15 ml
1
,What is transposition of the great vessels - ANSWER When the pulmonary artery
arises from the LV and the aorta arises from the RV
Side effect of transposition of the great vessels? - ANSWER cyanosis, tachypnea,
fatigue, heart and growth failure
What medications are given for transposition of the great vessels? What do each med do? -
ANSWER - prostaglandin E1: keep ductus arteriosus open
- diuretics: Some infants with TGV develop heart failure due to increased workload on the
heart, leading to fluid retention so the med removes fluid
- digoxin: increase strength of heart's contraction and cardiac output
What surgeries are performed for transpositional of the great vessel? - ANSWER atrial
balloon septostomy (palliative)
Arterial switch (corrective)
What is ventricular septal defect? What direction does the blood shunt? What is patient at
risk for? - ANSWER Abnormal opening between the ventricles. Left to right shunting.
Risk for infective endocarditis
Where is VSD most heard - ANSWER lower left sternal border
What are clinical manifestations of VSD - ANSWER Heart failure, pulmonary HTN
Often lung infection
Low growth and weight gain
Extra heart sounds (murmur)
2
, What is eisenmenger syndrome? What can this result in? - ANSWER -When a patient
with a left-to-right shunt develops pulmonary HTN, which reverses the flow through the
shunt → right-to-left shunt. Cause cyanosis and chronic hypoxia
What medical management is used to treat ventricular septal defect -
ANSWER surgical closure when pt is age of 2
What is atrial septal defect? - ANSWER abnormal opening between the atria causing
left to right shunting
What are signs and symptoms of atrial septal defect? - ANSWER Heart failure and HTN
Often infections
Low growth and low weight gain
Extra sounds (Murmurs)
Stroke risk!
Think HOLES
*HF causes dyspnea, edema, cold, clammy, crackles, fatigue*
How are small defects treated for atrial septal defect? What about for large defects? -
ANSWER - spontaneous closure within 18 months
- if not spontaneously closed at 3 yrs, corrective surgery needed
- Types of surgery include:
1. Cardiac catheterization (aspirin therapy for 6 months post)
2. Open heart surgery (atrial arrhythmias may develop)
How are moderate/large defects treated for atrial septal defect? - ANSWER cardiac
catheterization
Open heart surgery
3
