bio 1500 test 3
1. 4 classes of organic molecules: 1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids
2. properties of carbohydrates: -Ideal source of energy
-Separated in to: simple (sugars) vs. complex (dietary fiber/starches)
3. properties of proteins: - peptides consists of long chains of amino acids
- essential for performing cellular functions
- synthesized from DNA sequence
4. properties of lipids: - hydrophobic (non soluble in water)
- fats, phospholipids, steroids
5. properties of nucleic acids: provide directions for building proteins; RNA and DNA; genetic material
6. building blocks of carbohydrates: monosaccharides (simple sugars)
7. building blocks of proteins: amino acids
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, 8. building blocks of lipids: fatty acids and glycerol
9. building blocks of nucleic acids: nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base)
10. monomer: small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
11. polymer: A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.
12. hydrolysis function: water breaks down another compound and changes its makeup
13. dehydration synthesis function: creation of larger molecules from smaller monomers where a water
molecule is released
14. why are most cells limited to small size?: not enough material will be able to cross the
membrane fast enough to accommodate increased cellular volume
15. prokaryotic cells: - unicellular
- nucleoid
- no membrane bound organelles
- cell wall only
- smaller
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1. 4 classes of organic molecules: 1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids
2. properties of carbohydrates: -Ideal source of energy
-Separated in to: simple (sugars) vs. complex (dietary fiber/starches)
3. properties of proteins: - peptides consists of long chains of amino acids
- essential for performing cellular functions
- synthesized from DNA sequence
4. properties of lipids: - hydrophobic (non soluble in water)
- fats, phospholipids, steroids
5. properties of nucleic acids: provide directions for building proteins; RNA and DNA; genetic material
6. building blocks of carbohydrates: monosaccharides (simple sugars)
7. building blocks of proteins: amino acids
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, 8. building blocks of lipids: fatty acids and glycerol
9. building blocks of nucleic acids: nucleotides (sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base)
10. monomer: small chemical unit that makes up a polymer
11. polymer: A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.
12. hydrolysis function: water breaks down another compound and changes its makeup
13. dehydration synthesis function: creation of larger molecules from smaller monomers where a water
molecule is released
14. why are most cells limited to small size?: not enough material will be able to cross the
membrane fast enough to accommodate increased cellular volume
15. prokaryotic cells: - unicellular
- nucleoid
- no membrane bound organelles
- cell wall only
- smaller
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