Trauma Based Injury in Dental Medicine
Exam Questions and Answers (Most
Recent Version, Complete Study
Trauma-based injury (general) - CORRECT ANSWERS physical injury caused by external force
(e.g., accident, assault, sports, falls)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) - CORRECT ANSWERS an alteration in brain function caused by
external force (e.g., blow to head, penetrating injury, rapid de/acceleration)
Open head injury - CORRECT ANSWERS injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object
in which the skull and meninges are penetrated
Close head injury - CORRECT ANSWERS injury to the head with no penetration to the skull
(concussion) -- injury is happening to the brain itself
As your head flies forward, your brain moves _________ and as your head flies backward, your brain
moves _________ - CORRECT ANSWERS back ; forward
Main cause of a TBI is... - CORRECT ANSWERS falls
Falls happen especially in ________ and ________ - CORRECT ANSWERS children < 4 ; adults >
65
Etiology of TBI in US (most common to least common) - CORRECT ANSWERS falls (28%), motor
vehicle accidents (20%), sports injuries (19%), assaults/violence (11%), occupational accidents
, Etiology of TBI in NC (most common to least common) - CORRECT ANSWERS falls (40%),
unknown (19%), struck (15%), motor vehicle accidents (14%), assaults (10%)
QUICK Q: Which cause of TBI is most common in older adults and why? - CORRECT ANSWERS
falls because of less stability, walkers, living alone
Prevalence of TBI worldwide - CORRECT ANSWERS ~69 million individuals sustain a TBI each
year
Prevalence of TBI in US - CORRECT ANSWERS ~2.8 million TBIs annually, ~56,000 deaths
Prevalence of TBI with oral/facial trauma - CORRECT ANSWERS 5-15% of all injuries seen in ERs
are facial injuries
Prevalence of TBI with dental trauma in children/adolescents - CORRECT ANSWERS up to 30%
experience some form of dental trauma by age 14
4 types of nervous system trauma and potential impact - CORRECT ANSWERS • concussion
• contusion/hematoma
• diffuse axonal injury
• skull fractures involving CN
Concussion - CORRECT ANSWERS a bruise injury of the brain from the brain shifting back and
forth in the brain cavity
Contusion/hematoma - CORRECT ANSWERS a bruise that may be caused by a blunt instrument
in which skin is not broken, the tissues below the surface are damaged, and the blood vessels have
ruptured causing discoloration
Exam Questions and Answers (Most
Recent Version, Complete Study
Trauma-based injury (general) - CORRECT ANSWERS physical injury caused by external force
(e.g., accident, assault, sports, falls)
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) - CORRECT ANSWERS an alteration in brain function caused by
external force (e.g., blow to head, penetrating injury, rapid de/acceleration)
Open head injury - CORRECT ANSWERS injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object
in which the skull and meninges are penetrated
Close head injury - CORRECT ANSWERS injury to the head with no penetration to the skull
(concussion) -- injury is happening to the brain itself
As your head flies forward, your brain moves _________ and as your head flies backward, your brain
moves _________ - CORRECT ANSWERS back ; forward
Main cause of a TBI is... - CORRECT ANSWERS falls
Falls happen especially in ________ and ________ - CORRECT ANSWERS children < 4 ; adults >
65
Etiology of TBI in US (most common to least common) - CORRECT ANSWERS falls (28%), motor
vehicle accidents (20%), sports injuries (19%), assaults/violence (11%), occupational accidents
, Etiology of TBI in NC (most common to least common) - CORRECT ANSWERS falls (40%),
unknown (19%), struck (15%), motor vehicle accidents (14%), assaults (10%)
QUICK Q: Which cause of TBI is most common in older adults and why? - CORRECT ANSWERS
falls because of less stability, walkers, living alone
Prevalence of TBI worldwide - CORRECT ANSWERS ~69 million individuals sustain a TBI each
year
Prevalence of TBI in US - CORRECT ANSWERS ~2.8 million TBIs annually, ~56,000 deaths
Prevalence of TBI with oral/facial trauma - CORRECT ANSWERS 5-15% of all injuries seen in ERs
are facial injuries
Prevalence of TBI with dental trauma in children/adolescents - CORRECT ANSWERS up to 30%
experience some form of dental trauma by age 14
4 types of nervous system trauma and potential impact - CORRECT ANSWERS • concussion
• contusion/hematoma
• diffuse axonal injury
• skull fractures involving CN
Concussion - CORRECT ANSWERS a bruise injury of the brain from the brain shifting back and
forth in the brain cavity
Contusion/hematoma - CORRECT ANSWERS a bruise that may be caused by a blunt instrument
in which skin is not broken, the tissues below the surface are damaged, and the blood vessels have
ruptured causing discoloration
