BIO 1500 test 5
1. memorize and apply the binding rules of DNA bases: Adenine and Thymine
Guanine and Cytosine
*in RNA U replaces T, so A pairs with U but T still pairs with A
Nucleus( DNA) start of Transcription and then mRna goes to the ribosome then goes to protein and then Trna brings
the amino acid to the ribosome.
2. Explain the steps of protein synthesis, including the specific roles of DNA,
mRNA,
codons, start-codons, stop-codons, anticodons, tRNA, the genetic code, and
ribosomes.: Double helix is opened and RNA polymerase matches new bases to form mRNA
2. The mRNA is arranged in codons, or groups of three base pairs. It leaves the cytoplasm to find a ribosome.
3. tRNA attaches to a codon called a start codon.
4. tRNA matches the codons with the anticodons using the Genetic Code until a stop codon.
5. The amino acid sequence forms a polypeptide chain.
3. Correctly transcribe and translate a sequence of DNA into a string of amino
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, acids.
5′−AUGGCAAGAAAA−3′: DNA: ATGATCTGTAA
mRNA: UACUAGAGCAUU
5′−AUGGCAAGAAAA−3′ Met-Ala-Arg-Lys
4. Explain the Central Dogma.: two-step process, transcription and translation, Flow of DNA ’RNA ’protein.
Transcription is the synthesis of an RNA copy of a segment of DNA.
TERMENGLISH
5. Explain why the binding rules are necessary for the production of functioning
proteins: important factor of making the correct protein since the DNA can't leave the nucleus and the mRNA has
to have the correct bases for the right amino acids to be present and therefore for the correct protein to be made.
6. Types: Differentiate among point mutations, frame-shift mutations, and
chromosomal mutationsMutation: a change in the sequence of bases in DNa-
: Point mutations: occurs when 1 base is changed to another (GGT to GGC)
Frame-shift mutations: insertion or deletion of a base or bases, this mutation causes the reading of the codons to
2/4
1. memorize and apply the binding rules of DNA bases: Adenine and Thymine
Guanine and Cytosine
*in RNA U replaces T, so A pairs with U but T still pairs with A
Nucleus( DNA) start of Transcription and then mRna goes to the ribosome then goes to protein and then Trna brings
the amino acid to the ribosome.
2. Explain the steps of protein synthesis, including the specific roles of DNA,
mRNA,
codons, start-codons, stop-codons, anticodons, tRNA, the genetic code, and
ribosomes.: Double helix is opened and RNA polymerase matches new bases to form mRNA
2. The mRNA is arranged in codons, or groups of three base pairs. It leaves the cytoplasm to find a ribosome.
3. tRNA attaches to a codon called a start codon.
4. tRNA matches the codons with the anticodons using the Genetic Code until a stop codon.
5. The amino acid sequence forms a polypeptide chain.
3. Correctly transcribe and translate a sequence of DNA into a string of amino
1/4
, acids.
5′−AUGGCAAGAAAA−3′: DNA: ATGATCTGTAA
mRNA: UACUAGAGCAUU
5′−AUGGCAAGAAAA−3′ Met-Ala-Arg-Lys
4. Explain the Central Dogma.: two-step process, transcription and translation, Flow of DNA ’RNA ’protein.
Transcription is the synthesis of an RNA copy of a segment of DNA.
TERMENGLISH
5. Explain why the binding rules are necessary for the production of functioning
proteins: important factor of making the correct protein since the DNA can't leave the nucleus and the mRNA has
to have the correct bases for the right amino acids to be present and therefore for the correct protein to be made.
6. Types: Differentiate among point mutations, frame-shift mutations, and
chromosomal mutationsMutation: a change in the sequence of bases in DNa-
: Point mutations: occurs when 1 base is changed to another (GGT to GGC)
Frame-shift mutations: insertion or deletion of a base or bases, this mutation causes the reading of the codons to
2/4
