Fresenius Exam Questions AND Correct Answers
Arterial pressure alarm - ✔✔AP is the amount of pressure it
takes to "pull" the blood from the access to get it to the
dialyzer. Since it is a pull it is negative pressure. Anything that
blocks the pull will increase the pressure.
Causes of hemolysis? - ✔✔-Hypotonic dialysate
-Dialysate temp (too hot)
-kinks in the blood line
-arterial pressure >-250
Conductivity Alarm - ✔✔If the dialysate falls below or rises
above the conductivity limit, the machine will alarm and go
into bypass and the dialysate is shunted to the drain. If the
conductivity is too low, dialysate is dilute (hypotonic).
Define extracellular - ✔✔Outside the cell - 30% of body fluids
Define interstitial. - ✔✔Inbetween the cells- 20% of body
fluids
Define intracellular - ✔✔Inside the cell- 70% of body fluids
,Define intravascular. - ✔✔Inside the blood vessel- only pulls
10% of all body fluids at a time
Desired hemoglobin level for dialysis patients? - ✔✔10-11 (if
out of range: follow algorithm & notify rn)
EBCT - ✔✔Empty Bed Contact Time
Minimum of 5 minutes in polisher tank
How can we tell whether or not a dialysis treatment is
effective? - ✔✔The UKM, Kt/v, and URR rely on the Pre and
Post BUN being drawn correctly.
How do you prevent TB in the clinic? - ✔✔Active TB patients
cannot dialyze in clinics. Pt must have 3 consecutive negative
sputum cultures before the can return dialyzing in clinic.
How is TB spread? - ✔✔Airborne droplets from infected
individuals
, How long to lab tubes spin for? - ✔✔15-20 min.
How to prevent air embolism? - ✔✔1. Test machine prior to
use
2. Don't use if it fails
3. Make sure the air detector is armed
4. Keep at least 300 ml NS at all times
How to prevent hemolysis? - ✔✔1. Test machines prior to
each treatment (do not use if they fail)
2. Confirm conductivity and pH with Phoenix meter
3. Place bloodlines in line guides
4. Don't run patient with an AP of >-250
5. Troubleshoot: adjust arterial needle, reduce BFR
Hypertonic solution causes what? - ✔✔Crenation
Hypotonic solution causes what? - ✔✔Hemolysis
Arterial pressure alarm - ✔✔AP is the amount of pressure it
takes to "pull" the blood from the access to get it to the
dialyzer. Since it is a pull it is negative pressure. Anything that
blocks the pull will increase the pressure.
Causes of hemolysis? - ✔✔-Hypotonic dialysate
-Dialysate temp (too hot)
-kinks in the blood line
-arterial pressure >-250
Conductivity Alarm - ✔✔If the dialysate falls below or rises
above the conductivity limit, the machine will alarm and go
into bypass and the dialysate is shunted to the drain. If the
conductivity is too low, dialysate is dilute (hypotonic).
Define extracellular - ✔✔Outside the cell - 30% of body fluids
Define interstitial. - ✔✔Inbetween the cells- 20% of body
fluids
Define intracellular - ✔✔Inside the cell- 70% of body fluids
,Define intravascular. - ✔✔Inside the blood vessel- only pulls
10% of all body fluids at a time
Desired hemoglobin level for dialysis patients? - ✔✔10-11 (if
out of range: follow algorithm & notify rn)
EBCT - ✔✔Empty Bed Contact Time
Minimum of 5 minutes in polisher tank
How can we tell whether or not a dialysis treatment is
effective? - ✔✔The UKM, Kt/v, and URR rely on the Pre and
Post BUN being drawn correctly.
How do you prevent TB in the clinic? - ✔✔Active TB patients
cannot dialyze in clinics. Pt must have 3 consecutive negative
sputum cultures before the can return dialyzing in clinic.
How is TB spread? - ✔✔Airborne droplets from infected
individuals
, How long to lab tubes spin for? - ✔✔15-20 min.
How to prevent air embolism? - ✔✔1. Test machine prior to
use
2. Don't use if it fails
3. Make sure the air detector is armed
4. Keep at least 300 ml NS at all times
How to prevent hemolysis? - ✔✔1. Test machines prior to
each treatment (do not use if they fail)
2. Confirm conductivity and pH with Phoenix meter
3. Place bloodlines in line guides
4. Don't run patient with an AP of >-250
5. Troubleshoot: adjust arterial needle, reduce BFR
Hypertonic solution causes what? - ✔✔Crenation
Hypotonic solution causes what? - ✔✔Hemolysis
