BIO 1500 chapter 14
1. Evolutionary theory states that all life is ; humans, beetles,
plants, and bacteria all share a , but millions
of years of evolution have shaped organisms into the forms we see today: related,
common ancestor
2. Novel traits due to : mutation
3. After Mendel's work, and understanding of genetic basis of inheritance, sci-
entists integrated genetics and evolution -> —un-
derstanding relationship between natural selection and genetics, took shape
by 1940: modern synthesis
4. What is modern synthesis?: Describes how evolutionary processes, like natural selection, affect genetic
makeup of a population, and, in turn, result in gradual evolution/change of populations or species.
1/8
,5. Modern synthesis connects change in a population structure
over time (microevolution), with the processes that gave rise to new species
and higher taxonomic groups with widely divergent characters (macroevolu-
tion).: genetics'
6. Every individual in a diploid population only carry two alleles per locus, for a
gene, but more than two may be present in the : population
7. In early 20th century, biologists in population genetics began to study how
selective forces change a population through changes in and
frequencies.: allele, genotypic
8. Allele frequency (or gene frequency): rate at which a specific allele appears
within a population
2/8
, This =: number of copies of that allele ÷ total number of alleles of a gene in the population
9. In population genetics,
- Evolution: change in the in a population: allele's
frequency
-Example, frequency of the alleles of the ABO blood group system, (study in Jordan) is 26.1 %, 13.4% and 60.5% for
alleles IA, IB and I0 respectively.
10. Natural selection can alter the population's :-
genetic makeup
3/8
1. Evolutionary theory states that all life is ; humans, beetles,
plants, and bacteria all share a , but millions
of years of evolution have shaped organisms into the forms we see today: related,
common ancestor
2. Novel traits due to : mutation
3. After Mendel's work, and understanding of genetic basis of inheritance, sci-
entists integrated genetics and evolution -> —un-
derstanding relationship between natural selection and genetics, took shape
by 1940: modern synthesis
4. What is modern synthesis?: Describes how evolutionary processes, like natural selection, affect genetic
makeup of a population, and, in turn, result in gradual evolution/change of populations or species.
1/8
,5. Modern synthesis connects change in a population structure
over time (microevolution), with the processes that gave rise to new species
and higher taxonomic groups with widely divergent characters (macroevolu-
tion).: genetics'
6. Every individual in a diploid population only carry two alleles per locus, for a
gene, but more than two may be present in the : population
7. In early 20th century, biologists in population genetics began to study how
selective forces change a population through changes in and
frequencies.: allele, genotypic
8. Allele frequency (or gene frequency): rate at which a specific allele appears
within a population
2/8
, This =: number of copies of that allele ÷ total number of alleles of a gene in the population
9. In population genetics,
- Evolution: change in the in a population: allele's
frequency
-Example, frequency of the alleles of the ABO blood group system, (study in Jordan) is 26.1 %, 13.4% and 60.5% for
alleles IA, IB and I0 respectively.
10. Natural selection can alter the population's :-
genetic makeup
3/8
