BIOL 4003 Exam 1 questions with
complete solutions passed
A maternal effect gene exists in a dominant, normal head (N) allele and a recessive, small head
(n) allele. A mother with a small head has a bunch of offspring with small heads. What are the
possible genotypes of the mother, maternal grandmother, and offspring?
a. Mother: nn; Maternal grandmother: nn; Offspring: Nn or nn
b. Mother: nn; Maternal grandmother: nn; Offspring: nn
c. Mother: nn; Maternal grandmother: Nn; Offspring: Nn or nn
d. Mother: nn or Nn; Maternal grandmother: Nn or nn; Offspring: Nn or nn - correct answer ✔✔
a
In snails, the direction of shell coiling exhibits a maternal effect pattern of inheritance. Which of
the following statements about the gene involved with this inheritance pattern is false?
a. The father transmits the gene to his offspring.
b. During oogenesis, nurse cells transfer gene products from this gene to the oocyte.
c. Both copies of the mother's version of this gene are expressed in nurse cells.
d. The father's version of this gene is silenced by imprinting. - correct answer ✔✔ d
With regard to a maternal effect gene, a mother is DD and her haploid oocyte (D is fertilized by
a sperm carrying the d allele. Which gene products would be found in this fertilized oocyte?
a. Both D and d gene products
b. Only D gene products
c. Only d gene products
,d. Neither D or d gene products - correct answer ✔✔ b
Which of the following statements regarding epigenetics is false?
a. Genomic imprinting is a type of epigenetic inheritance.
b. X-chromosome inactivation is a type of epigenetic inheritance.
c. Maternal effect is a type of epigenetic inheritance.
d. Epigenetic inheritance involves changes in chromatin structure. - correct answer ✔✔ c
The Igf2 gene that is inherited from the mother is silenced due to imprinting. A mutation, which
we will call Igf2—, is a loss-of-function mutation. If an Igf2—Igf2— mother is crossed to an
Igf2Igf2— father, what is the predicted outcome?
a. All offspring would be normal.
b. All offspring would be dwarf.
c. Half of the offspring would be normal, and half would be dwarf.
d. 3/4 of the offspring would be normal, and 1/4 would be dwarf. - correct answer ✔✔ c
Due to imprinting, the gene(s) affecting Prader-Willi syndrome is silenced during egg formation,
and the gene affecting Angelman syndrome is silenced during sperm formation. A person
named Lynn has Angelman Syndrome due to a deletion that encompasses genes involved with
both Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome. As an adult, Lynn has child with Prader-
Willi syndrome. Lynn is a ______ and the child is _______.
a. male, female
b. female, male
c. male, male or female
d. female, male or female - correct answer ✔✔ c
,A key reason for X-chromosome inactivation is
a. to achieve dosage compensation.
b. to promote male development..
to promote female development.
c. all of the above. - correct answer ✔✔ a
In most species, the transmission of mitochondria follows
a. a maternal inheritance pattern.
b. a paternal inheritance pattern.
c. a biparental inheritance pattern.
d. a genomic imprinting pattern. - correct answer ✔✔ a
A cross is made between a green four-o'clock and a variegated four o'clock. Green chlorophyll
synthesis is inherited via the chloroplasts, which are maternally inherited in this species. If the
green plant provides the pollen, the expected outcome of the offspring would be
a. all plants with green leaves.
b. 3 plants with green leaves to 1 plant with variegated leaves.
c. 3 plants with green leaves to 1 plant with white leaves.
d. some plants with green leaves, some with variegated leaves, and some with white leaves. -
correct answer ✔✔ d
Let's suppose a trait in dogs involves a gene that affects the color of the fur. This gene exists as a
brown and a red allele. A true-breeding female with brown fur is crossed to a true-breeding
male with red fur. All of the F1 offspring have brown fur. The F1 female offspring are then
, crossed to true-breeding males with red fur. All of the F2 offspring have brown fur. These are
observations are consistent with
a. maternal effect.
b. genomic imprinting
c. maternal inheritance
d. both maternal effect and maternal inheritance. - correct answer ✔✔ d
In genetics, the term "linkage" means that
a. two or more genes are on the same chromosome.
b. two or more genes are found in evolutionarily related species.
c. two or more genes have the same function.
d. fragments of DNA have been inserted into the same vector. - correct answer ✔✔ a
Which of the following statements correctly describes how the linkage pattern involving two
genes can be altered and transmitted to offspring?
a. During meiosis, a crossover initiates between sister chromatids in the region between the
two genes.
b. During meiosis, a crossover initiates between homologs in the region between the two genes.
c. During mitosis, a crossover initiates between sister chromatids in the region between the two
genes.
d. During mitosis, a crossover initiates between homologs in the region between the two genes.
- correct answer ✔✔ b
When two genes are closely linked genes along the same chromosome,
complete solutions passed
A maternal effect gene exists in a dominant, normal head (N) allele and a recessive, small head
(n) allele. A mother with a small head has a bunch of offspring with small heads. What are the
possible genotypes of the mother, maternal grandmother, and offspring?
a. Mother: nn; Maternal grandmother: nn; Offspring: Nn or nn
b. Mother: nn; Maternal grandmother: nn; Offspring: nn
c. Mother: nn; Maternal grandmother: Nn; Offspring: Nn or nn
d. Mother: nn or Nn; Maternal grandmother: Nn or nn; Offspring: Nn or nn - correct answer ✔✔
a
In snails, the direction of shell coiling exhibits a maternal effect pattern of inheritance. Which of
the following statements about the gene involved with this inheritance pattern is false?
a. The father transmits the gene to his offspring.
b. During oogenesis, nurse cells transfer gene products from this gene to the oocyte.
c. Both copies of the mother's version of this gene are expressed in nurse cells.
d. The father's version of this gene is silenced by imprinting. - correct answer ✔✔ d
With regard to a maternal effect gene, a mother is DD and her haploid oocyte (D is fertilized by
a sperm carrying the d allele. Which gene products would be found in this fertilized oocyte?
a. Both D and d gene products
b. Only D gene products
c. Only d gene products
,d. Neither D or d gene products - correct answer ✔✔ b
Which of the following statements regarding epigenetics is false?
a. Genomic imprinting is a type of epigenetic inheritance.
b. X-chromosome inactivation is a type of epigenetic inheritance.
c. Maternal effect is a type of epigenetic inheritance.
d. Epigenetic inheritance involves changes in chromatin structure. - correct answer ✔✔ c
The Igf2 gene that is inherited from the mother is silenced due to imprinting. A mutation, which
we will call Igf2—, is a loss-of-function mutation. If an Igf2—Igf2— mother is crossed to an
Igf2Igf2— father, what is the predicted outcome?
a. All offspring would be normal.
b. All offspring would be dwarf.
c. Half of the offspring would be normal, and half would be dwarf.
d. 3/4 of the offspring would be normal, and 1/4 would be dwarf. - correct answer ✔✔ c
Due to imprinting, the gene(s) affecting Prader-Willi syndrome is silenced during egg formation,
and the gene affecting Angelman syndrome is silenced during sperm formation. A person
named Lynn has Angelman Syndrome due to a deletion that encompasses genes involved with
both Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome. As an adult, Lynn has child with Prader-
Willi syndrome. Lynn is a ______ and the child is _______.
a. male, female
b. female, male
c. male, male or female
d. female, male or female - correct answer ✔✔ c
,A key reason for X-chromosome inactivation is
a. to achieve dosage compensation.
b. to promote male development..
to promote female development.
c. all of the above. - correct answer ✔✔ a
In most species, the transmission of mitochondria follows
a. a maternal inheritance pattern.
b. a paternal inheritance pattern.
c. a biparental inheritance pattern.
d. a genomic imprinting pattern. - correct answer ✔✔ a
A cross is made between a green four-o'clock and a variegated four o'clock. Green chlorophyll
synthesis is inherited via the chloroplasts, which are maternally inherited in this species. If the
green plant provides the pollen, the expected outcome of the offspring would be
a. all plants with green leaves.
b. 3 plants with green leaves to 1 plant with variegated leaves.
c. 3 plants with green leaves to 1 plant with white leaves.
d. some plants with green leaves, some with variegated leaves, and some with white leaves. -
correct answer ✔✔ d
Let's suppose a trait in dogs involves a gene that affects the color of the fur. This gene exists as a
brown and a red allele. A true-breeding female with brown fur is crossed to a true-breeding
male with red fur. All of the F1 offspring have brown fur. The F1 female offspring are then
, crossed to true-breeding males with red fur. All of the F2 offspring have brown fur. These are
observations are consistent with
a. maternal effect.
b. genomic imprinting
c. maternal inheritance
d. both maternal effect and maternal inheritance. - correct answer ✔✔ d
In genetics, the term "linkage" means that
a. two or more genes are on the same chromosome.
b. two or more genes are found in evolutionarily related species.
c. two or more genes have the same function.
d. fragments of DNA have been inserted into the same vector. - correct answer ✔✔ a
Which of the following statements correctly describes how the linkage pattern involving two
genes can be altered and transmitted to offspring?
a. During meiosis, a crossover initiates between sister chromatids in the region between the
two genes.
b. During meiosis, a crossover initiates between homologs in the region between the two genes.
c. During mitosis, a crossover initiates between sister chromatids in the region between the two
genes.
d. During mitosis, a crossover initiates between homologs in the region between the two genes.
- correct answer ✔✔ b
When two genes are closely linked genes along the same chromosome,
