Pediatric Nursing NCLEX Questions and Answers

Pediatric Nursing NCLEX Questions and Answers In performing the lumbar puncture, which safety measure would Nurse Melai implement while CSF specimen is obtained? A. Place the child in a sitting position with the head extended B. Place the child in a side-lying position with the back closest to the edge of the bed C. Do not wear gloves because the physician is collecting the specimen D. Place one arm behind the child's neck and the other behind the knees B. Place the child in a side-lying position with the back closest to the edge of the bed Nurse Melai reviews the results of the CSF analysis and determines that which of the following results would confirm bacterial meningitis? A. Cloudy CSF, ↓ protein, and ↓ glucose B. Cloudy CSF, ↑ protein, and ↓ glucose C. Clear CSF, ↑ protein, and ↓ glucose D. Clear CSF, ↓ pressure, and ↑ protein B. Cloudy CSF, ↑ protein, and ↓ glucose Based on the mode of transmission of this infection, which of the following would be included in the plan of care? A. No precautions are required as long as antibiotics have been started B. Maintain enteric precautions C. Maintain respiratory isolation precautions for at least 24 hours after the initiation of antibiotics D. Maintain neutropenic precautions C. Maintain respiratory isolation precautions for at least 24 hours after the initiation of antibiotics In planning a roommate for the child, Nurse Melai should realize that a child of this developmental level will: A. Prefer another girl her own age B. Most likely seek out opportunities to socialize with teenagers C. Enjoy being with either a girl or boy, as long as they are the same age D. Feel helpful if given the opportunity to look after a slightly younger child A. Prefer another girl her own age As the child recovers from meningitis, for which long-term complication should Nurse Melai watch carefully? A. Encephalitis B. Hydrocephalus C. Learning D. Mental retardation B. Hydrocephalus The nurse understands that isotonic dehydration: A. Occurs when water and electrolytes are lost in about the same proportions as they exist in the body B. Occurs when the loss of electrolytes is greater than the loss of water C. Occurs when the loss of water is greater than the loss of electrolytes D. Causes the serum sodium level to rise above 150 mEq/L A. Occurs when water and electrolytes are lost in about the same proportions as they exist in the body What type of room assignment should the nurse make? A. A room near the nurse's station so that he can be checked frequently and heard if he vomits B. A single room with a sink nears the doorway for isolation use C. A double room with another toddler who also has vomiting and diarrhea D. A bed in the pediatric intensive care unit, in case dehydration develops B. A single room with a sink nears the doorway for isolation use Which priority nursing intervention should be included when caring for a client diagnosed with gastroenteritis? A. Encouraging optimal nutritional intake B. Alleviating abdominal pain and cramping C. Administering an oral anti-emetic every 2 hours D. Monitoring intake and output, and electrolyte levels D. Monitoring intake and output, and electrolyte levels The nurse is assessing the child for dehydration. The nurse determines that the child is moderately dehydrated if which symptom is noted on assessment? a. Flat fontanels b. Moist mucous membranes c. Pale skin color d. Oliguria d. Oliguria The nurse prepares to take the child's temperature and avoids which method of measurement? a. Tympanic b. Axillary c. Rectal d. Electronic c. Rectal The foul-smelling, frothy characteristics stool in cystic results from the presence of large amounts of: a. Undigested fat b. Sodium and chloride c. Semidigested carbohydrates d. Lipase, trypsin and amylase a. Undigested fat The nurse, when planning care, recalls that chest percussion and postural drainage for a toddler with cystic fibrosis are best done: a. After suctioning b. Before aerosol therapy c. One hour before meals d. Immediately after meals c. One hour before meals Medications that will probably be used in the therapeutic regimen for a child with cystic fibrosis include: a. Asteroid and an antimetabolite b. Pancreatic enzymes and antibiotics c. Aerosol mists, decongestants, and fat-soluble vitamins d. Antibiotics, a multivitamin preparation, and cough drops b. Pancreatic enzymes and antibiotics At a previous visit, the parents of an infant with cystic fibrosis received instruction in administration of pancrelipase (Pancrease). At a follow up visit, which finding in the infant suggests that the parents are not administering the pancreatic enzymes as instructed? a. Fatty stools b. Bloody urine c. Bloody stools d. Glucose in urine a. Fatty stools In young children with cystic fibrosis, frequent stool and tenacious mucus often produce: a. Anal fissures b. Intussusception c. Rectal prolapse d. Meconium ileus c. Rectal prolapse A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of Santino. The nurse determines that which of the following laboratory values is most significant to review? a. Prothrombin time b. Sedimentation rate c. Blood urea nitrogen d. Creatinine a. Prothrombin time On the day of surgery, Santino will most likely be fearful of: a. Intrusive procedure b. Perceived abandonment c. Premature death d. Unfamiliar caregivers a. Intrusive procedure A nurse planning care for Santino knows that which of the following would present the highest risk of aspiration during surgery? a. Difficulty swallowing b. The presence of loose teeth c. Bleeding during surgery d.Exudate in the throat area b. The presence of loose teeth After a tonsillectomy, the nurse documents on the plan of care to place Santino in which most appropriate position? a. Supine b. Trendelenburg's c. Side-lying d. High fowler's c. Side-lying After a tonsillectomy, the nurse suspects hemorrhage postoperatively when the child: a. Snores noisily b. Becomes pale c. Complains of thirst d. Swallows frequently d. Swallows frequently When palpating the infant's abdomen, the nurse would expect to find: a. An impacted and distended colon b. Marked tenderness around the umbilicus c. An olive-sized mass in the right upper quadrant d. Rhythmic peristaltic waves in the lower abdomen c. An olive-sized mass in the right upper quadrant The nurse should carefully observe the infant for: a. Quality of cry b. Character of stool c. Signs of dehydration d. Coughing after feeding c. Signs of dehydration After the corrective surgery, the nurse caring for an infant, who had been formula-fed, notices that the post-operative orders are similar to those for the other infants having undergone such surgery and include: a. Thickened formula 24 hours after surgery b. Withholding all feedings for the first 24 hours c. Regular formula feeding 24 hours after the surgery d. Additional glucose feeding as desired after the first 24 hours c. Regular formula feeding 24 hours after the surgery