BIOL 2051 FINAL QUIZ | 183 QUESTIONS | WITH
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS, GRADED A+
collectively, metagenomic studies of the human microbiome have shown all
but one of the following statements are true Answer - there is no general
pattern of similarity in the microbiomes of humans; they are unpredictable
considering that they require an oxygen- free environment, how do obligate
anaerobes survive in the human body? Answer - they are able to survive in
places where aerobic organisms quickly use the available oxygen
they can also survive in areas with impaired blood flow (reducing oxygen
availability)
helicobacter pylori is a bacterium found in the stomachs of roughly half of the
human population. it is considered to be a pathogen because _________
Answer - it can cause chronic inflammation
the colon has been described as a living fermentation vessel. which type of
culture system would it most resemble? Answer - continuous culture
why is there such a difference between the microbiota in the duodenum and
that in the ileum? Answer - there is a large pH difference between these
regions of the small intestine
,one advantage of a mono gastric digestive system is that _____ Answer -
nutrients are easily accessible to the microbes that aid in digestion and vitamin
production
obligate anaerobes are likely to be found in the _______ Answer - colon
when a child begins to get its first teeth, what happens to the microbiota in the
oral cavity? Answer - the teeth are rapidly colonized by anaerobes, in
particular streptococcus, that are specifically adapted to growth in biofilms on
the surfaces of teeth
saliva contains relatively few microbes compared to other body sites, because
_______ Answer - the concentration of antimicrobial enzymes limits their
growth
why will the microbiota in the vagina of a woman of reproductive age differ
from that of the same woman before puberty and after menopause? Answer -
during the reproductive years, the vagina contains significant amounts of
glycogen that is fermented by lactobacillus acidophilus to produce lactic acid,
creating an acidic environment. glycogen is absent before puberty and after
menopause
the presence of microbes in the bladder is _______ Answer - likely to lead to a
UTI
for a normal, health human host, how is/ are the majority of these
relationships described? Answer - commensalism and mutualism
h. pylori, bacteria that live in the stomach, thrive in ________ pH than skin
microbes Answer - lower
, in general, _____ moisture levels are associated with lower microbial diversity
Answer - lower
deeper tissues have a ______ diversity of microbes than is found on the skin
Answer - lower
bacteria in the small intestine thrive in _______ pH than stomach bacteria
Answer - higher
the likelihood of colonization by skin pathogen is _______ when the normal
microbiota are present Answer - lower
the occurrence of opportunistic infections is ______ in immunocompromised
patients Answer - higher
the occurrence of colonization by pathogens is ______ in mucous membranes
than in unbroken skin Answer - higher
in general, _____ temperature in specific body regions under normal (healthy)
circumstances is associated with lower microbial diversity Answer - higher
all of these types but obligate anaerobes Answer - on dry skin
on moist skin
all of these types but obligate aerobes Answer - in the colon
all of these types Answer - in the mouth after teeth are present
ACCURATE SOLUTIONS, GRADED A+
collectively, metagenomic studies of the human microbiome have shown all
but one of the following statements are true Answer - there is no general
pattern of similarity in the microbiomes of humans; they are unpredictable
considering that they require an oxygen- free environment, how do obligate
anaerobes survive in the human body? Answer - they are able to survive in
places where aerobic organisms quickly use the available oxygen
they can also survive in areas with impaired blood flow (reducing oxygen
availability)
helicobacter pylori is a bacterium found in the stomachs of roughly half of the
human population. it is considered to be a pathogen because _________
Answer - it can cause chronic inflammation
the colon has been described as a living fermentation vessel. which type of
culture system would it most resemble? Answer - continuous culture
why is there such a difference between the microbiota in the duodenum and
that in the ileum? Answer - there is a large pH difference between these
regions of the small intestine
,one advantage of a mono gastric digestive system is that _____ Answer -
nutrients are easily accessible to the microbes that aid in digestion and vitamin
production
obligate anaerobes are likely to be found in the _______ Answer - colon
when a child begins to get its first teeth, what happens to the microbiota in the
oral cavity? Answer - the teeth are rapidly colonized by anaerobes, in
particular streptococcus, that are specifically adapted to growth in biofilms on
the surfaces of teeth
saliva contains relatively few microbes compared to other body sites, because
_______ Answer - the concentration of antimicrobial enzymes limits their
growth
why will the microbiota in the vagina of a woman of reproductive age differ
from that of the same woman before puberty and after menopause? Answer -
during the reproductive years, the vagina contains significant amounts of
glycogen that is fermented by lactobacillus acidophilus to produce lactic acid,
creating an acidic environment. glycogen is absent before puberty and after
menopause
the presence of microbes in the bladder is _______ Answer - likely to lead to a
UTI
for a normal, health human host, how is/ are the majority of these
relationships described? Answer - commensalism and mutualism
h. pylori, bacteria that live in the stomach, thrive in ________ pH than skin
microbes Answer - lower
, in general, _____ moisture levels are associated with lower microbial diversity
Answer - lower
deeper tissues have a ______ diversity of microbes than is found on the skin
Answer - lower
bacteria in the small intestine thrive in _______ pH than stomach bacteria
Answer - higher
the likelihood of colonization by skin pathogen is _______ when the normal
microbiota are present Answer - lower
the occurrence of opportunistic infections is ______ in immunocompromised
patients Answer - higher
the occurrence of colonization by pathogens is ______ in mucous membranes
than in unbroken skin Answer - higher
in general, _____ temperature in specific body regions under normal (healthy)
circumstances is associated with lower microbial diversity Answer - higher
all of these types but obligate anaerobes Answer - on dry skin
on moist skin
all of these types but obligate aerobes Answer - in the colon
all of these types Answer - in the mouth after teeth are present
