PHRM 251 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS|Already Graded
A+|Sure To Pass|Latest Release
**1.** A nurse is preparing to administer I.V. chemotherapy for a client diagnosed with cancer. Which
are potential occupational risks associated with I.V. therapy? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Falls
b. Latex allergy
c. Chemical exposure
d. Needlestick injuries
**b. Latex allergy**
**c. Chemical exposure**
**d. Needlestick injuries**
**2.** A nurse is preparing to initiate I.V. therapy on a client admitted with dehydration. Which
precannulation antiseptic agents are acceptable for the nurse to use, according to the Infusion Nurses
Society's Standards of Practice, to cleanse the client's skin? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. 70% isopropyl alcohol
b. Povidone-iodine
c. 2% chlorhexidine gluconate
d. Hydrogen peroxide
**a. 70% isopropyl alcohol**
**b. Povidone-iodine**
**c. 2% chlorhexidine gluconate**
**3.** A nurse is preparing to start a 30-year-old adult, normotensive client's I.V. line. Which techniques
best assist the nurse in distension of veins before cannulation? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Application of a blood pressure cuff with setting of 30 mm Hg
b. Placing a cool compress over the site for 10 minutes
1
,c. Placing a warm compress over the site for 10 minutes
d. Use of multiple tourniquet techniques
**a. Application of a blood pressure cuff with setting of 30 mm Hg**
**c. Placing a warm compress over the site for 10 minutes**
**4.** A nurse is preparing to obtain a blood sample from an infant. Which precautions should the
nurse take when obtaining blood from a capillary puncture in an infant? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Do not puncture deeper than 2.0 mm.
b. Do not puncture over bruised areas.
c. Obtain puncture over plantar surface of heel.
d. Obtain puncture over back of heel.
**a. Do not puncture deeper than 2.0 mm.**
**b. Do not puncture over bruised areas.**
**c. Obtain puncture over plantar surface of heel.**
**5.** A nurse is preparing to perform venipuncture on multiple clients. Which complications of
venipuncture (for venous sampling) should the nurse anticipate? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Syncope
b. Continued bleeding
c. Thrombosis
d. Septic shock
**a. Syncope**
**b. Continued bleeding**
**c. Thrombosis**
**6.** A nurse is reviewing the medical record for a client with a nursing diagnosis of Altered nutrition:
Less than body requirements. Which assessment data is the best indicator for continued need of
additional nutritional support?
a. Intake and output
b. Calorie count
2
,c. Serum electrolytes
d. Trace element levels
**b. Calorie count**
**7.** A nurse is selecting a peripheral vein for I.V. access. Which factors should affect the nurse's
choice of an I.V. site? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Type of solution
b. Condition of vein
c. Whether client is right or left handed
d. Presence of disease, shunts, or grafts in the extremity
**a. Type of solution**
**b. Condition of vein**
**d. Presence of disease, shunts, or grafts in the extremity**
**8.** A nurse is serving on a hospital's quality-assurance task force. On which quality-assurance
models is the task force most likely to focus? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Standards of care
b. Standards of practice
c. Performance improvement
d. Continuous quality improvement
**b. Standards of practice**
**c. Performance improvement**
**d. Continuous quality improvement**
**9.** A nurse is thinking critically to determine the best methods for assessing an infant's 24-hour fluid
needs. Which three methods for assessment of 24-hour fluid needs in an infant should the nurse
consider?
a. Meter square, diaper weight, and urinary output
b. Meter square, body weight, and caloric methods
c. Meter square, specific gravity of urine, and urinary output
3
, d. Diaper weight, urinary output, and caloric needs
**b. Meter square, body weight, and caloric methods**
**10.** A nurse is time-taping an I.V. bag of 1,000 mL that is to infuse over 8 hours. The nurse places
the 1100 hour marking at the 500-mL level. At which level should the nurse place the mark for 1200
hours?
a. 350 mL
b. 375 mL
c. 400 mL
d. 425 mL
**b. 375 mL**
**11.** A nurse is to draw a blood sample for laboratory analysis from a multilumen central venous
catheter. When performing this procedure, which step should the nurse take first?
a. Clean the port of the lumen with alcohol and allow it to dry.
b. Flush blood out of the pigtail or cap following the procedure.
c. Turn off infusates containing glucose or electrolyte for a full 1 minute prior to the blood draw.
d. Flush the lumen with sodium chloride after the sample is obtained.
**c. Turn off infusates containing glucose or electrolyte for a full 1 minute prior to the blood draw.**
**12.** A nurse is using a pair of scissors to remove a dressing over a tunneled catheter cuts into the
catheter. Which should the nurse use to repair the catheter?
a. Any universal repair kit
b. A blunt-end needle and an injection cap system
c. The manufacturer's repair kit
d. None. The nurse should notify the physician, because nurses do not repair central venous catheters.
**c. The manufacturer's repair kit**
**13.** A nurse is preparing to assist a physician with the insertion of a Groshong catheter. The nurse
refers to the instructions regarding the use of Groshong catheters in a nursing reference book. The
nurse learns that Groshong catheters differ from other central venous catheters in that they:
4
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS|Already Graded
A+|Sure To Pass|Latest Release
**1.** A nurse is preparing to administer I.V. chemotherapy for a client diagnosed with cancer. Which
are potential occupational risks associated with I.V. therapy? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Falls
b. Latex allergy
c. Chemical exposure
d. Needlestick injuries
**b. Latex allergy**
**c. Chemical exposure**
**d. Needlestick injuries**
**2.** A nurse is preparing to initiate I.V. therapy on a client admitted with dehydration. Which
precannulation antiseptic agents are acceptable for the nurse to use, according to the Infusion Nurses
Society's Standards of Practice, to cleanse the client's skin? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. 70% isopropyl alcohol
b. Povidone-iodine
c. 2% chlorhexidine gluconate
d. Hydrogen peroxide
**a. 70% isopropyl alcohol**
**b. Povidone-iodine**
**c. 2% chlorhexidine gluconate**
**3.** A nurse is preparing to start a 30-year-old adult, normotensive client's I.V. line. Which techniques
best assist the nurse in distension of veins before cannulation? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Application of a blood pressure cuff with setting of 30 mm Hg
b. Placing a cool compress over the site for 10 minutes
1
,c. Placing a warm compress over the site for 10 minutes
d. Use of multiple tourniquet techniques
**a. Application of a blood pressure cuff with setting of 30 mm Hg**
**c. Placing a warm compress over the site for 10 minutes**
**4.** A nurse is preparing to obtain a blood sample from an infant. Which precautions should the
nurse take when obtaining blood from a capillary puncture in an infant? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Do not puncture deeper than 2.0 mm.
b. Do not puncture over bruised areas.
c. Obtain puncture over plantar surface of heel.
d. Obtain puncture over back of heel.
**a. Do not puncture deeper than 2.0 mm.**
**b. Do not puncture over bruised areas.**
**c. Obtain puncture over plantar surface of heel.**
**5.** A nurse is preparing to perform venipuncture on multiple clients. Which complications of
venipuncture (for venous sampling) should the nurse anticipate? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Syncope
b. Continued bleeding
c. Thrombosis
d. Septic shock
**a. Syncope**
**b. Continued bleeding**
**c. Thrombosis**
**6.** A nurse is reviewing the medical record for a client with a nursing diagnosis of Altered nutrition:
Less than body requirements. Which assessment data is the best indicator for continued need of
additional nutritional support?
a. Intake and output
b. Calorie count
2
,c. Serum electrolytes
d. Trace element levels
**b. Calorie count**
**7.** A nurse is selecting a peripheral vein for I.V. access. Which factors should affect the nurse's
choice of an I.V. site? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Type of solution
b. Condition of vein
c. Whether client is right or left handed
d. Presence of disease, shunts, or grafts in the extremity
**a. Type of solution**
**b. Condition of vein**
**d. Presence of disease, shunts, or grafts in the extremity**
**8.** A nurse is serving on a hospital's quality-assurance task force. On which quality-assurance
models is the task force most likely to focus? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
a. Standards of care
b. Standards of practice
c. Performance improvement
d. Continuous quality improvement
**b. Standards of practice**
**c. Performance improvement**
**d. Continuous quality improvement**
**9.** A nurse is thinking critically to determine the best methods for assessing an infant's 24-hour fluid
needs. Which three methods for assessment of 24-hour fluid needs in an infant should the nurse
consider?
a. Meter square, diaper weight, and urinary output
b. Meter square, body weight, and caloric methods
c. Meter square, specific gravity of urine, and urinary output
3
, d. Diaper weight, urinary output, and caloric needs
**b. Meter square, body weight, and caloric methods**
**10.** A nurse is time-taping an I.V. bag of 1,000 mL that is to infuse over 8 hours. The nurse places
the 1100 hour marking at the 500-mL level. At which level should the nurse place the mark for 1200
hours?
a. 350 mL
b. 375 mL
c. 400 mL
d. 425 mL
**b. 375 mL**
**11.** A nurse is to draw a blood sample for laboratory analysis from a multilumen central venous
catheter. When performing this procedure, which step should the nurse take first?
a. Clean the port of the lumen with alcohol and allow it to dry.
b. Flush blood out of the pigtail or cap following the procedure.
c. Turn off infusates containing glucose or electrolyte for a full 1 minute prior to the blood draw.
d. Flush the lumen with sodium chloride after the sample is obtained.
**c. Turn off infusates containing glucose or electrolyte for a full 1 minute prior to the blood draw.**
**12.** A nurse is using a pair of scissors to remove a dressing over a tunneled catheter cuts into the
catheter. Which should the nurse use to repair the catheter?
a. Any universal repair kit
b. A blunt-end needle and an injection cap system
c. The manufacturer's repair kit
d. None. The nurse should notify the physician, because nurses do not repair central venous catheters.
**c. The manufacturer's repair kit**
**13.** A nurse is preparing to assist a physician with the insertion of a Groshong catheter. The nurse
refers to the instructions regarding the use of Groshong catheters in a nursing reference book. The
nurse learns that Groshong catheters differ from other central venous catheters in that they:
4
