EVOLVE HESI PHARM COMPREHENSIVE
REVIEW GUIDE WITH SCENARIOS AND
ANSWERS
◉Which statement about language development in preschoolers is
correct?
1 Preschoolers find words such as "die" and "dye" confusing.
2 Preschoolers realize that words have arbitrary rather than absolute
meanings.
3 Preschoolers become aware of the rules for linking words into phrases
and sentences.
4 Preschoolers accept language as a means of representing the world in a
subjective manner. . Answer: 1
Preschooler children find phonetically similar words such as "die" and
"dye" confusing. School-aged children realize that words have arbitrary
rather than absolute meanings. School-aged children become aware of
the rules for linking words into phrases and sentences; they also accept
language as a means of representing the world in a subjective manner.
,◉Which data collected during a developmental assessment for a 5-year-
old client would indicate the need for further intervention?
1 Names coins correctly
2 Has a vocabulary of 1500 words
3 Ties shoe laces independently
4 Has hand dominance established . Answer: 2
The nurse would expect that the 5-year-old client would have a
vocabulary of 2100, not 1500, words; therefore, this finding would
indicate the need for further intervention by the nurse. It is expected the
that 5-year-old client will be able to name coins correctly, tie shoe laces
independently, and have established hand dominance; therefore, this data
does not indicate the need for further intervention.
◉According to Freud's theory, in what order do the stages of child
development occur?
1. Anal
2. Oral
3. Genital
4. Oedipal
5. Latency . Answer: 2, 1, 4, 5, 3
,Freud's theory sets forth five stages of child development. The oral stage
(stage 1) spans the period from birth to 12 to 18 months. The anal stage
(stage 2) occurs between the ages of 18 months and 3 years. The Oedipal
stage (stage 3) occurs between 3 and 6 years of age. The latency stage
(stage 4) occurs between the ages of 6 and 12 years. Finally, the genital
stage (stage 5) lasts from puberty through adulthood.
◉Which period of Piaget's theory describes the idea of object
permanence?
1 Sensorimotor period
2 Preoperational period
3 Formal operations period
4 Concrete operations period . Answer: 1
There are four periods of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. The
first period is the sensorimotor period; this period describes object
permanence. During the ages of birth to 2 years old, the child
understands that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible.
The second period is the preoperational period, which is observed in
children between the ages of 2 and 7 years. During this time, children
learn to think about the use of symbols and have mental images. The
third period is the concrete operations period, which is observed between
the ages of 7 and 11 years. During this period, the child thinks about an
action before performing it. The formal operations period is the fourth
period, which is observed in children from the ages of 11 years old
, throughout adulthood. During this period, there is a prevalence of
egocentric thought
◉A nurse is educating a group of mothers about the nutritional needs of
toddlers. Which of these statements made by a mother indicate the need
for further teaching? Select all that apply.
1 "I need to give more than 24 ounces of milk per day."
2 "I should provide more calories from fats than proteins."
3 "I should refrain from giving grapes, nuts, and raw vegetables."
4 "I should give foods rich in calcium and phosphorus for healthy bone
growth."
5 "I should try to give small, frequent meals consisting of breakfast,
lunch, and dinner." . Answer: 1, 2
Toddlers who consume more than 24 ounces of milk daily in place of
other foods may develop milk anemia, because milk is a poor source of
iron. A toddler needs more protein than fats in the diet. Certain foods,
such as nuts, grapes, and raw vegetables, as well as hot dogs, candy, and
popcorn, have been implicated in choking deaths and should be avoided.
Calcium and phosphorus are important for healthy bone growth. Small
frequent meals consisting of breakfast, lunch, and dinner with three
interspersed high nutrient-dense snacks help improve nutritional intake.
REVIEW GUIDE WITH SCENARIOS AND
ANSWERS
◉Which statement about language development in preschoolers is
correct?
1 Preschoolers find words such as "die" and "dye" confusing.
2 Preschoolers realize that words have arbitrary rather than absolute
meanings.
3 Preschoolers become aware of the rules for linking words into phrases
and sentences.
4 Preschoolers accept language as a means of representing the world in a
subjective manner. . Answer: 1
Preschooler children find phonetically similar words such as "die" and
"dye" confusing. School-aged children realize that words have arbitrary
rather than absolute meanings. School-aged children become aware of
the rules for linking words into phrases and sentences; they also accept
language as a means of representing the world in a subjective manner.
,◉Which data collected during a developmental assessment for a 5-year-
old client would indicate the need for further intervention?
1 Names coins correctly
2 Has a vocabulary of 1500 words
3 Ties shoe laces independently
4 Has hand dominance established . Answer: 2
The nurse would expect that the 5-year-old client would have a
vocabulary of 2100, not 1500, words; therefore, this finding would
indicate the need for further intervention by the nurse. It is expected the
that 5-year-old client will be able to name coins correctly, tie shoe laces
independently, and have established hand dominance; therefore, this data
does not indicate the need for further intervention.
◉According to Freud's theory, in what order do the stages of child
development occur?
1. Anal
2. Oral
3. Genital
4. Oedipal
5. Latency . Answer: 2, 1, 4, 5, 3
,Freud's theory sets forth five stages of child development. The oral stage
(stage 1) spans the period from birth to 12 to 18 months. The anal stage
(stage 2) occurs between the ages of 18 months and 3 years. The Oedipal
stage (stage 3) occurs between 3 and 6 years of age. The latency stage
(stage 4) occurs between the ages of 6 and 12 years. Finally, the genital
stage (stage 5) lasts from puberty through adulthood.
◉Which period of Piaget's theory describes the idea of object
permanence?
1 Sensorimotor period
2 Preoperational period
3 Formal operations period
4 Concrete operations period . Answer: 1
There are four periods of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. The
first period is the sensorimotor period; this period describes object
permanence. During the ages of birth to 2 years old, the child
understands that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible.
The second period is the preoperational period, which is observed in
children between the ages of 2 and 7 years. During this time, children
learn to think about the use of symbols and have mental images. The
third period is the concrete operations period, which is observed between
the ages of 7 and 11 years. During this period, the child thinks about an
action before performing it. The formal operations period is the fourth
period, which is observed in children from the ages of 11 years old
, throughout adulthood. During this period, there is a prevalence of
egocentric thought
◉A nurse is educating a group of mothers about the nutritional needs of
toddlers. Which of these statements made by a mother indicate the need
for further teaching? Select all that apply.
1 "I need to give more than 24 ounces of milk per day."
2 "I should provide more calories from fats than proteins."
3 "I should refrain from giving grapes, nuts, and raw vegetables."
4 "I should give foods rich in calcium and phosphorus for healthy bone
growth."
5 "I should try to give small, frequent meals consisting of breakfast,
lunch, and dinner." . Answer: 1, 2
Toddlers who consume more than 24 ounces of milk daily in place of
other foods may develop milk anemia, because milk is a poor source of
iron. A toddler needs more protein than fats in the diet. Certain foods,
such as nuts, grapes, and raw vegetables, as well as hot dogs, candy, and
popcorn, have been implicated in choking deaths and should be avoided.
Calcium and phosphorus are important for healthy bone growth. Small
frequent meals consisting of breakfast, lunch, and dinner with three
interspersed high nutrient-dense snacks help improve nutritional intake.
