AP BIO EVOLUTION MULTIPLE
CHOICE
Both Darwin's and Lamarck's ideas regarding evolution suggest which of the following?
a. all species were fixed at the time of creation
b. acquired physical characteristics can be inherited
c. the giraffe's long neck is the result of artificial selection
d. the main mechanism of evolution is natural selection
e. the interaction of organisms with their environment is important to the evolutionary
process. - Correct Answers -e.
During drought years on the Galapagos, small, easily eaten seeds become rare, leaving
mostly large, hard-cased seeds that only birds with large beaks can eat. If a drought
persists for several years, what should one expect to result from natural selection?
a. small birds gaining larger beaks by exercising their mouth parts
b. small birds mutating their beak genes with the result that later-generation offspring
have larger beaks
c. small birds anticipating the long drought and eating more to gain weight and,
consequently, growing larger beaks
d. more small-beaked birds dying than the larger-beaked birds. The offspring produced
in subsequent generations have a higher percentage of birds with large beaks
e. larger birds eating less so smaller birds can survive. - Correct Answers -d.
natural selection is based on all of the following *except*...
a. variation exists within populations
b. the fittest individuals tend to leave the most offspring
c. there is differential reproductive success within populations
d. populations tend to produce more individuals than the environment can support.
e. individuals must adapt to their environment - Correct Answers -e.
To observe natural selectionʹs effects on a population, which of these must be true?
A) One must observe more than one generation of the population.
B) The population must contain genetic variation.
C) Members of the population must increase or decrease the use of some portion of
their anatomy.
D) A and C only
E) A and B only - Correct Answers -E
, Which of the following statements is *not* an inference of natural selection?
a.) subsequent generations of a population should have greater proportions of
individuals the possess favorable traits.
b.) an individual organism undergoes evolution over the course of its lifetime
c.) often only a fraction of offspring survive, because there is a struggle for limited
resources
d.) individuals whose inherited characteristics best for them to the environment should
leave more offspring
e.) unequal reproductive success among its members leads a population to adapt over
time - Correct Answers -b.
DDT was once considered a ʺsilver bulletʺ that would permanently eradicate insect
pests. Today, instead, DDT is largely useless against many insects. Which of these
would have been required for this pest eradication effort to be successful in the long
run?
A) Larger doses of DDT should have been applied.
B) All habitats should have received applications of DDT at about the same time.
C) The frequency of DDT application should have been higher.
D) all of the individual insects should have possessed genomes that made them
resistant to DDT.
E) DDT application should have been continual. - Correct Answers –D
Which of the following statements best summarizes evolution as it is viewed today?
a.) it is goal-directed
b.) it represents the result of selection for acquired characteristics
c.) it is synonymous with the process of gene flow
d.) it is the descent of humans from the present-day great apes
e.) it is the differential survival and reproduction of the most fit phenotypes - Correct
Answers -e.
Cattle breeders have improved the quality of meat over the years by which process?
a.) artificial selection
b.) directional selection
c.) stabilizing selection
d.) A and B
e.) A and C - Correct Answers -d.
The allele that causes phenylketonuria (PKU) is harmful, except when an infant's diet
lacks the amino acid, phenylalanine. What maintains the presence of this harmful allele
in a population's gene pool?
a.) heterozygote advantage
b.) stabilizing selection
c.) balanced polymorphism
d.) diploidy
e.) balancing selection - Correct Answers -d.
CHOICE
Both Darwin's and Lamarck's ideas regarding evolution suggest which of the following?
a. all species were fixed at the time of creation
b. acquired physical characteristics can be inherited
c. the giraffe's long neck is the result of artificial selection
d. the main mechanism of evolution is natural selection
e. the interaction of organisms with their environment is important to the evolutionary
process. - Correct Answers -e.
During drought years on the Galapagos, small, easily eaten seeds become rare, leaving
mostly large, hard-cased seeds that only birds with large beaks can eat. If a drought
persists for several years, what should one expect to result from natural selection?
a. small birds gaining larger beaks by exercising their mouth parts
b. small birds mutating their beak genes with the result that later-generation offspring
have larger beaks
c. small birds anticipating the long drought and eating more to gain weight and,
consequently, growing larger beaks
d. more small-beaked birds dying than the larger-beaked birds. The offspring produced
in subsequent generations have a higher percentage of birds with large beaks
e. larger birds eating less so smaller birds can survive. - Correct Answers -d.
natural selection is based on all of the following *except*...
a. variation exists within populations
b. the fittest individuals tend to leave the most offspring
c. there is differential reproductive success within populations
d. populations tend to produce more individuals than the environment can support.
e. individuals must adapt to their environment - Correct Answers -e.
To observe natural selectionʹs effects on a population, which of these must be true?
A) One must observe more than one generation of the population.
B) The population must contain genetic variation.
C) Members of the population must increase or decrease the use of some portion of
their anatomy.
D) A and C only
E) A and B only - Correct Answers -E
, Which of the following statements is *not* an inference of natural selection?
a.) subsequent generations of a population should have greater proportions of
individuals the possess favorable traits.
b.) an individual organism undergoes evolution over the course of its lifetime
c.) often only a fraction of offspring survive, because there is a struggle for limited
resources
d.) individuals whose inherited characteristics best for them to the environment should
leave more offspring
e.) unequal reproductive success among its members leads a population to adapt over
time - Correct Answers -b.
DDT was once considered a ʺsilver bulletʺ that would permanently eradicate insect
pests. Today, instead, DDT is largely useless against many insects. Which of these
would have been required for this pest eradication effort to be successful in the long
run?
A) Larger doses of DDT should have been applied.
B) All habitats should have received applications of DDT at about the same time.
C) The frequency of DDT application should have been higher.
D) all of the individual insects should have possessed genomes that made them
resistant to DDT.
E) DDT application should have been continual. - Correct Answers –D
Which of the following statements best summarizes evolution as it is viewed today?
a.) it is goal-directed
b.) it represents the result of selection for acquired characteristics
c.) it is synonymous with the process of gene flow
d.) it is the descent of humans from the present-day great apes
e.) it is the differential survival and reproduction of the most fit phenotypes - Correct
Answers -e.
Cattle breeders have improved the quality of meat over the years by which process?
a.) artificial selection
b.) directional selection
c.) stabilizing selection
d.) A and B
e.) A and C - Correct Answers -d.
The allele that causes phenylketonuria (PKU) is harmful, except when an infant's diet
lacks the amino acid, phenylalanine. What maintains the presence of this harmful allele
in a population's gene pool?
a.) heterozygote advantage
b.) stabilizing selection
c.) balanced polymorphism
d.) diploidy
e.) balancing selection - Correct Answers -d.
