Prophecy RN Pharmacology A|RN Pharmacology Questions with Answers-Latest Update Graded A

Which of the following medications is known to cause orange-colored urine? Correct Ans:- phenazopyridine (Pyridium) You are ordered to give digoxin. Your patient's vital signs are as follows: Blood Pressure 130/75, Temp 97.9 oral, HR 52, O2 Sat 100% room air. What should you do next? Correct Ans:- Hold digoxin and call the provider Normal Saline (NS) is the solution of choice over D5W when preparing to administer a blood transfusion because: Correct Ans:- Normal Saline is an isotonic solution and prevents cell hemolysis Patient is to receive 5mg/kg of medication. Patient weighs 80kg. How much would you administer? Correct Ans:- 400mg Your patient taking digoxin (Lanoxin) has an AM Potassium level of 3.0. This level may: Correct Ans:- Increase risk of digoxin toxicity The patient is diagnosed with multiple myeloma. The physician has ordered cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Which instruction should be given to the patient? Correct Ans:- Increase daily water intake Which of the following medications will crystalize when mixed with D5NS? Correct Ans:- phenytoin (Dilantin) Which of the following medications should be questioned by the nurse, if ordered by the provider to treat a patient's complaint of nausea and Ans:- famotidine (Pepcid) Your patient has an epidural infusing hydromorphone with bupivacaine at 6ml/hr continuously. The patient's blood pressure at the beginning of your shift was 92/58 with a heart rate of 68. You noticed the patient's blood pressures have been around 130/70. What should you do FIRST? Correct Ans:- Check infusion rate to confirm 6ml/hr, then notify anesthesia provider The dosage of which drug must be tapered of f slowly to prevent acute adrenal insufficiency? Correct Ans:- prednisone (Deltasone) When teaching a new nurse on how to administer IV push furosemide (Lasix), you emphasize that it should be given over two minutes to avoid: tinnitus A nurse is caring for a patient with hyperparathyroidism and notes that the patient's serum calcium level is 13mg/dl. Which medication should the nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the patient? Correct Ans:- calcitonin (Miacalcin) A patient has a prescription to take Guaifenesin (Mucinex) every 4 hours, as needed. The nurse determines that the patient understands the MOST effective use of the medication if the patient states that he or she will: the medication with a full glass of water vomiting? Correct While delivering the lunch tray of a patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin), the nurse notices diversity of food items. Which of the following foods would be a concern? Correct Ans:- Spinach effects? Correct Ans:- Anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, decrease platelet aggregation Your patient is to receive 2 G vancomycin over 2 hours. The medication comes in from the pharmacy as 2 G Vancomycin in 250ml normal saline. At what rate will the IV medication run? Correct Ans:- 125ml/hr Sildenafil (Viagra) is prescribed to treat a patient with erectile dysfunction. A nurse reviews the patient's medical record and would question the prescription if which of the following is noted in the history? Correct Ans:- Use of nitroglycerin Your patient is receiving vancomycin (Vancocin) 500mg IV every 12 hours. As a nurse, you understand that the PRIMARY rationale for monitoring serum levels of vancomycin is that: Correct Ans:- It can cause nephrotoxicity Convert 1.2 milligrams to micrograms Correct Ans:- 1200 mcg You are caring for a patient with diabetes. Humalog insulin is ordered via sliding scale AC and HS. When is the best time to administer Humalog insulin? Correct Ans:- 15 minutes before meal arrives A provider orders one liter of NS to be infused over four hours. At what you set the IV pump? Correct Ans:- 250ml/hr *WRONG* Which medication is used to treat iron toxicity? Correct Ans:- A) digoxin immune fab (Digibind) B) Naloxone (Narcan) C) Mephyton (Vitamin K) D) *WRONG* deferoxamine (Digibind) Your patient presents with CHF and has a Potassium level of 5.8. Which diuretic do you anticipate being ordered by the provider? Correct Ans:- bumetanide (Bumex) Your patient is on a Morphine PCA after a recent exploratory surgery. While doing your rounds, you notice that your patient is slumped over, unresponsive, with Acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin) has which of the following pharmacological medication would you administer? Correct Ans:- naloxone (Narcan) A patient's capillary blood glucose reading is 33mg/dl. Which of the following medications will the nurse administer if the patient is unable to tolerate PO? Correct Ans:- Dextrose 50% IV push When a patient has pernicious anemia, the nurse would expect to give them: Correct Ans:- Vitamin B12 *WRONG* Which of the following anticoagulant is MOST commonly administered for DVT prophylaxis in a patient who has undergone a hip Ans:- A)*WRONG* heparin B) enoxaparin C) aspirin D) warfarin Which of the following is considered an antiplatelet medication? Correct Ans:- clopidogrel (Plavix) Sildenaphil(viagra) is prescribed to treat a patient with erectile dysfuction. A nurse reviews the patient's medical record and would question the prescription of which of the following is noted in the history? Correct Ans:- Use of Nitroglycerin Which of the following medications should be held today considering that your patient received IV contract two hours ago fir a CT scan? Metformin (Glucophage) The patient is diagnosed with multiple Myeloma. The physician has ordered cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan). Which instruction should be given to the patient? Correct Ans:- Increase daily water intake Your patient, a Type 1 diabetic with a history of schizophrenia is exhibiting signs and symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, Which of the following long- term medications is more likely the etiology of the problem? Correct Ans:- chlorpromazine (Thorazine) "Red Man" Syndrome may occur during the administration of vancomycin (Vancocin), primarily due to Correct Ans:- An increase in histamine production Your patient has been diagnosed with. chronic CHF and will be taking s in replacement? Correct Lasix 80mg PO twice a day. When teaching about high Potassium food the diet, which group of foods would you recommend to the patient? Antihistamines Correct Ans:- H-1: constrict nasal cavity nasal system First generation: Diphenhydramine Acts as an antitussive as well Correct Ans:- Side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, anticholinergic effects Caution: glaucoma, monitor for urinary retention Second generation: Fexofenadine Loratadine CyproheptadineCorrect Ans:- less drowsiness, decreased anticholinergic effects Caution: Alcohol CNS depress Hypnotics Barbituates Sympathomimetic Correct Ans:- Stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors~vasoconstriction, resulting in decreased fluid secretions Sympathomimetic examples Correct Ans:- Ephedrine, Phenylephrine Pseudoephedrine Side effects: increased heart rate, increased glucose, jittery, nervous, restless Caution: don't take longer than 5 days Sympathomimetic patient education Correct Ans:- With continued used can result in rebound nasal congestion. Caused from irritation of nasal mucus membranes 1-2 puffs, 4-6x/day (only) Intranasal Glucocorticoids Correct Ans:- *Short term use only *Steroid activity~ decrease inflammation Treats: Allergic rhinitis Intranasal Glucocorticoids Examples Correct Ans:- Beclomethasone Dexamethasone Fluticasone Budesonide (Pulmicort) commonly used for CF patients Intranasal Glucocorticoids side effects Correct Ans:- weight gain, increased glucose, water retention Caution with diabetes Steroids Correct Ans:- increase salt and water retention, so weight gain is usually the side effect, gets RID of POTASSIUM!! Taper of f steroids.