BIOTECH BACE TEST PAPER UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔protein - ✔✔A folded polymer made up of amino acids. It's shape determines its
function.
✔✔lipid - ✔✔Fats/oils/cholesterols. A molecule that is soluble in non-polar solvents.
Typically hydrocarbons.
✔✔monomer - ✔✔The building block molecule for a polymer. For example, nucleotide
for DNA. Or amino acids for proteins
✔✔polymer - ✔✔A chain of monomers (or molecules). Ex: Proteins
✔✔carbohydrate - ✔✔Molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
These store energy. Ex: Sugars and Starches.
✔✔tRNA - ✔✔transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
✔✔peptide - ✔✔Short chain of amino acids. Smaller than a polypeptide.
✔✔Antibody - ✔✔A protein created by the body to stick to pathogens to mark them for
destruction.
✔✔Neurotransmitter - ✔✔A chemical used to send signals between neurons.
✔✔Cholesterol - ✔✔A lipid used to build cell membranes.
✔✔hormone - ✔✔Chemical messages released into the blood. Cause certain cells to do
certain things.
✔✔cellulose - ✔✔structural protein in plants and algae made of polymerized glucose
molecules. Wood.
✔✔Beta-Sheet - ✔✔One form of the secondary structure of proteins in which the
polypeptide chain folds back and forth, or where two regions of the chain lie parallel to
each other and are held together by hydrogen bonds.
✔✔Prokaryotic - ✔✔a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct
nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the
bacteria and cyanobacteria.
✔✔Eukaryotic Chromosome - ✔✔a cell whose DNA is in the nucleus
, ✔✔Genome - ✔✔the haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism, or in
each cell of a multicellular organism.
✔✔Diploid - ✔✔(genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice
the haploid number
✔✔somatic cells - ✔✔any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.
✔✔DNA polymerase - ✔✔Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual
nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
✔✔DNA Replication - ✔✔The biological process of producing two identical replicas of
DNA from one original DNA molecule. DNA replication occurs in all living organisms
acting as the most essential part for biological inheritance.
✔✔Gamete - ✔✔specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
✔✔5' 3' Ends - ✔✔5' has phosphate group on the carbon ring free; 3' has OH group free
✔✔RIBOSE - ✔✔ribose is a sugar and carbohydrate. Formula C5H1005
✔✔deoxyribose - ✔✔its ribose with out and Oxygen Molecule
✔✔Phosphate - ✔✔Formula: PO4
Charge: -3
✔✔Nitrogenous bases - ✔✔adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C).
and in RNA, uracil (U) instead of thymine (T).
✔✔5' 3' Carbon - ✔✔the amount of carbons attached to the phosphate or OH group.
✔✔Meiosis - ✔✔A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each having
half of the number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
✔✔Mitosis - ✔✔A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the
same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
✔✔Haploid - ✔✔An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes.
✔✔Prokaryotic - ✔✔Cells with no nucleus. Like bacteria
✔✔Monosaccharide/ Disaccharide/ Polysaccharide - ✔✔A monosaccharide is a single
sugar molecule. A Disaccharide is two sugar molecules. A Polysaccharide is multiple
sugar molecules.
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔protein - ✔✔A folded polymer made up of amino acids. It's shape determines its
function.
✔✔lipid - ✔✔Fats/oils/cholesterols. A molecule that is soluble in non-polar solvents.
Typically hydrocarbons.
✔✔monomer - ✔✔The building block molecule for a polymer. For example, nucleotide
for DNA. Or amino acids for proteins
✔✔polymer - ✔✔A chain of monomers (or molecules). Ex: Proteins
✔✔carbohydrate - ✔✔Molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
These store energy. Ex: Sugars and Starches.
✔✔tRNA - ✔✔transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
✔✔peptide - ✔✔Short chain of amino acids. Smaller than a polypeptide.
✔✔Antibody - ✔✔A protein created by the body to stick to pathogens to mark them for
destruction.
✔✔Neurotransmitter - ✔✔A chemical used to send signals between neurons.
✔✔Cholesterol - ✔✔A lipid used to build cell membranes.
✔✔hormone - ✔✔Chemical messages released into the blood. Cause certain cells to do
certain things.
✔✔cellulose - ✔✔structural protein in plants and algae made of polymerized glucose
molecules. Wood.
✔✔Beta-Sheet - ✔✔One form of the secondary structure of proteins in which the
polypeptide chain folds back and forth, or where two regions of the chain lie parallel to
each other and are held together by hydrogen bonds.
✔✔Prokaryotic - ✔✔a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct
nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles. Prokaryotes include the
bacteria and cyanobacteria.
✔✔Eukaryotic Chromosome - ✔✔a cell whose DNA is in the nucleus
, ✔✔Genome - ✔✔the haploid set of chromosomes in a gamete or microorganism, or in
each cell of a multicellular organism.
✔✔Diploid - ✔✔(genetics) an organism or cell having two sets of chromosomes or twice
the haploid number
✔✔somatic cells - ✔✔any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.
✔✔DNA polymerase - ✔✔Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual
nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule
✔✔DNA Replication - ✔✔The biological process of producing two identical replicas of
DNA from one original DNA molecule. DNA replication occurs in all living organisms
acting as the most essential part for biological inheritance.
✔✔Gamete - ✔✔specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
✔✔5' 3' Ends - ✔✔5' has phosphate group on the carbon ring free; 3' has OH group free
✔✔RIBOSE - ✔✔ribose is a sugar and carbohydrate. Formula C5H1005
✔✔deoxyribose - ✔✔its ribose with out and Oxygen Molecule
✔✔Phosphate - ✔✔Formula: PO4
Charge: -3
✔✔Nitrogenous bases - ✔✔adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C).
and in RNA, uracil (U) instead of thymine (T).
✔✔5' 3' Carbon - ✔✔the amount of carbons attached to the phosphate or OH group.
✔✔Meiosis - ✔✔A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each having
half of the number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
✔✔Mitosis - ✔✔A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the
same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus.
✔✔Haploid - ✔✔An organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes.
✔✔Prokaryotic - ✔✔Cells with no nucleus. Like bacteria
✔✔Monosaccharide/ Disaccharide/ Polysaccharide - ✔✔A monosaccharide is a single
sugar molecule. A Disaccharide is two sugar molecules. A Polysaccharide is multiple
sugar molecules.
