Nurs 5315 UTA exam 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND
NEW VERSION!!)
Atrophy - ANSWER-E. Cells decrease in size
P. Still functional
Physiologic: thymus gland in early childhood
Pathological: disuse
Hypertrophy - ANSWER-E. Increase in cell size
P. Increased workload
Physiologic: weightlifting
Pathologic: cardiomegaly from HTN
,Hyperplasia - ANSWER-E. Increase in cell number
P. Increased cellular division
Physiologic: liver regeneration
Pathologic: endometrial- usually r/t hormones
Dysplasia - ANSWER-E. Cells change in size, shape, organization
P. AKA atypical hyperplasia, a disorderly proliferation
Physiologic: N/A
Pathologic: squamous dysplasia of cervix from HPV
Metaplasia - ANSWER-E. one cell type replaced with another
P. reprogramming of stem cells, reversible
Physiologic: N/A
Pathologic: stratified squamous cells in bronchial lining r/t cigarette
smoke
Hypoxia injury - ANSWER-E. inadequate oxygenation of tissues
P. decrease in mitochondrial function, decreased production of ATP
increases anaerobic metabolism. eventual cell death.
C.M. hypoxia, cyanosis, cognitive impairment, lethargy
, Free radical and ROS - ANSWER-E. normal byproduct of ATP
production, will overwhelm the mitochondria- exhaust intracellular
antioxidants
P. lipid peroxidation, damage proteins, fragment DNA
C.M. development in Alzheimer's, heart disease, Parkinson's disease,
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Alpha Fetoprotein Origin - ANSWER-Liver and germ cell tumors
Carcinoembryonic Antigen - ANSWER-GI, pancreas, lung, breast tumors
Beta Human Chorionic gonadotropin origin - ANSWER-germ cell
tumors
Prostate Specific Antigen - ANSWER-prostate tumors
Ethanol - ANSWER-E. mood altering drug, long term effects on liver
and nutritional status
P. metabolized by liver, generates free radicals
C.M. CNS depression, nutrient deficiencies-Mag, Vit B6, thiamine, PO4,
inflammation and fatty infiltration of liver, hepatomegaly, leads to liver
failure irreversible
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND
NEW VERSION!!)
Atrophy - ANSWER-E. Cells decrease in size
P. Still functional
Physiologic: thymus gland in early childhood
Pathological: disuse
Hypertrophy - ANSWER-E. Increase in cell size
P. Increased workload
Physiologic: weightlifting
Pathologic: cardiomegaly from HTN
,Hyperplasia - ANSWER-E. Increase in cell number
P. Increased cellular division
Physiologic: liver regeneration
Pathologic: endometrial- usually r/t hormones
Dysplasia - ANSWER-E. Cells change in size, shape, organization
P. AKA atypical hyperplasia, a disorderly proliferation
Physiologic: N/A
Pathologic: squamous dysplasia of cervix from HPV
Metaplasia - ANSWER-E. one cell type replaced with another
P. reprogramming of stem cells, reversible
Physiologic: N/A
Pathologic: stratified squamous cells in bronchial lining r/t cigarette
smoke
Hypoxia injury - ANSWER-E. inadequate oxygenation of tissues
P. decrease in mitochondrial function, decreased production of ATP
increases anaerobic metabolism. eventual cell death.
C.M. hypoxia, cyanosis, cognitive impairment, lethargy
, Free radical and ROS - ANSWER-E. normal byproduct of ATP
production, will overwhelm the mitochondria- exhaust intracellular
antioxidants
P. lipid peroxidation, damage proteins, fragment DNA
C.M. development in Alzheimer's, heart disease, Parkinson's disease,
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Alpha Fetoprotein Origin - ANSWER-Liver and germ cell tumors
Carcinoembryonic Antigen - ANSWER-GI, pancreas, lung, breast tumors
Beta Human Chorionic gonadotropin origin - ANSWER-germ cell
tumors
Prostate Specific Antigen - ANSWER-prostate tumors
Ethanol - ANSWER-E. mood altering drug, long term effects on liver
and nutritional status
P. metabolized by liver, generates free radicals
C.M. CNS depression, nutrient deficiencies-Mag, Vit B6, thiamine, PO4,
inflammation and fatty infiltration of liver, hepatomegaly, leads to liver
failure irreversible
