RADT 1010 END OF COURSE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GRADED A+
✔✔Define pair production - ✔✔When a photon interacts with a nucleus or atom and the
energy of the photon is used to create a particle-antiparticle pair
✔✔define unmodified/classical interaction(coherent scattering) - ✔✔occurs when the
energy of the x-ray or gamma photon is small in relation to the ionization energy of the
atom
✔✔define photo-disintegration - ✔✔nuclear process in which an atomic nucleus
absorbs a high-energy gamma ray, enters an excited state, and immediately decays by
emitting a subatomic particle.
✔✔what is the relationship between density and distance? - ✔✔As you increase your
subject to image distance (SID) decrease your distance according to the density
maintenance formula
✔✔what is the exposure maintenance formula - ✔✔mAs1/mAs2=D1^2/D2^2
✔✔What is the inverse square law formula ? - ✔✔I1/I2 = D2^2/D1^2
✔✔What is the 15% rule with kVp? - ✔✔Increase: original kVp x 1.15
Decrease: original kVp x 0.85
✔✔describe the sources of ionizing radiation - ✔✔radioactive materials and radiation-
generating machines
✔✔direct ionization - ✔✔radiation directly causes the ionization of a molecule
✔✔indirect ionization - ✔✔an x-ray hits an electron that knocks another electron out of
an atom
✔✔Four stages of acute radiation syndrome - ✔✔prodromal, latent, manifest,
recovery/death
✔✔Annual occupational effective dose limit
commutative occupational dose limit - ✔✔a- 10msv x age
✔✔annual dose limit for public
Cummalitive dose limit for public - ✔✔a- 1 mSv
✔✔annual dose limit for education and training-
, cumulative dose limit- - ✔✔50 msv
✔✔What are the two types of cells? - ✔✔Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
✔✔Projaryotic - ✔✔No nucleus
✔✔Ukaryotic - ✔✔Has a nucleus
✔✔Genetic effects - ✔✔Effects of radiation that are passed on to future generations
through genetic cells
✔✔Somatic effects - ✔✔Effects of radiation that cause illness and are responsible for
poor health (such as cancer, leukemia, and cataracts) but are not passed on to
offspring.
✔✔three key principles of radiation protection - ✔✔time, distance, shielding
minimize exposure and distance between you and radiation
shield as much as you can
✔✔list and describe the five radiation monitoring devices - ✔✔Geiger Muller
Ionization Chamber
Sodium Iodide
Liquid Scintillation Counter
✔✔what is positive beam limitation? - ✔✔A sensor that automatically collimates to the
IR size.
✔✔what is the permissible dose limit for women who are pregnant? - ✔✔.05
✔✔list the physical changes of functional aging - ✔✔thinning skin, graying hair, bruise
easier
✔✔what is an advance directive - ✔✔a written statement of a person's wishes regarding
medical treatment, often including a living will, made to ensure those wishes are carried
out should the person be unable to communicate them to a doctor.
✔✔discuss the grieving process - ✔✔denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
✔✔what are some negative nonverbal communication techniques - ✔✔avoiding eye
contact, staring, cross arms, looking at watch
✔✔identify patient interactions - ✔✔pediatric-
adolescents-
young adults-
GRADED A+
✔✔Define pair production - ✔✔When a photon interacts with a nucleus or atom and the
energy of the photon is used to create a particle-antiparticle pair
✔✔define unmodified/classical interaction(coherent scattering) - ✔✔occurs when the
energy of the x-ray or gamma photon is small in relation to the ionization energy of the
atom
✔✔define photo-disintegration - ✔✔nuclear process in which an atomic nucleus
absorbs a high-energy gamma ray, enters an excited state, and immediately decays by
emitting a subatomic particle.
✔✔what is the relationship between density and distance? - ✔✔As you increase your
subject to image distance (SID) decrease your distance according to the density
maintenance formula
✔✔what is the exposure maintenance formula - ✔✔mAs1/mAs2=D1^2/D2^2
✔✔What is the inverse square law formula ? - ✔✔I1/I2 = D2^2/D1^2
✔✔What is the 15% rule with kVp? - ✔✔Increase: original kVp x 1.15
Decrease: original kVp x 0.85
✔✔describe the sources of ionizing radiation - ✔✔radioactive materials and radiation-
generating machines
✔✔direct ionization - ✔✔radiation directly causes the ionization of a molecule
✔✔indirect ionization - ✔✔an x-ray hits an electron that knocks another electron out of
an atom
✔✔Four stages of acute radiation syndrome - ✔✔prodromal, latent, manifest,
recovery/death
✔✔Annual occupational effective dose limit
commutative occupational dose limit - ✔✔a- 10msv x age
✔✔annual dose limit for public
Cummalitive dose limit for public - ✔✔a- 1 mSv
✔✔annual dose limit for education and training-
, cumulative dose limit- - ✔✔50 msv
✔✔What are the two types of cells? - ✔✔Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
✔✔Projaryotic - ✔✔No nucleus
✔✔Ukaryotic - ✔✔Has a nucleus
✔✔Genetic effects - ✔✔Effects of radiation that are passed on to future generations
through genetic cells
✔✔Somatic effects - ✔✔Effects of radiation that cause illness and are responsible for
poor health (such as cancer, leukemia, and cataracts) but are not passed on to
offspring.
✔✔three key principles of radiation protection - ✔✔time, distance, shielding
minimize exposure and distance between you and radiation
shield as much as you can
✔✔list and describe the five radiation monitoring devices - ✔✔Geiger Muller
Ionization Chamber
Sodium Iodide
Liquid Scintillation Counter
✔✔what is positive beam limitation? - ✔✔A sensor that automatically collimates to the
IR size.
✔✔what is the permissible dose limit for women who are pregnant? - ✔✔.05
✔✔list the physical changes of functional aging - ✔✔thinning skin, graying hair, bruise
easier
✔✔what is an advance directive - ✔✔a written statement of a person's wishes regarding
medical treatment, often including a living will, made to ensure those wishes are carried
out should the person be unable to communicate them to a doctor.
✔✔discuss the grieving process - ✔✔denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
✔✔what are some negative nonverbal communication techniques - ✔✔avoiding eye
contact, staring, cross arms, looking at watch
✔✔identify patient interactions - ✔✔pediatric-
adolescents-
young adults-
