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Chapter 9 MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES


TRUE-FALSE QUESTIONS

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: Early Theories of Motivation LEARNING OUTCOME: 1
1. Motivation is basically a need-satisfying process.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: Frederick Taylor's Scientific Management LEARNING OUTCOME: 1
2. Scientific management is based on economic incentives and the premise that there is “one best
way” to perform any job.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: The Hawthorne Studies LEARNING OUTCOME: 2 RATIONALE: The
classical era of management was followed by the human relations era, which began in the 1930s and
focused primarily on how human behavior and relations affect organizational performance.
3. Scientific management focused primarily on how human behavior and relations affect
organizational performance.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: The Hawthorne Studies LEARNING OUTCOME: 2
RATIONALE: The Hawthorne Studies describes how group interactions influence motivational levels.
4. The Hawthorne effect is used to describe the individual reaction and not that of the group.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs LEARNING OUTCOME: 3
RATIONALE: The most basic needs are the physiological ones.
5. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of need, the most basic needs are the social needs.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs LEARNING OUTCOME: 3
6. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a motivation theory.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs LEARNING OUTCOME: 3
RATIONALE: Maslow's theory has proven very helpful in understanding why people act the way they
do.
7. Human resources managers have yet to find any use for Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
a. True
b. False

,Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: McGregor's Theories of X and Y LEARNING OUTCOME: 4
8. Theory X managers view their workers as untrustworthy and unmotivated.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: McGregor's Theories of X and Y LEARNING OUTCOME: 4
RATIONALE: This describes the Theory Y approach.
9. The Theory X approach to management builds on the idea that worker and organizational
interests are congruent.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: McGregor's Theories of X and Y LEARNING OUTCOME: 4
10. The Theory Z approach emphasizes long-term employment.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: Herzberg's Motivator-Hygiene Theory LEARNING OUTCOME: 5
RATIONALE: Salary and fringe benefits are defined as hygiene factors.
11. In Herzberg's model, salary and fringe benefits are job satisfiers.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: Herzberg's Motivator-Hygiene Theory LEARNING OUTCOME: 5
12. In Herzberg's model, potential job dissatisfiers are called hygiene factors.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: Contemporary Views on Motivation LEARNING OUTCOME: 6
RATIONALE: Equity theory holds that worker satisfaction is influenced by employee's perception of
how fairly they are being compared with their coworkers.
13. Equity theory is a theory of motivation that focuses on the link between motivation and
organizational culture.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: Contemporary Views on Motivation LEARNING OUTCOME: 6
14. Managers can use equity theory to improve worker satisfaction.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: Contemporary Views on Motivation LEARNING OUTCOME: 6
RATIONALE: According to goal-setting theory, more difficult goals lead to better performance than
easy goals.
15. With the goal-setting theory, managers have learned that easier goals motivate more effectively
than challenging ones.
a. True
b. False
October 22, 2018 2

, Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: Contemporary Views on Motivation LEARNING OUTCOME: 6
16. Feedback is very important to the successful application of the goal-setting theory.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: Contemporary Views on Motivation LEARNING OUTCOME: 6
17. The rewarding of a bonus for finishing a job proposal in a timely fashion would demonstrate how
reinforcement theory can be used to motivate employees.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: From Motivation Theory to Application LEARNING OUTCOME: 7
RATIONALE: This is the definition for job enrichment.
18. Job enlargement means the redesign of a job to increase its responsibility and challenge.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: From Motivation Theory to Application LEARNING OUTCOME: 7
19. Training workers by changing and varying jobs is called job rotation.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: From Motivation Theory to Application LEARNING OUTCOME: 7
20. Profit sharing, gain sharing, and stock options are all forms of variable pay.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: From Motivation Theory to Application LEARNING OUTCOME: 7
21. Financial incentives that allow variability in compensation to reflect an individual employee's
contribution are generally known as pay-for-performance programs.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: F REFERENCE: Trends in Employee Motivation LEARNING OUTCOME: 8
RATIONALE: Employee stock ownership plans are great motivators.
22. Employee ownership creates too much stress and is a poor motivator.
a. True
b. False

Title: ANSWER: T REFERENCE: Trends in Employee Motivation LEARNING OUTCOME: 8
23. A knowledge-based work force is qualitatively different from a skills-based work force.
a. True
b. False


October 22, 2018 3