KNS 200 EXAM #3 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
What are the goals of motor behavior? - Answer -To understand how motor skills are
learned
To understand how motor skills are controlled
To understand how the learning and control of motor skills change across the life span
Why use motor behavior? - Answer -to understand the process of skill development,
control, and change over time (basic goals)
Effective use of cues and feedback - Answer -guides us in providing better situations
for learning and practice
Why do we develop expert performers? - Answer -1. to teach
2. to reach elite levels of sports performance
3. safety
three subdiciplines of motor behavior - Answer -1. motor learning
2. motor control
3. motor development
motor learning - Answer -acquisition of skilled movements as a result of practice
motor control - Answer -the neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of movement
1. includes 'automatic' skills/movements
2. essential for all movements
motor development - Answer -developmental view of motor learning and motor control
across a lifespan
Motor Movements Beyond Sport - Answer -•Babies learning to use a fork and spoon
•Dentists learning to control drill while looking in a mirror
•Surgeons controlling a scalpel; microsurgeons using laser
•Children learning to ride a bicycle or to roller skate
•Teenagers learning to drive
Research Methods for motor behavior: Measuring movements - Answer -1. reaction
time
2. successful trials/# attempts
3. quantification of movement kinetics
, Research methods for motor behavior: assessing movement task characteristics -
Answer -1. continuous vs discrete
2. open vs closed
Research methods for motor behavior: measuring learning - Answer -1. learning is the
goal of practice
2. Learning is determined by retention and transfer
3. learning what?
-novel tasks vs usual tasks
retention - Answer -degree to which aspects of Skill A can be effectively performed
after a period of time with no practice
transfer - Answer -degree to which practice on Skill A improves performance on Skill B
(different but related)
What do expert performers do during practice and competition? How does it differ from
novices? - Answer -- Skill
- Decision making
- Game performance
Note on Transference - Answer -- Knowledge and skills of sport are often highly
specific to that sport
- In many cases, information that helps us understand how learning occurs across many
other skills
Different yet related skills where transference can happen? - Answer -Volleyball serve
and tennis serve
Overview of Knowledge in Motor Behavior - Answer -'Information Processing' model
Goal of Motor behavior - Answer -explain response selection and response execution
how many motor learning principles are there? - Answer -6
principle 1 - Answer -Correct practice improves performance and supports learning
principle 2 - Answer -augmented feedback enhances practice (and thereby learning)
principle 3 - Answer -the brain uses the central nervous system to initiate and control
he muscles that make the desired movements
principle 4 - Answer -movements should rely on the decision-making centers in the
brain as little as possible once the movement is initiated
principle 5 - Answer -Children are not miniature adults
What are the goals of motor behavior? - Answer -To understand how motor skills are
learned
To understand how motor skills are controlled
To understand how the learning and control of motor skills change across the life span
Why use motor behavior? - Answer -to understand the process of skill development,
control, and change over time (basic goals)
Effective use of cues and feedback - Answer -guides us in providing better situations
for learning and practice
Why do we develop expert performers? - Answer -1. to teach
2. to reach elite levels of sports performance
3. safety
three subdiciplines of motor behavior - Answer -1. motor learning
2. motor control
3. motor development
motor learning - Answer -acquisition of skilled movements as a result of practice
motor control - Answer -the neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of movement
1. includes 'automatic' skills/movements
2. essential for all movements
motor development - Answer -developmental view of motor learning and motor control
across a lifespan
Motor Movements Beyond Sport - Answer -•Babies learning to use a fork and spoon
•Dentists learning to control drill while looking in a mirror
•Surgeons controlling a scalpel; microsurgeons using laser
•Children learning to ride a bicycle or to roller skate
•Teenagers learning to drive
Research Methods for motor behavior: Measuring movements - Answer -1. reaction
time
2. successful trials/# attempts
3. quantification of movement kinetics
, Research methods for motor behavior: assessing movement task characteristics -
Answer -1. continuous vs discrete
2. open vs closed
Research methods for motor behavior: measuring learning - Answer -1. learning is the
goal of practice
2. Learning is determined by retention and transfer
3. learning what?
-novel tasks vs usual tasks
retention - Answer -degree to which aspects of Skill A can be effectively performed
after a period of time with no practice
transfer - Answer -degree to which practice on Skill A improves performance on Skill B
(different but related)
What do expert performers do during practice and competition? How does it differ from
novices? - Answer -- Skill
- Decision making
- Game performance
Note on Transference - Answer -- Knowledge and skills of sport are often highly
specific to that sport
- In many cases, information that helps us understand how learning occurs across many
other skills
Different yet related skills where transference can happen? - Answer -Volleyball serve
and tennis serve
Overview of Knowledge in Motor Behavior - Answer -'Information Processing' model
Goal of Motor behavior - Answer -explain response selection and response execution
how many motor learning principles are there? - Answer -6
principle 1 - Answer -Correct practice improves performance and supports learning
principle 2 - Answer -augmented feedback enhances practice (and thereby learning)
principle 3 - Answer -the brain uses the central nervous system to initiate and control
he muscles that make the desired movements
principle 4 - Answer -movements should rely on the decision-making centers in the
brain as little as possible once the movement is initiated
principle 5 - Answer -Children are not miniature adults
