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BIOL 251 Human Anatomy & Physiology | Comprehensive Exam Study Guide with Questions and Answers

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This BIOL 251 Human Anatomy & Physiology Exam Study Guide provides a complete collection of exam-style questions with verified answers covering major anatomical systems and physiological concepts. Topics include body cavities, respiratory and cardiovascular systems, nervous system organization, thoracic and mediastinal structures, blood circulation, and autonomic nervous system function. It also details muscle and arterial supply, lung lobes and pleura, heart anatomy, conduction system, and fetal circulation structures such as the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale. Designed for college-level anatomy and physiology courses, this guide is ideal for mastering key material and preparing for cumulative or lab-based exams.

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Uploaded on
November 2, 2025
Number of pages
10
Written in
2025/2026
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BIOL251 HUMAN ANATOMY &
PHYSIOLOGY EXAMS




Questions and Answers

, What are the dorsal body cavities?
kr kr kr kr kr Cranial and spinal kr kr




What are the two main ventral body cavities? Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




What are the subcategories of the thoracic cavity?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




Left pleural cavity, right pleural cavity, and pericardial cavity
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




What is the subcategory of the abdominopelvic cavity?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr Peritoneal cavity kr




What is the inlet, outlet, and boundaries of the thoracic cavity?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




Inlet: thoracic cavity, outlet: diaphragm, and boundaries: thoracic vertebrae (dorsal)/ribs (l
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




aterally)/sternum (ventral) kr




Describe the relationship between shape of the thoracic cavity and breeds?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




Deep chested dogs are compressed laterally, thus a deep chest for respiration. Allows for sc
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




apula to swing for running. Inverse for barrel shaped dogs.
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




What is the condition where air gets trapped in the tissues under the skin?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




Subcutaneous emphysema kr




What are the two pleural serous membrane that for the pleural sacs?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




Left and right pleural sacs kr kr kr kr




What separates the two pleural serous membranes? Mediastinal Space
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




How do the two left and right pleural sacs communicate?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr They cannot, they do not interact kr kr kr kr kr




What are the two types of pleura?
kr kr kr kr kr kr Visceral and Parietal kr kr




What does the pulmonary (visceral) pleura line?
kr kr kr kr kr kr Lungs

What does visceral plura line? Organs
kr kr kr kr




What does parietal pleura line?
kr kr kr kr Walls

What are the four parietal pleura?
kr kr kr kr kr Mediastinal, Costal, Diaphragmatic, and Sternal kr kr kr kr




Which pleura lines the thoracic cavity at the point of the ribs? Costal (parietal) pleura
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




Which pleura lines the thoracic cavity at the point of the sternebrae? Sternal (parietal) pleura
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




Which pleura lines the thoracic cavity at the point of the diaphragm?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




Diaphragmatic (parietal) pleura kr kr




Which pleura lines the thoracic cavity at the point of the inner lungs? Mediastinal (parietal) pleura
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




What pleura bends back over itself and what is this point called?
kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr kr




Diaphragmatic, Diaphragmatic line of pleural reflection kr kr kr kr kr
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