ANPS 8005 - Module 1- Neuro Psychopharmacology
Questions With Complete Solutions
Describe 4 areas of pharmacokinetics correct answers ADME -
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion/elimination
Drug administration in various routes then absorbed through diff
tissues
Distribution- how do medications work with the blood brain
barrier? correct answers Brain has tight junctions to prevent
passive diffusion of most drugs
Drugs must be highly lipophilic or use existing proteins - to
protect the cns- can use intrathecal to bypass
Distribution- what is the affects of plasma protein binding?
How can it affect distribution? correct answers Can change /
determines how much of the drug reaches the target
A drug that is bound is not available to cross membranes staying
in circulatory system & does not arrive to its destination
Albumin can be a marker - low albumin can cause more free
concentration leading to toxicity
Also if you have 2 highly bound protein drugs they may
compete for binding & push one off leading to higher
concentrations on one
Drugs that are protein bound have what volume of distribution?
Example of a drug? correct answers Low
Ex- valproic acid - need to watch for toxicity
,How are Genes & behavior connected? correct answers They
are interrelated neurotransmitters induced molecular cascades
that lead to changes in the synthesis of proteins which then
change how a neuron functions the functioning of neurons in the
connection between them governmental processes which intern
affect behavior this is how genes can impact behavior
Conversely human experience education and psychotherapy can
change the expression of jeans and alter the distribution and
strength of specific some septic connections this produces long-
term change and behaviors that were all caused by the original
experience
How do Ion Channel Neurotransmission- Ligan-gated works?
correct answers has potential to bind to neurotransmitter or
hormone - is gate keeper - opens channel to allow flow of
moleques - formed by sub units -
Agonist- increases and opening
Antagonist- locked gate -
partial- open more frequently than resting state but less than
agonist -
Inverse- closes gate & inactive state
How do Neurotransmitter Receptors work? correct answers
Another major target of psy meds
All about binding, 2nd messengers, & cascades
, Drugs that bind to receptors that bind to G-Protein link
specifically alter downstream events
Activate/deactivate foster proteins to change gene expression
How do psychotropic drugs target Neurotransmitter
Metabolism? correct answers only a small amount of
medications use this route -
Enzymes converts substrate into a product - or inhibitor prevents
binding -
HOW do we know about how neuro transmission works in the
brain? correct answers We've mapped nerve fibers in the human
brain using mri- diffusion weighted imaging tracing direction of
water flow
Water diffuses around fatty sheaths around nerve fibers verses
through then
How does biliary excretion affect elimination?
What is an example? correct answers Due to Enterrohepatic
circulation
Allows some drugs to have a longer duration of action due to
recirculating
Example- oral contraceptives
How does medication interact with ion channel through
Allosteric modulation? correct answers No activity on there
own - but when bound with ligan can enhance (positive
allosteric modulators) or block ligand channel activity (negative
allosteric modulators)
Questions With Complete Solutions
Describe 4 areas of pharmacokinetics correct answers ADME -
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion/elimination
Drug administration in various routes then absorbed through diff
tissues
Distribution- how do medications work with the blood brain
barrier? correct answers Brain has tight junctions to prevent
passive diffusion of most drugs
Drugs must be highly lipophilic or use existing proteins - to
protect the cns- can use intrathecal to bypass
Distribution- what is the affects of plasma protein binding?
How can it affect distribution? correct answers Can change /
determines how much of the drug reaches the target
A drug that is bound is not available to cross membranes staying
in circulatory system & does not arrive to its destination
Albumin can be a marker - low albumin can cause more free
concentration leading to toxicity
Also if you have 2 highly bound protein drugs they may
compete for binding & push one off leading to higher
concentrations on one
Drugs that are protein bound have what volume of distribution?
Example of a drug? correct answers Low
Ex- valproic acid - need to watch for toxicity
,How are Genes & behavior connected? correct answers They
are interrelated neurotransmitters induced molecular cascades
that lead to changes in the synthesis of proteins which then
change how a neuron functions the functioning of neurons in the
connection between them governmental processes which intern
affect behavior this is how genes can impact behavior
Conversely human experience education and psychotherapy can
change the expression of jeans and alter the distribution and
strength of specific some septic connections this produces long-
term change and behaviors that were all caused by the original
experience
How do Ion Channel Neurotransmission- Ligan-gated works?
correct answers has potential to bind to neurotransmitter or
hormone - is gate keeper - opens channel to allow flow of
moleques - formed by sub units -
Agonist- increases and opening
Antagonist- locked gate -
partial- open more frequently than resting state but less than
agonist -
Inverse- closes gate & inactive state
How do Neurotransmitter Receptors work? correct answers
Another major target of psy meds
All about binding, 2nd messengers, & cascades
, Drugs that bind to receptors that bind to G-Protein link
specifically alter downstream events
Activate/deactivate foster proteins to change gene expression
How do psychotropic drugs target Neurotransmitter
Metabolism? correct answers only a small amount of
medications use this route -
Enzymes converts substrate into a product - or inhibitor prevents
binding -
HOW do we know about how neuro transmission works in the
brain? correct answers We've mapped nerve fibers in the human
brain using mri- diffusion weighted imaging tracing direction of
water flow
Water diffuses around fatty sheaths around nerve fibers verses
through then
How does biliary excretion affect elimination?
What is an example? correct answers Due to Enterrohepatic
circulation
Allows some drugs to have a longer duration of action due to
recirculating
Example- oral contraceptives
How does medication interact with ion channel through
Allosteric modulation? correct answers No activity on there
own - but when bound with ligan can enhance (positive
allosteric modulators) or block ligand channel activity (negative
allosteric modulators)
