PN HESI EXIT EXAM / LATEST COMPLETE VERSION / ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWES WITH RATIONALES (A+ GUIDE SOLUTION) 2025/2026.
1.The LPN/LVN is planning care for a client who has a fourth-degree midline laceration that
occurred during the vaginal delivery of an 8-pound, 10-ounce infant. What intervention has
the highest priority?
A. Administer prescribed stool softener.
B. Administer prescribed PRN sleep medications.
C. Encourage breastfeeding to promote uterine involution.
D. Encourage use of prescribed analgesic perineal sprays.
Correct Answer: A. Administer prescribed stool softener.
Rationale: A fourth-degree laceration extends through the rectal sphincter and into the rectal
mucosa. Preventing straining during a bowel movement is the highest priority to avoid stress
on the suture line and promote healing. Stool softeners will make the stool easier to pass.
2. The LPN/LVN is palpating the right upper hypochondriac region of the abdomen of a client.
What organ lies underneath this area?
A. Duodenum
B. Gastric Pylorus
C. Liver
D. Spleen
Correct Answer: C. Liver
Rationale: The liver is the largest solid organ in the body and is located primarily in the right
upper quadrant (hypochondriac region) of the abdomen, just below the diaphragm.
3. A client comes to the antepartal clinic and tells the LPN/LVN that she is 6 weeks pregnant.
Which sign is she most likely to report?
A. Decreased sexual libido
B. Amenorrhea
C. Quickening
D. Nocturia
Correct Answer: B. Amenorrhea
,Rationale: Amenorrhea, the absence of a menstrual period, is one of the earliest presumptive
signs of pregnancy. Quickening, the first perception of fetal movement, typically occurs much
later (around 16-20 weeks).
4. A client's daughter phones the charge nurse to report that the night LPN/LVN did not
provide good care for her mother. What response should the nurse make?
A. Ask for a description of what happened during the night.
B. Tell the daughter to talk to the unit's nurse manager.
C. Reassure the daughter that the mother will get better care.
D. Explain that all the staff are doing the best they can.
Correct Answer: A. Ask for a description of what happened during the night.
Rationale: The first step in problem-solving and addressing a complaint is to gather specific
information. This demonstrates active listening and a commitment to understanding the issue
before taking further action.
5. A hospitalized toddler who is recovering from a sickle cell crisis holds a toy and says,
"Mine." According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, this child's behavior is a
demonstration of which developmental stage?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
B. Industry vs. Inferiority
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Trust vs. Mistrust
Correct Answer: A. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
Rationale: This stage occurs between 18 months and 3 years. A key task is for the toddler to
develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence.
Expressing ownership ("Mine") is a classic example of asserting autonomy.
6. Which action should the LPN/LVN implement in caring for a client following an
electroencephalogram (EEG)?
A. Monitor the client's vital signs q4h.
B. Assess for sensation in the client's lower extremities.
,C. Instruct the client to maintain bed rest for eight hours.
D. Wash any paste from the client's hair and scalp.
Correct Answer: D. Wash any paste from the client's hair and scalp.
Rationale: An EEG is a non-invasive procedure where electrodes are attached to the scalp with
a conductive paste. Post-procedure care involves removing the paste to ensure client comfort.
The procedure does not require bed rest or frequent vital sign monitoring.
7. The LPN/LVN is caring for a 75-year-old male client who is beginning to form a decubitus
ulcer at the coccyx. Which intervention will be most helpful in preventing further
development of the decubitus?
A. Encourage the client to eat foods high in protein.
B. Assist the client with daily range of motion exercises.
C. Teach the family how to perform sterile wound care.
D. Ensure the IV fluids are administered as prescribed.
Correct Answer: A. Encourage the client to eat foods high in protein.
Rationale: Adequate nutrition, particularly protein, is essential for maintaining skin integrity
and promoting wound healing. A positive nitrogen balance is required to prevent skin
breakdown and repair tissue.
8. What is the homeostatic cellular transport mechanism that moves water from a hypotonic
to a hypertonic fluid space?
A. Filtration
B. Diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Active transport
Correct Answer: C. Osmosis
Rationale: Osmosis is the specific term for the movement of water across a semipermeable
membrane from an area of lower solute concentration (hypotonic) to an area of higher solute
concentration (hypertonic) to equalize the concentration.
, 9. The LPN/LVN is taking the blood pressure of a client admitted with a possible myocardial
infarction. When taking the client's BP at the brachial artery, the nurse should place the
client's arm in which position?
A. Slightly above the level of the heart
B. At the level of the heart
C. At the level of comfort for the client
D. Below the level of the heart
Correct Answer: B. At the level of the heart
Rationale: For an accurate blood pressure reading, the brachial artery should be at the same
level as the heart. Positioning the arm above the heart can lead to a falsely low reading, while
positioning it below the heart can lead to a falsely high reading.
10. What are the final parameters that produce blood pressure? (Select all that apply)
A. Heart rate
B. Stroke volume
C. Peripheral resistance
D. Neuroendocrine hormones
E. Muscle tone
Correct Answer: A. Heart rate, B. Stroke volume, C. Peripheral resistance
Rationale: Blood pressure is a product of cardiac output (Heart Rate x Stroke Volume) and
peripheral vascular resistance. These three factors are the direct determinants of the pressure
exerted on the arterial walls.
11. A client begins an antidepressant drug during the second day of hospitalization. Which
assessment is most important for the LPN/LVN to include in this client's plan of care while the
client is taking the antidepressant?
A. Appetite
B. Mood
C. Withdrawal
D. Energy level
Correct Answer: B. Mood
AND ANSWES WITH RATIONALES (A+ GUIDE SOLUTION) 2025/2026.
1.The LPN/LVN is planning care for a client who has a fourth-degree midline laceration that
occurred during the vaginal delivery of an 8-pound, 10-ounce infant. What intervention has
the highest priority?
A. Administer prescribed stool softener.
B. Administer prescribed PRN sleep medications.
C. Encourage breastfeeding to promote uterine involution.
D. Encourage use of prescribed analgesic perineal sprays.
Correct Answer: A. Administer prescribed stool softener.
Rationale: A fourth-degree laceration extends through the rectal sphincter and into the rectal
mucosa. Preventing straining during a bowel movement is the highest priority to avoid stress
on the suture line and promote healing. Stool softeners will make the stool easier to pass.
2. The LPN/LVN is palpating the right upper hypochondriac region of the abdomen of a client.
What organ lies underneath this area?
A. Duodenum
B. Gastric Pylorus
C. Liver
D. Spleen
Correct Answer: C. Liver
Rationale: The liver is the largest solid organ in the body and is located primarily in the right
upper quadrant (hypochondriac region) of the abdomen, just below the diaphragm.
3. A client comes to the antepartal clinic and tells the LPN/LVN that she is 6 weeks pregnant.
Which sign is she most likely to report?
A. Decreased sexual libido
B. Amenorrhea
C. Quickening
D. Nocturia
Correct Answer: B. Amenorrhea
,Rationale: Amenorrhea, the absence of a menstrual period, is one of the earliest presumptive
signs of pregnancy. Quickening, the first perception of fetal movement, typically occurs much
later (around 16-20 weeks).
4. A client's daughter phones the charge nurse to report that the night LPN/LVN did not
provide good care for her mother. What response should the nurse make?
A. Ask for a description of what happened during the night.
B. Tell the daughter to talk to the unit's nurse manager.
C. Reassure the daughter that the mother will get better care.
D. Explain that all the staff are doing the best they can.
Correct Answer: A. Ask for a description of what happened during the night.
Rationale: The first step in problem-solving and addressing a complaint is to gather specific
information. This demonstrates active listening and a commitment to understanding the issue
before taking further action.
5. A hospitalized toddler who is recovering from a sickle cell crisis holds a toy and says,
"Mine." According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, this child's behavior is a
demonstration of which developmental stage?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
B. Industry vs. Inferiority
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Trust vs. Mistrust
Correct Answer: A. Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
Rationale: This stage occurs between 18 months and 3 years. A key task is for the toddler to
develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence.
Expressing ownership ("Mine") is a classic example of asserting autonomy.
6. Which action should the LPN/LVN implement in caring for a client following an
electroencephalogram (EEG)?
A. Monitor the client's vital signs q4h.
B. Assess for sensation in the client's lower extremities.
,C. Instruct the client to maintain bed rest for eight hours.
D. Wash any paste from the client's hair and scalp.
Correct Answer: D. Wash any paste from the client's hair and scalp.
Rationale: An EEG is a non-invasive procedure where electrodes are attached to the scalp with
a conductive paste. Post-procedure care involves removing the paste to ensure client comfort.
The procedure does not require bed rest or frequent vital sign monitoring.
7. The LPN/LVN is caring for a 75-year-old male client who is beginning to form a decubitus
ulcer at the coccyx. Which intervention will be most helpful in preventing further
development of the decubitus?
A. Encourage the client to eat foods high in protein.
B. Assist the client with daily range of motion exercises.
C. Teach the family how to perform sterile wound care.
D. Ensure the IV fluids are administered as prescribed.
Correct Answer: A. Encourage the client to eat foods high in protein.
Rationale: Adequate nutrition, particularly protein, is essential for maintaining skin integrity
and promoting wound healing. A positive nitrogen balance is required to prevent skin
breakdown and repair tissue.
8. What is the homeostatic cellular transport mechanism that moves water from a hypotonic
to a hypertonic fluid space?
A. Filtration
B. Diffusion
C. Osmosis
D. Active transport
Correct Answer: C. Osmosis
Rationale: Osmosis is the specific term for the movement of water across a semipermeable
membrane from an area of lower solute concentration (hypotonic) to an area of higher solute
concentration (hypertonic) to equalize the concentration.
, 9. The LPN/LVN is taking the blood pressure of a client admitted with a possible myocardial
infarction. When taking the client's BP at the brachial artery, the nurse should place the
client's arm in which position?
A. Slightly above the level of the heart
B. At the level of the heart
C. At the level of comfort for the client
D. Below the level of the heart
Correct Answer: B. At the level of the heart
Rationale: For an accurate blood pressure reading, the brachial artery should be at the same
level as the heart. Positioning the arm above the heart can lead to a falsely low reading, while
positioning it below the heart can lead to a falsely high reading.
10. What are the final parameters that produce blood pressure? (Select all that apply)
A. Heart rate
B. Stroke volume
C. Peripheral resistance
D. Neuroendocrine hormones
E. Muscle tone
Correct Answer: A. Heart rate, B. Stroke volume, C. Peripheral resistance
Rationale: Blood pressure is a product of cardiac output (Heart Rate x Stroke Volume) and
peripheral vascular resistance. These three factors are the direct determinants of the pressure
exerted on the arterial walls.
11. A client begins an antidepressant drug during the second day of hospitalization. Which
assessment is most important for the LPN/LVN to include in this client's plan of care while the
client is taking the antidepressant?
A. Appetite
B. Mood
C. Withdrawal
D. Energy level
Correct Answer: B. Mood
