Pathophysiology FINAL WCU Questions With Complete
Solutions
"Please explain the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis to me,"
says another nurse. "Is it just wear and tear so that the cartilage
wears out?" Your best response is
-"Yes; repeated use just wears out the cartilage, until it becomes
thin and denuded. That causes pain and will eventually cause
joint inflammation."
-"Yes; with increasing age, the inflammation from repeated joint
use accumulates and causes the cartilage to get thin and ragged
until it disappears."
-"No; cells in bone, cartilage, and the synovial membrane all get
activated and secrete inflammatory mediators that destroy
cartilage and damage bone."
-"No; autoimmune cells infiltrate the joint and collect on the
cartilage in a mass called 'pannus' that eventually thins and
destroys the cartilage." correct answers "No; cells in bone,
cartilage, and the synovial membrane all get activated and
secrete inflammatory mediators that destroy cartilage and
damage bone."
A 32-year-old female complaining of severe pain with
menstruation and inability to participate in her routine household
activities is likely experiencing
-dysmenorrhea.
,-menorrhagia.
-amenorrhea.
-metrorrhagia. correct answers dysmenorrhea.
A 52-year-old female had a surgical procedure in which the
breast, lymphatics, and underlying muscle were removed. The
procedure performed was a
-radical mastectomy.
-modified radical mastectomy.
-mastectomy.
-lumpectomy. correct answers radical mastectomy.
A 58-year-old woman is seen in the clinic for reports of severe
back pain. Her chest x-ray demonstrates generalized bone
demineralization and compression fracture. Blood studies
demonstrate elevated calcium levels. The most likely diagnosis
is
-leukemia.
-myeloma.
-Hodgkin disease.
,-back trauma. correct answers myeloma.
A biliary cause of acute pancreatitis is suggested by an elevation
in which serum laboratory results?
-Lipase
-Amylase
-Glucose
-Alkaline phosphatase correct answers Alkaline phosphatase
A cause of thrombocytopenia includes
-hypoxemia.
-reduced erythropoietin.
-chemotherapy.
-secondary polycythemia. correct answers chemotherapy.
A child with a history of recent strep throat infection develops
glomerulonephritis. This is most likely a type _____
hypersensitivity reaction.
-I
-II
, -III
-IV correct answers III
A clinical finding consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid
arthritis would be
-systemic manifestations of inflammation.
-localized pain in weight-bearing joints.
-reduced excretion of uric acid by the kidney.
-firm, crystallized nodules or "tophi" at the affected joints.
correct answers systemic manifestations of inflammation.
A college student living in a dormitory reports a stiff neck and
headache and is found to have a fever of 102°F. This
information is most consistent with
-encephalitis.
-meningitis.
-skull fracture.
-cerebral ischemia. correct answers meningitis.
A common component of renal calculi is
-calcium.
Solutions
"Please explain the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis to me,"
says another nurse. "Is it just wear and tear so that the cartilage
wears out?" Your best response is
-"Yes; repeated use just wears out the cartilage, until it becomes
thin and denuded. That causes pain and will eventually cause
joint inflammation."
-"Yes; with increasing age, the inflammation from repeated joint
use accumulates and causes the cartilage to get thin and ragged
until it disappears."
-"No; cells in bone, cartilage, and the synovial membrane all get
activated and secrete inflammatory mediators that destroy
cartilage and damage bone."
-"No; autoimmune cells infiltrate the joint and collect on the
cartilage in a mass called 'pannus' that eventually thins and
destroys the cartilage." correct answers "No; cells in bone,
cartilage, and the synovial membrane all get activated and
secrete inflammatory mediators that destroy cartilage and
damage bone."
A 32-year-old female complaining of severe pain with
menstruation and inability to participate in her routine household
activities is likely experiencing
-dysmenorrhea.
,-menorrhagia.
-amenorrhea.
-metrorrhagia. correct answers dysmenorrhea.
A 52-year-old female had a surgical procedure in which the
breast, lymphatics, and underlying muscle were removed. The
procedure performed was a
-radical mastectomy.
-modified radical mastectomy.
-mastectomy.
-lumpectomy. correct answers radical mastectomy.
A 58-year-old woman is seen in the clinic for reports of severe
back pain. Her chest x-ray demonstrates generalized bone
demineralization and compression fracture. Blood studies
demonstrate elevated calcium levels. The most likely diagnosis
is
-leukemia.
-myeloma.
-Hodgkin disease.
,-back trauma. correct answers myeloma.
A biliary cause of acute pancreatitis is suggested by an elevation
in which serum laboratory results?
-Lipase
-Amylase
-Glucose
-Alkaline phosphatase correct answers Alkaline phosphatase
A cause of thrombocytopenia includes
-hypoxemia.
-reduced erythropoietin.
-chemotherapy.
-secondary polycythemia. correct answers chemotherapy.
A child with a history of recent strep throat infection develops
glomerulonephritis. This is most likely a type _____
hypersensitivity reaction.
-I
-II
, -III
-IV correct answers III
A clinical finding consistent with a diagnosis of rheumatoid
arthritis would be
-systemic manifestations of inflammation.
-localized pain in weight-bearing joints.
-reduced excretion of uric acid by the kidney.
-firm, crystallized nodules or "tophi" at the affected joints.
correct answers systemic manifestations of inflammation.
A college student living in a dormitory reports a stiff neck and
headache and is found to have a fever of 102°F. This
information is most consistent with
-encephalitis.
-meningitis.
-skull fracture.
-cerebral ischemia. correct answers meningitis.
A common component of renal calculi is
-calcium.
