NUSCTX 10 CORE EXAM MANUAL QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Occurs with increased intracellular fluid levels. - ✔✔Cell Burst
✔✔Occurs with decreased intracellular fluid levels. - ✔✔Cell Collapse
✔✔The fluid located inside the cell - ✔✔Intracellular fluid
✔✔The level of acidity or alkalinity of a solution - ✔✔pH
✔✔Fluid outside the cell (such as interstitial fluid, blood plasma, lymph, spinal column) -
✔✔Extracellular fluid
✔✔Force exerted by blood on artery walls - ✔✔Blood Pressure
✔✔Composed of water and dissolved substances. - ✔✔Body fluids
✔✔50-70% of total body weight. - ✔✔Water percentage in body
✔✔90% of blood's composition is water. - ✔✔Water in blood
✔✔75% of muscle tissue consists of water. - ✔✔Water in muscle
✔✔25% of bone mass is made of water. - ✔✔Water in bone
✔✔10% of fat tissue contains water. - ✔✔Water in fat
✔✔Includes minerals like sodium, potassium, chloride. - ✔✔Dissolved substances
✔✔Conditions like fever and diarrhea increase water loss. - ✔✔Illness
✔✔Injury causing blood loss reduces body water levels. - ✔✔Blood Loss
✔✔Increased activity raises water requirements significantly. - ✔✔Exercise
✔✔Temperature and humidity affect breathing and hydration needs. - ✔✔Environmental
Variations
✔✔Increased water needs due to fetal development. - ✔✔Pregnancy
✔✔Substances like alcohol and caffeine promote urine production. - ✔✔Diuretics
, ✔✔High fiber, protein, and sodium increase water intake needs. - ✔✔Dietary Factors
✔✔A condition resulting from excessive loss of body water. - ✔✔Dehydration
✔✔Excessive sweating, elderly, babies. - ✔✔Risk Factors for Dehydration
✔✔Measured as % body weight. - ✔✔Dehydration Measurement
✔✔Strong thirst. - ✔✔1-2% Body Weight Loss
✔✔Dry mouth, reduced urine output. - ✔✔3-5% Body Weight Loss
✔✔Muscle weakness, dizziness, exhaustion, increased body temperature. - ✔✔6-8%
Body Weight Loss
✔✔↓ blood volume & pressure, delirium. - ✔✔9-11% Body Weight Loss
✔✔Coma and death. - ✔✔20% Body Weight Loss
✔✔Movement of water across a membrane. - ✔✔Osmosis
✔✔Substance that dissolves solute, typically water. - ✔✔Solvent
✔✔Difference in solute concentration across a membrane. - ✔✔Concentration Gradient
✔✔Region with fewer solute particles. - ✔✔Low Concentration
✔✔Region with more solute particles. - ✔✔High Concentration
✔✔Maintaining stable internal water levels in cells. - ✔✔Fluid Balance Regulation
✔✔Cells allow water, but not electrolytes, to pass. - ✔✔Cell Permeability
✔✔Having an affinity for water; substances that can easily interact with or dissolve in
water. - ✔✔Hydrophilic
✔✔Repelling water; substances that do not mix well with water and tend to be nonpolar.
- ✔✔Hydrophobic
✔✔Describing molecules that have a distribution of electrical charge leading to regions
of partial positive and negative charge. - ✔✔Polar
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Occurs with increased intracellular fluid levels. - ✔✔Cell Burst
✔✔Occurs with decreased intracellular fluid levels. - ✔✔Cell Collapse
✔✔The fluid located inside the cell - ✔✔Intracellular fluid
✔✔The level of acidity or alkalinity of a solution - ✔✔pH
✔✔Fluid outside the cell (such as interstitial fluid, blood plasma, lymph, spinal column) -
✔✔Extracellular fluid
✔✔Force exerted by blood on artery walls - ✔✔Blood Pressure
✔✔Composed of water and dissolved substances. - ✔✔Body fluids
✔✔50-70% of total body weight. - ✔✔Water percentage in body
✔✔90% of blood's composition is water. - ✔✔Water in blood
✔✔75% of muscle tissue consists of water. - ✔✔Water in muscle
✔✔25% of bone mass is made of water. - ✔✔Water in bone
✔✔10% of fat tissue contains water. - ✔✔Water in fat
✔✔Includes minerals like sodium, potassium, chloride. - ✔✔Dissolved substances
✔✔Conditions like fever and diarrhea increase water loss. - ✔✔Illness
✔✔Injury causing blood loss reduces body water levels. - ✔✔Blood Loss
✔✔Increased activity raises water requirements significantly. - ✔✔Exercise
✔✔Temperature and humidity affect breathing and hydration needs. - ✔✔Environmental
Variations
✔✔Increased water needs due to fetal development. - ✔✔Pregnancy
✔✔Substances like alcohol and caffeine promote urine production. - ✔✔Diuretics
, ✔✔High fiber, protein, and sodium increase water intake needs. - ✔✔Dietary Factors
✔✔A condition resulting from excessive loss of body water. - ✔✔Dehydration
✔✔Excessive sweating, elderly, babies. - ✔✔Risk Factors for Dehydration
✔✔Measured as % body weight. - ✔✔Dehydration Measurement
✔✔Strong thirst. - ✔✔1-2% Body Weight Loss
✔✔Dry mouth, reduced urine output. - ✔✔3-5% Body Weight Loss
✔✔Muscle weakness, dizziness, exhaustion, increased body temperature. - ✔✔6-8%
Body Weight Loss
✔✔↓ blood volume & pressure, delirium. - ✔✔9-11% Body Weight Loss
✔✔Coma and death. - ✔✔20% Body Weight Loss
✔✔Movement of water across a membrane. - ✔✔Osmosis
✔✔Substance that dissolves solute, typically water. - ✔✔Solvent
✔✔Difference in solute concentration across a membrane. - ✔✔Concentration Gradient
✔✔Region with fewer solute particles. - ✔✔Low Concentration
✔✔Region with more solute particles. - ✔✔High Concentration
✔✔Maintaining stable internal water levels in cells. - ✔✔Fluid Balance Regulation
✔✔Cells allow water, but not electrolytes, to pass. - ✔✔Cell Permeability
✔✔Having an affinity for water; substances that can easily interact with or dissolve in
water. - ✔✔Hydrophilic
✔✔Repelling water; substances that do not mix well with water and tend to be nonpolar.
- ✔✔Hydrophobic
✔✔Describing molecules that have a distribution of electrical charge leading to regions
of partial positive and negative charge. - ✔✔Polar
