NAGELHOUT PHARMACOLOGY 1 EXAM 2 FULLY UPDATED
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
DESIGNED TO ENSURE SUCCESSFUL RESULTS
What is isoflurane's MAC? ANSWER 1.15
What is Sevoflurane's MAC? ANSWER 2
What is Desflurane's MAC? ANSWER 5.8
What is the N2O's MAC? - ANSWER 105
MAC: What is it? In 50% of individuals exposed to painful stimuli, ANSWER
the minimum alveolar concentration required to induce surgical anesthesia
(immobility). Consider: dosage of anesthesia gas
Isoflurane's Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient - ANSWER 1.4
Sevoflurane's Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient: ANSWER 0.6
Desflurane's Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient: ANSWER 0.42
The N2O Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient is 0.47.
The Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient is a _________ metric. ANSWER speed:
the rate at which you fall asleep and wake up
Sort the gases from fastest to slowest. ANSWER: N2O
Isoflurane, Desflurane, and Sevoflurane
Isoflurane's Oil/Gas Coefficient - ANSWER 99
Sevoflurane's Oil-Gas Coefficient - Answer 50
ANSWER 1.4: Oil/Gas Coefficient of N2O
Desflurane's Oil/Gas Coefficient - ANSWER 18.7
, A measure of ANSWER potency is the Oil/Gas Partition Coefficient.
Sort the gases according to their potencies. ANSWER N2O isoflurane,
sevoflurane, and desflurane
At the beginning of all anesthetic gases, there is an increase in cardiac output.
ANSWER lags
When the anesthetic gases start to take effect, there is a decrease in cardiac
output. ANSWER speeds
Which gases will be most affected if cardiac output increases? The slowest
gases with the highest blood/gas coefficient
The administration of all anesthetic gases is ________ due to a
ventilation/perfusion deficit. ANSWER lags
Which gases will be most affected by a lack of ventilation or perfusion?
ANSWER: Inhaling agents with the lowest blood/gas partition coefficient,
which are faster, have a greater impact than those with a larger blood/gas
partition coefficient.
Which volatile gas anesthetics are available? ANSWER Iso, Des, and
Sevo.These must be "volatilized" (vaporized) in order to be administered
because they begin in the liquid phase.
Which gas anesthetics are non-volatile? ANSWER Already in gas form from
the wall is nitrous oxide.
The only inorganic gas is ___________.
The remaining gasses are all ____. ANSWER: Oxide of nitrogen. has no
carbons in it.
Ethers with Halogenation
Which anesthetics work through a GABAMIMETIC mechanism? ANSWER
gases
Propofol Etomidate Benzos
Which anesthetics work by acting as NMDA ANTAGONISTS? ANSWER:
Ketamine
Which anesthetics work by acting as PSA2 ANTAGONISTS? ANSWER
Dexmetatomadine
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
DESIGNED TO ENSURE SUCCESSFUL RESULTS
What is isoflurane's MAC? ANSWER 1.15
What is Sevoflurane's MAC? ANSWER 2
What is Desflurane's MAC? ANSWER 5.8
What is the N2O's MAC? - ANSWER 105
MAC: What is it? In 50% of individuals exposed to painful stimuli, ANSWER
the minimum alveolar concentration required to induce surgical anesthesia
(immobility). Consider: dosage of anesthesia gas
Isoflurane's Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient - ANSWER 1.4
Sevoflurane's Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient: ANSWER 0.6
Desflurane's Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient: ANSWER 0.42
The N2O Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient is 0.47.
The Blood/Gas Partition Coefficient is a _________ metric. ANSWER speed:
the rate at which you fall asleep and wake up
Sort the gases from fastest to slowest. ANSWER: N2O
Isoflurane, Desflurane, and Sevoflurane
Isoflurane's Oil/Gas Coefficient - ANSWER 99
Sevoflurane's Oil-Gas Coefficient - Answer 50
ANSWER 1.4: Oil/Gas Coefficient of N2O
Desflurane's Oil/Gas Coefficient - ANSWER 18.7
, A measure of ANSWER potency is the Oil/Gas Partition Coefficient.
Sort the gases according to their potencies. ANSWER N2O isoflurane,
sevoflurane, and desflurane
At the beginning of all anesthetic gases, there is an increase in cardiac output.
ANSWER lags
When the anesthetic gases start to take effect, there is a decrease in cardiac
output. ANSWER speeds
Which gases will be most affected if cardiac output increases? The slowest
gases with the highest blood/gas coefficient
The administration of all anesthetic gases is ________ due to a
ventilation/perfusion deficit. ANSWER lags
Which gases will be most affected by a lack of ventilation or perfusion?
ANSWER: Inhaling agents with the lowest blood/gas partition coefficient,
which are faster, have a greater impact than those with a larger blood/gas
partition coefficient.
Which volatile gas anesthetics are available? ANSWER Iso, Des, and
Sevo.These must be "volatilized" (vaporized) in order to be administered
because they begin in the liquid phase.
Which gas anesthetics are non-volatile? ANSWER Already in gas form from
the wall is nitrous oxide.
The only inorganic gas is ___________.
The remaining gasses are all ____. ANSWER: Oxide of nitrogen. has no
carbons in it.
Ethers with Halogenation
Which anesthetics work through a GABAMIMETIC mechanism? ANSWER
gases
Propofol Etomidate Benzos
Which anesthetics work by acting as NMDA ANTAGONISTS? ANSWER:
Ketamine
Which anesthetics work by acting as PSA2 ANTAGONISTS? ANSWER
Dexmetatomadine
